Download or read book Elections Since 1945 written by Ian Gorvin and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1989 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international directory covers all national presidential and legislative elections in sovereign states worldwide since 1945, or in the case of former colonies, since their accession to independence. Includes notes on the electoral system of each country, the evolution of suffrage and the princi.
Download or read book Voter Turnout and the Dynamics of Electoral Competition in Established Democracies Since 1945 written by Mark N. Franklin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-19 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voting is a habit. People learn the habit of voting, or not, based on experience in their first few elections. Elections that do not stimulate high turnout among young adults leave a 'footprint' of low turnout in the age structure of the electorate as many individuals who were new at those elections fail to vote at subsequent elections. Elections that stimulate high turnout leave a high turnout footprint. So a country's turnout history provides a baseline for current turnout that is largely set, except for young adults. This baseline shifts as older generations leave the electorate and as changes in political and institutional circumstances affect the turnout of new generations. Among the changes that have affected turnout in recent years, the lowering of the voting age in most established democracies has been particularly important in creating a low turnout footprint that has grown with each election.
Download or read book British General Elections Since 1945 written by David Butler and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparative European Party Systems written by Alan Siaroff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the party systems of the whole continent of Europe. This work also includes case studies of the Baltic States and Balkan democracies and goes as far east as Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, and Turkey.
Download or read book The General Election 1945 and After written by Margaret Cole and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British General Elections Since 1964 written by David Denver and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a recent decline in voter turnout, British general elections are still the centrepiece of Britain's liberal democracy and their results make a real difference to every British citizen. They command strong media interest long before their dates are announced and even uneventful campaigns dominate the headlines. The 2010 general election saw the first direct televised debates between the main party leaders, adding further interest to a battle which was always likely to be close. The result was a 'hung parliament' and the first British coalition government since 1945. However, as this book shows these were only the latest manifestations of a transformation in British elections which began in the early 1960s. While some election rituals remain intact - the counting of votes by hand, the solemn declaration of individual constituency results and, most importantly, the peaceful handover of power if the incumbent party loses, almost everything of significance has changed. Voters have very different attitudes; fewer of them have party loyalties which are more than skin deep, and they tend to base their choices on 'short-term' factors such as the perceived competence of the parties and the image of the leader. The parties themselves are barely recognisable from the institutions of 1964 - not least because their membership figures have dwindled dramatically. Election campaigns are now heavily centralised, and focus obsessively on a handful of target seats. This book reviews the history of British general elections since 1964, charting the changes in voters and parties at every step. In parallel, it shows how electoral analysts have responded to these developments. The first book of its kind, it will be invaluable to readers with a general interest in British politics, as well as to undergraduate and postgraduate students of the subject.
Download or read book Electoral Change Since 1945 written by Pippa Norris and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1997-01-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the nature of electoral change in Britain during the last half century. The period from 1945-70 was the classic era of two-party dominance at every level of British politics: at Westminster, county hall, and in the electorate. Since the early seventies Conservative and Labour hegemony has remained virtually unaltered in Parliament, but their grip has been loosened in local government, and the popular foundations of the two-party system have been eroded among voters. Why has Britain evolved from a dominant to a declining two-party system during the last fifty years? This study considers alternative explanations for these developments, focusing on changes in voters, parties, and political communications. The book provides students with a fresh and accessible perspective on theories of electoral change, placing developments in Britain within their broader comparative context, and challenging many conventional assumptions about trends in voting behaviour.
Download or read book Election Timing written by Alastair Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-19 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endogenous election timing allows leaders to schedule elections 'when the time is right'. The author proposes and tests an informational theory of endogenous election timing that explains when leaders call for elections and the consequences of their decisions. In particular, he argues that, if all else is equal, leaders announce elections when they anticipate a decline in their future performance. As a consequence, early elections signal a leader's lack of confidence in future outcomes. The earlier elections occur, relative to expectations, the stronger the signal of demise. Using data on British parliaments since 1945, the author tests hypotheses related to timing of elections, electoral support and subsequent economic performance. Leaders who call elections early (relative to expectations) experience a decline in their popular support relative to pre-announcement levels, experience worse post-electoral performance, and have shorter campaigns.
Download or read book From Votes To Seats written by Ron Johnston and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Votes to Seats is a study of the 14 general elections held between 1950 and 1997 in Britain. Arguing that the British electoral system treats political parties disproportionately, the authors show that the amount of bias in those elections results substantially increased over the period, benefiting Labour at the expense of the Conservatives. With the use of imaginative diagrams, this book examines the electoral process in detail, illustrating how it operates, while stressing the important role of tactical voting in the production of recent election results.
Download or read book Voter Turnout in Western Europe Since 1945 written by Rafael López Pintor and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voter turnout in Western Europe since 1945 [electronic resource] : a regional report.
Download or read book Voter Turnout Since 1945 written by Rafael López Pintor and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2002 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive compilation of voter turnout statistics ever published. The report includes statistics from more than 1,600 parliamentary and presidential elections in over 170 countries. Easy-to-use colour-coded tables give ready access to election turnout percentages from almost every contested national election that has taken place since the end of the Second World War. Graphs, charts and tables highlight trends in voter turnout and compare turnout between old and new democracies. Political participation in different regions is analysed and corresponding information is presented on the potential impact of literacy, a country's wealth and civil liberties on voter turnout. A colour-coded world map, showing turnout percentages from the most recent national elections, is also enclosed. In addition to the voter turnout statistics and analyses, this publication contains a thematic focus on voter registration. Voter registration is the process of exercising the franchise, and as such is a key condition of electoral participation. History shows us that the removal of barriers to registration is essential to the full exercise of a citizen's political rights.Country case studies as well as an analysis of the voter registration methods used today in the world are presented together with graphs and global information on voter registration.
Download or read book From From Votes to Seats written by Roy Johnston and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The British electoral system treats parties disproportionately and differentially. This original study of the fourteen general elections held between 1950 and 1997 shows that the amount of bias in those election results increased substantially over the period, benefiting Labour at the expense of the Conservatives. Labour's advantage peaked at the 1997 general election when, even assuming there had been an equal share of the votes for the two parties, it would have won 82 more seats than its opponents. This situation came about because of different aspects of two well-known electoral abuses - malapportionment and gerrymandering - which operate despite the non-partisan redistribution processes involved in defining new constituencies conducted on five occasions by the independent Boundary Commissions during the period studied. With the use of imaginative diagrams, the book examines these processes in detail, illustrating how they operate, and stresses the important role of tactical voting in the production of recent election results. This book will be of great interest to all students of the British electoral system, not least those concerned with its potential reform, for which the authors make detailed proposals.
Download or read book The British general elections 1945 1992 written by David Butler, LLB and published by Palgrave MacMillan. This book was released on 1999 with total page 5490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These full-scale studies provide contemporary accounts of every general election since World War II. Examining the historical background to the elections, the issues, the course of the campaigns, the role of the media and advertising agencies, and the backgrounds of the candidates, as well as providing detailed analyses of the opinion polls and the final results, the collection creates a major comparative record and a case study of how democratic elections operate in practice.
Download or read book HC 232 Voter Engagement in the UK written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Political and Constitutional Reform Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2014 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1945, turnout for general elections in the UK has fallen from a high of 83.9% in 1950 to a low of 59.4% in 2001. Turnout for the 2010 general election was 65.1% higher than the previous two general elections, but still the third lowest since the introduction of universal suffrage. Turnout at the last general election was also low compared with turnout at the last parliamentary elections in other European Union countries. There is also evidence that a significant number of people in the UK are not registered to vote, with the most recent estimates indicating that the electoral register was between 85 and 87% complete. This would mean that approximately 6.5 million people are missing from the electoral register. In light of this, the Political and Constitutional Reform Committee agreed to conduct an inquiry into voter registration and turnout in the UK.
Download or read book Electoral Reform at Work written by Philip Salmon and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2002 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book charts the political transformation of Britain that resulted from the "Great" Reform Act of 1832. It argues that this extensively debated parliamentary reform, aided by the workings of the New Poor Law (1834) and Municipal Corporations Act (1835), moved the nation far closer to a "modern" type of representative system than has previously been supposed. Drawing on hitherto neglected local archives and the records of election solicitors, Dr Salmon demonstrates how the Reform Act's practical details, far from being mere "small print", had a profound impact on borough and county politics. Combining computer-assisted electoral analysis with traditional methods, he traces the emergence of new types of voter partisanship and party organisation after 1832, and exposes key differences between the parties which resulted in a remarkable national recovery by the Conservative party. In passing he provides important new perspectives on issues such as MPs' relations with their constituents, the expense and culture of popular politics after 1832, the electoral impact of railway development, and the role of 'deference voting' in the counties. Dr PHILIP SALMON is Editor of the 1832-1945 House of Commons project at the History of Parliament.
Download or read book The General Election 1945 and After written by Margaret Isabel Cole and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The British General Election of 1945 written by Ronald Buchanan McCallum and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
