Download or read book Efficacy of Stem Cell Derived Therapy for Ischemic Stroke written by Shannon Helsper and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke is a leading causing of death and disability world-wide, and yet, few options for therapeutic treatment exist. Cell therapies, particularly human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC), have elicited particular interest recently. Of the approximately 29 clinical trial studies worldwide, none however has yet established a robust hMSC approach to treat stroke, largely due to variance with in vivo stem cell response and varying preconditioning metrics. This work describes the development of unique magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S) methods to assess early markers of tissue recovery in response to hMSC-derived therapies in ischemic stroke. Combining 23Na MRI and 1H MRS provides a highly sensitive, multinuclear approach enabling real time monitoring of the in vivo efficacy of hMSC therapies by probing ionic and energetic homeostasis, starting at therapeutic administration through the evolution of disease progression and recovery. Utilizing a preclinical cerebral ischemia model, this work demonstrates that these highly sensitive MR metrics can discern therapeutic efficacy and assess the differential impacts of 2D and 3D hypoxic preconditioning on hMSC when applied in vivo. The early assessment provided by MR evaluation correlate positively with extended neurological recovery assessed by neuromotor analysis and immunohistochemistry as well as with in vitro assays and ischemic challenges over extended cell culture. With the aid of a novel method to label hMSC-derived extracellular vesicles for investigating biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy of the hMSC secretome, enhanced MR sensitivity further provides insight into the mechanism of action by these stem cells. Overall, results demonstrate the superior benefits of intra-arterially injected hMSC that are pre-conditioned using 3D aggregation with respect to the recovery of ionic and metabolic homeostasis both at the lesion and systemically. However, hypoxically conditioned 2D hMSC and extracellular vesicles also displayed improvement in ionic and metabolic recovery over untreated ischemia. These approaches (e.g., 3D versus 2D culture or direct cell implantation versus extracellular vesicles) have significant ramifications for the feasible translation of hMSC into clinical use. With the ability to monitor treatment efficacy with MR techniques, these preconditioning steps can be developed further to aid in refinement of cell and extracellular vesicle preparation at clinically relevant scales as they are moved towards therapeutic implementation for ischemic stroke.

Download or read book Bone marrow stem cell therapy for stroke written by Kunlin Jin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent advances in all aspects of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) for stroke treatment, while also providing comprehensive information on human clinical trials and animal models of stroke. In addition, it reviews the optimal conditions of transplantation for stroke therapy and potential mechanisms underlying transplanted cell-mediated functional recovery after stroke. As the first book to focus on BMSC therapy for stroke, it also discusses in depth the unique challenges of BMSCs-based therapy in this context.

Download or read book Regenerative Therapies in Ischemic Stroke Recovery written by Syed Shadab Raza and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the importance and significance of regenerative medicine in stroke recovery. It discusses stem-cell-based treatment strategies and offers mechanistic insights into their role in neurological recovery. It also examines the challenges and advances in using adult stem cells for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Further, it presents the strategies as well as the strengths and weaknesses of various delivery methods to administer stem cells in ischemic stroke. It examines the role of non-coding RNA in our understanding the stroke pathogenesis, their regulatory role in ischemic stroke and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Lastly, it explores exosomes in the treatment of stroke, and the underlying mechanism of their action as therapeutic vectors for stroke. Given its scope, it is an excellent resource for neurologists, neuroscientists and researchers involved in regenerative therapy for stroke.

Download or read book Cell Therapy Against Cerebral Stroke written by Kiyohiro Houkin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents comprehensive reviews for both translational research and clinical trials on cell therapy for stroke. Cerebral stroke is still a leading cause of death and disability. However, despite intensive research, few treatment options are available. The therapeutic potential of cell transplantation has been studied for various pathological conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) including traumatic brain injury, traumatic spinal cord injury, degenerative disease, demyelinating disease and ischemic stroke, as the injured neural tissue in the CNS has only a limited regenerative capacity. Recently, a growing body of evidence in this field suggests that cell transplantation holds great potential as a form of stroke therapy. The authors, who are experts in the field of neurosurgery, review and discuss optimal cell sources and various issues involved in translational research; further, they outline ongoing clinical trials in Japan.

Download or read book Stem Cell Therapy for Vascular Diseases written by Tulio Pinho Navarro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Distinguished clinical and surgical approaches have attempted to overcome its morbidity and mortality; still 17.9 million people die every year due to vascular affections. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Stem cells synthesize and secrete cytokines that promote cell recruitment, immunomodulation, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, and neuroregeneration, all of which promote regeneration. Besides that, stem cells are also capable of differentiating in various cell types, being employed in tissue engineering. Preclinical and clinical investigations have reported efficacy of stem cell therapy for various vascular diseases. Even though results are encouraging, the studies demonstrate variation in stem cell type and origin, route and protocol for administration, and concomitant use of other treatment strategies, impairing easy interpretation of results and clinical application. The purpose of this book is to compile and comprise the current state of the evidence regarding stem cell therapy for each vascular disease, elucidating possible clinical applications. More than an objective guide for readers on the use of this novel treatment strategy, this publication will advocate for stem cell therapy use and development and will be of significant interest to physicians in a wide range of disciplines as well as researchers.

Download or read book Cell Based Therapies in Stroke written by Jukka Jolkkonen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-30 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke remains one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. While effective therapy for stroke recovery remains an unmet need. Much hope and promises are placed on cell-based therapies. The aim of this book is to provide focused yet comprehensive reviews on the current state of cell-based approaches in the treatment of stroke. The topics covered include experimental data on functional outcome after intravascular and intracerebral delivery of cells in stroke animals, followed by translational chapters which will rely heavily on the use of different imaging modalities in the tracking of cells. The last and most challenging part will describe the early phase of clinical studies, providing guidelines for future research and clinical applications. Clearly and concisely written, this text will be a useful resource for neurologists, radiologists, and neuroscientists interested in cell transplantation as a therapeutic strategy for stroke patients.

Download or read book Cell based Therapies for Stroke Promising Solution or Dead End written by Paulo Henrique Rosado-de-Castro and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-05-22 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neural Crest Stem Cells written by Maya Sieber-Blum and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers readers an understanding of the development of neural crest cells, which is crucial as many birth defects and tumours are of neural crest origin. Delving into stem cells from different locations of the body, this book explores the best possible source of such cells for the use in medical applications.

Download or read book Cell Therapy for Brain Injury written by David C. Hess and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Therapy for Brain Injury is a thorough examination of using state-of-the-art cell therapy in the treatment of strokes and other traumatic brain injuries. This invaluable book covers this niche topic in depth from basic stem cell biology and principles of cell therapy through proposed mechanisms of action of cell therapy in stroke, pre-clinical data in stroke models, ongoing clinical trials, imaging and tracking of cells with MRI, neural stem cells in stroke and the "big pharma" perspective of cell therapy. Each chapter is written by well-known leaders in each field, thus providing a wealth of expertise. The breadth of this book makes it essential reading for neuroscientists, stem cell biologists, researchers or clinical trialists at pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies. It also serves as a thorough introduction for graduate students or post-doctoral fellows who hope to work in these fields.

Download or read book Stem Cell Treatments for Ischemic Stroke written by Frederick Andrew Bagdasarian and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roughly 800,000 Americans a year suffer an ischemic stroke, motivating numerous clinical and preclinical research endeavors into therapeutic applications to mitigate degenerative affects. One of the more promising potential therapeutics are human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) to curtail the effects of ischemia on healthy brain tissue. Using diffusion MRI (dMRI), the displacement of water molecules in brain tissue can be quantified to describe biophysical phenomena within tissue damaged by ischemic stroke. As such, dMRI has been employed widely in the diagnosis and monitoring of ischemic stroke, but its application to evaluate cell therapies in preclinical models has been limited in scope to standard diffusion models. In this work, I demonstrate the sensitivity of simple dMRI acquisition and analysis techniques in evaluating recovery following hMSC application via different injection sites, and its novelty in characterizing hMSC sourced from different donors. I then utilize the current and advanced computational and geometric modeling of more rigorous diffusion data acquisition schemes and display, for the first time, that the intra-neurite volume fraction and orientation dispersion provide higher sensitivity than diffusion tensor analysis in evaluating hMSC therapy, particularly in white matter. Lastly, I expanded the analysis to evaluate diffusion kurtosis and demonstrate that the dynamics of kurtosis metrics are improved when hMSC are cultured with hypoxic pre-conditioning. These early kurtosis alterations couple with substantially altered and sustained neurite orientational changes in both ischemic and non-ischemic brain tissue following hMSC treatment that was pre-conditioned with hypoxia. As such, higher order diffusional analysis utilizing the trifecta of DTI, NODDI and DKI provides biometrics can be used to assess the efficacy of stem cell therapies in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes written by Yaoliang Tang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-02 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are at the forefront of research in two of the most high profile and funded scientific areas – cardiovascular research and stem cells. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes provides insight into the biofunction and molecular mechanisms, practical tools for research, and a look toward the clinical applications of this exciting phenomenon which is emerging as an effective diagnostic. Primarily focused on the cardiovascular applications where there have been the greatest advancements toward the clinic, this is the first compendium for clinical and biomedical researchers who are interested in integrating MSC-derived exosomes as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Introduces the MSC-exosome mediated cell-cell communication Covers the major functional benefits in current MSC-derived exosome studies Discusses strategies for the use of MSC-derived exosomes in cardiovascular therapies

Download or read book A Comparative Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cell IPS derived Neural Progenitor Cells and Directly Reprogrammed Neural Progenitor Cells in Treatment of Ischemic Stroke in Rats written by Daria Namestnikova and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, a variety of stem cells types have shown their potential for enhancing stroke recovery. In this study we compared therapeutic effects of three different types of human stem cellsu2013human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), induced pluripotent stem cell-derived progenitor cells (iNPCs), directly reprogrammed neural progenitor cells from human bone marrow MSCs (dr NPCs)u2013in treatment of ischemic stroke in rats.Male Wistar rats 24h after 90 minutes MCAO were transplanted intra-arterial with saline (n=15) or different stem cells types (5x105 in 1 ml): MSCs isolated from human placenta (n=15), NPCs differentiated from iPS (n=10) and NPCs directly reprogrammed from human bone marrow MSCs (n=10) without genetic engineering techniques. For evaluation of therapeutic effects and infarct volume behavioral test and 7T-MRI and were performed at 1d, 7d, 14d after MCAO (before histology). The improvement of neurological deficit already after 7d were observed after transplantation of iNPCs, drNPC and MCSs. Reduction of stroke volume were observed after administration of iNPCs, drNPC only. Despite prominent therapeutic effects drNPC have great advantage u2013 preparation protocol without requirement of viral integration. Transplantation of MSCs resulted in the best reduction of vasogenic edema and increased of survival rate, together with good functional recovery. All stem cells types were capable to migrate through the bloodu2013brain barrier.

Download or read book Neuroinflammation in Stroke written by Ulrich Dirnagl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The successful treatment of acute stroke remains one of the major challenges in clinical medicine. Over the last decades, the understanding of stroke pathophysiology has greatly improved, while the therapeutic options in stroke therapy remain very limited. Today, hyperacute mechanisms of damage, such as excitotoxicity, can be discriminated from delayed ones, such as inflammation and apoptosis. Targeting of inflammation has already been successfully applied in various stroke models, but translation into a clinically efficacious strategy has not been achieved so far. In this book, leading experts in basic cerebrovascular research as well as stroke treatment review the current evidence for and against an important role for inflammation in stroke, and explore the potential of treating or modulating inflammation in stroke therapy.

Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy written by Lucas G. Chase and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop stem cell-based therapies for difficult to treat diseases. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), appear to hold great promise in regards to a regenerative cell-based therapy for the treatment of these diseases. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are underway worldwide exploring the use of MSCs for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including bone, cartilage and tendon damage, myocardial infarction, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, critical limb ischemia and many others. MSCs were first identified by Friendenstein and colleagues as an adherent stromal cell population within the bone marrow with the ability to form clonogenic colonies in vitro. In regards to the basic biology associated with MSCs, there has been tremendous progress towards understanding this cell population’s phenotype and function from a range of tissue sources. Despite enormous progress and an overall increased understanding of MSCs at the molecular and cellular level, several critical questions remain to be answered in regards to the use of these cells in therapeutic applications. Clinically, both autologous and allogenic approaches for the transplantation of MSCs are being explored. Several of the processing steps needed for the clinical application of MSCs, including isolation from various tissues, scalable in vitro expansion, cell banking, dose preparation, quality control parameters, delivery methods and numerous others are being extensively studied. Despite a significant number of ongoing clinical trials, none of the current therapeutic approaches have, at this point, become a standard of care treatment. Although exceptionally promising, the clinical translation of MSC-based therapies is still a work in progress. The extensive number of ongoing clinical trials is expected to provide a clearer path forward for the realization and implementation of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Towards this end, reviews of current clinical trial results and discussions of relevant topics association with the clinical application of MSCs are compiled in this book from some of the leading researchers in this exciting and rapidly advancing field. Although not absolutely all-inclusive, we hope the chapters within this book can promote and enable a better understanding of the translation of MSCs from bench-to-bedside and inspire researchers to further explore this promising and quickly evolving field.

Download or read book Stem Cells From Hype to Real Hope written by Khawaja Husnain Haider and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of the bench experience of leading experts from various research labs involved in the cutting edge area of research. The authors describe the use of stem cells both as part of the combinatorial therapeutic intervention approach and as tools (disease model) during drug development, highlighting the shift from a conventional symptomatic treatment strategy to addressing the root cause of the disease process. The book is a continuum of the previously published book entitled "Stem Cells: from Drug to Drug Discovery" which was published in 2017.

Download or read book Brain Repair After Stroke written by Steven C. Cramer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-28 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.

Download or read book Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine written by Phuc Van Pham and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new series, based on a bi-annual conference and its topics, represents a major contribution to the emerging science of cancer research and regenerative medicine. Each volume brings together some of the most pre-eminent scientists working on cancer biology, cancer treatment, cancer diagnosis, cancer prevention and regenerative medicine to share information on currently ongoing work which will help shape future therapies. These volumes are invaluable resources not only for already active researchers or clinicians but also for those entering these fields, plus those in industry. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine is a proceedings volume which reflects papers presented at the 3rd bi-annual Innovations in Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Research conference; taken with its companion volume Stem Cells: Biology and Engineering it provides a complete overview of the papers from that meeting of international experts.