Download or read book Effects of Knee Brace on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Strain During Drop landing written by Gajendra Hangalur and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knee is one of the most commonly injured joint in the human body and majority of the injuries are associated with ligaments which have detrimental effects on joint's stability and function. Bracing has often been used as a prominent measure to restrain an unstable joint and for individuals with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury as a post-operative treatment measure. However, it is not known if the brace would protect the ACL of an uninjured person during dynamic activities by reducing the strain in the ACL. Primary objective of this research study was to investigate the effects of knee brace on ACL during dynamic activities. Hence a combined in-vivo/ in-vitro methodology was used to assess the influence of “CTi-Custom” knee brace on ACL strain during drop-landing activity. Motion capture was performed on the drop-landing activity of a high-risk subject with and without knee brace worn. These in-vivo kinetic and kinematic parameters were subsequently input into a biomechanical model to calculate muscle forces that span the knee joint. A hybrid surrogate knee model was prepared using cast foam shell that was wrapped around a cadaver knee specimen to form an artificial interface for mounting a custom fit knee brace during in-vitro simulation. A strain gauge was instrumented on ACL of hybrid surrogate cadaver specimen and mounted on a dynamic knee simulator, where kinematics and muscle forces were applied replicating braced and unbraced drop-landing conditions. This simulation was performed with and without the brace mounted on the cadaver knee specimen and the ACL strain was measured. Observing biomechanical model outputs it was evident that muscle forces for braced and unbraced conditions were different and the knee brace appeared to reduce the ACL antagonist muscle forces thereby dissipating energy, consequently reducing the peak GRF and the internal joint forces. The peak strain in the ACL was radically different for braced (8% strain) and unbraced (18% strain) conditions. However, when unbraced kinetics/kinematics was simulated with brace mounted on the cadaver knee, the ACL strain was not different from the unbraced condition. This enabled us to conclude that the custom fit knee braces reduce the strain in the ACL of high-risk subjects thus preventing them from potential ACL injury. However, any decrease in the ACL strain observed while wearing the brace was due to the brace altering the muscle firing pattern rather than due to the mechanical restraint offered by the brace. This reinforces previous research findings that brace affects proprioceptive feedback and alters the muscle firing pattern.
Download or read book Effects of Knee Brace On Anterior Ligament Strain During Drop Landing written by Gajendra Hangalur and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding and Preventing Noncontact ACL Injuries written by American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine and published by Human Kinetics Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grade level: 11, 12, i, s, t.
Download or read book A Systematic Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common sports-related injuries as they account for around 100,000 injuries per year. This study sought to review research on prophylactic knee bracing (PKB) for the reduction of the risk factors related to injury of the ACL. Methods: An extensive search of articles from 1990-2021 was performed with inclusion criteria of no previous ACL injury, no knee injury or surgery in the past 6 months, the use of a hinged knee brace, and use of kinetic, kinematic, and proprioceptive variables. All studies underwent a PEDro score evaluation to determine article quality. All relevant variables were then compared on a braced vs unbraced basis with further evaluation via two brace categories of fit and type. Results: Four selected articles were included in the review where kinematic, kinetic, and proprioceptive data were assessed. The custom braces led to greater improvements in mechanisms of injury than the generic counterparts. The other category, type, saw the hinged braces perform better with most kinematic and proprioceptive variables. The primary exception was knee flexion which saw one hinged brace have increased knee flexion while one saw a decrease. Additionally, the non-hinged brace saw an increase in knee flexion. Conclusion: The analysis of the results allowed for the recommendation that the current research shows the most effective bracing protocol to involve custom, hinged braces. These types of braces allowed for the greatest improvement of the factors related to mechanisms of injury for the ACL. Future research should evaluate different types of braces, varied athlete populations of different ages, and usage of consistent variables to allow a more direct comparison of braces."--Abstract.
Download or read book The Effect of Sagittal Plane Mechanics on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Strain During Jump Landing written by Ryan Bakker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important ligament in the knee. Non-contact ACL injuries are a common occurrence among athletes, leading to large financial burdens and long term physical concerns. The underlying biomechanics leading to these non-contact ACL injuries are unknown, in part due to limited experimental studies investigating the mechanics of dynamic activities. Understanding these mechanics is critical for injury prevention and risk analysis. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the underlying sagittal plane mechanics leading to increasing ACL strain during jump landing. A hybrid in-vivo/computational/in-vitro approach was used to measure ACL strain in relation to these mechanics. Motion capture was performed on ten subjects performing a single leg jump landing and both whole-body kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected. Musculoskeletal models were driven using this data to estimate the lower limb muscle forces from the jump landing. Five cadaver knee specimens were instrumented to measure ACL strain and mounted on a dynamic knee simulator. Muscle forces and sagittal plane kinematics were then applied on the cadaver specimens, dynamically recreating the activity. Strain in the anterior cruciate ligament was measured for each simulation. Bivariate correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed with both maximum ACL strain and time to maximum ACL strain with the sagittal plane mechanics measured during the motion capture. Correlation analysis found increasing ACL strain was correlated with increasing ground reaction forces, increasing body weight, decreasing hip flexion angles, increasing hip extension moments, and increasing trunk extension moments, among others. Time to max ACL strain was correlated with increasing knee flexion angles and increasing knee angle velocities. The multivariate linear regression revealed anatomical factors account for most of the variance in maximum ACL strain, but suggests landing softly by increasing joint angles and absorbing impact, are important strategies for reducing ACL strain. Time to max ACL strain regression was influenced by anatomic factors and knee velocities. An athlete may have little or no control over the anatomic factors contributing to ACL strain, but altering their landing strategy to reduce the chance of injury. The empirical relationship developed between increasing joint angles, energy absorption and ACL strain in this study could be used to estimate the relative strain between jumps and to develop training programs designed to reduce an athlete's risk of injury.
Download or read book The Effects of Functional Knee Bracing on Physical Performance in Female Athletes Post Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction During Return to Sport written by Briana Boulerice and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Background: Functional knee braces are commonly prescribed to patients after anterior cruciateligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery to reduce anterior translation of the tibia and providestability to the knee. The purpose of this literature review is to determine if functional kneebracing affects physical performance in high-impact athletes.Method: A comprehensive literature review conducted using Medline Complete, CINAHL, Cochrane Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Control Trials, SPORTDiscus, Rehab and Sports Medicine, PEDro, PTNow/apta.org, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, and NIH. Inclusion criteria required publication after 2010, history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, reconstruction using bone-to-bone patellar tendon autograft (BTBPA), and subject pool of highimpact athletes ages 19-25. Non-English literature and studies examining immobilizer or postsurgical bracing were excluded. Articles were critically appraised for internal and external validity.Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria, including 3 intervention studies, and 2 systematic reviews. Functional knee bracing increased hop distance symmetry and peak impact performance symmetry. No impact on joint position sense, the modified agility test (MAT), the vertical jump test or quadriceps function was found.Discussion/Conclusion: Prescribing functional knee braces to athletes does not have an effect on physical performance during return to sport. Prescription of a functional knee brace (FKB) also increases healthcare cost. Limitations include underrepresentation of female high-impact athletes, lack of a universal definition of functional knee bracing, and poor homogeneity of graft type. Lastly, bracing may have a positive impact on athlete confidence in the return to sport period.
Download or read book The Effects of Running with a Functional Knee Brace on Lower Extremity Joint Moments of Force in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injured Subjects written by Pamela Blankenship Hunter and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sports Injuries written by Mahmut Nedim Doral and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 3295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sports Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation covers the whole field of sports injuries and is an up-to-date guide for the diagnosis and treatment of the full range of sports injuries. The work pays detailed attention to biomechanics and injury prevention, examines the emerging treatment role of current strategies and evaluates sports injuries of each part of musculoskeletal system. In addition, pediatric sports injuries, extreme sports injuries, the role of physiotherapy, and future developments are extensively discussed. All those who are involved in the care of patients with sports injuries will find this textbook to be an invaluable, comprehensive, and up-to-date reference.
Download or read book A Combined In vivo in vitro Approach to Study Knee Injury Mechanism written by Preet Sabharwal and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) stabilizes the knee during various sporting activities and has great importance as the knee relies entirely on the ligaments and muscles for stabilization. The ACL commonly gets injured during sports activities such as basketball, soccer, and football. In the United States over 80,000 ACL injuries occur every year. There has been decades of research performed on ACL injuries regarding the injury mechanisms of non-contact ACL injuries, but yet they are still not well understood. This is mainly because trials and tests cannot be conducted on live subjects to understand the injury mechanisms. Existing in-vivo and in-vitro studies in the literature do not relate the effects of dynamic knee muscle forces and kinematics of sports activities with the strain in the ACL. In this thesis, in-vivo and in-vitro approaches are combined to quantify the effects of muscle group forces on ACL strain during jump landing. This is done by first obtaining muscle force profiles of the knee by performing motion capture and inputting the ground reaction forces and kinematics into a musculoskeletal model. Using the muscle forces and a six axis sagittal plane dynamic knee injury simulator the jump landing simulation can be performed. Six electromechanical actuators controlled by a multi-axis control system apply dynamic muscle forces at the insertion sites of the hamstrings, quadriceps, gastrocnemius, and a hip moment to simulate the hip flexors. The ACL strain is measured using a differential variable reluctance transducer mounted on the ACL. Our results show that the simulator is able to successfully perform jump landing. The muscle force-time profiles tracked the input very well. The ACL strain from our studies fell within a reasonable level compared to data from other studies of jump landing. This simulator has proven to be successful in simulating high-risk motions.
Download or read book A Forward Dynamics Simulation Study of Increasing Load on the Anterior Cruciate Ligament of the Knee for Young Women Performing Recreational Drop Jump Activities written by Julia Kar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common injuries incurred by both recreational and professional athletes. ACL injuries often occur during popular contact sports like basketball, football, volleyball and baseball, and non-contact activities like aerobics, jogging and running. Non-contact actions like jumping, sprinting and sidecutting that involve sudden or rapid changes in motion may lead to ACL injuries. At the instance of an injury, the knee joint muscles and ligaments typically undergo extremely high loads. The ACL, which is an integral part of the knee joint undergo high strain rates and rapid energy absorption, and consequently get injured. As has been shown by others, ACL injury is related to a number of dynamic variables of the knee joint. An important observation made in recent years is that recreational (also professional) female athletes have higher incidences of noncontact ACL injuries than males 33, 35. The primary focus of this study was to determine effects of several dynamic variables, associated with both knee and ACL, during normal recreational drop-jump activities performed by young female athletes. Subjects recruited were eleven young adult female recreational athletes who felt comfortable participating in the drop-jump activities, from heights of 30, 40 and 50 cm. Using a simulation environment to recreate the trials, changes in ACL load and strain were observed along with several dynamic variables related to ACL load and strain, among which the three most important were, 1. knee flexion, 2. knee valgus (abduction) which may be accompanied by increased internal rotation, and, 3. flexor to extensor muscle recruitment ratios, i.e., the co-contraction of flexor and extensor muscles. Observations from the above simulations formed the basis of the final step involving forward dynamic simulation, where the knee joint was subject to higher valgus by decreasing the distance between the knees (medial translation). Significant changes to ACL load and strain were seen in the added medial translation simulations compared to the simulations from the original jumps. Mean fiber strain for the additional valgus simulation increased from 8.82 ± 0.08 % to 11.82 ± 0.04 % for the right ACL and from 8.18 ± 0.08 % to 11.34 ± 0.06 % for the left. Mean ACL tensile force increased from 1058.19 ± 2.04 N to 1102.19 ± 1.86 N for the right ACL and from 1056.77 ± 12.36 N to 1099.99 ± 2.02 N for the left. Average peak (from eleven subjects) ACL tensile force increased from 1165.36 ± 123.83 N to 1197.07 ± 129.11 N for the right ACL and from 1160.64 ± 121.32 N to 1193.11 ± 130.16 N for the left.
Download or read book Greater Breast Support Reduces Common Biomechanical Risk Factors Associated with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury written by Hailey Benton Fong and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To examine the effects of breast support on trunk and knee joint biomechanics in female collegiate athletes during a double-limb landing task.Methods: Fourteen female athletes completed five landings in three different sports bra conditions: no support, low support, and high support. 3D kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded simultaneously. Visual 3D was used to calculate trunk and knee joint angles and moments. Custom software determined discrete trunk and knee joint variables. A repeated measures analysis of covariance with post-hoc t-tests compared landing biomechanics by condition.Results: Greater breast support was associated with reducation in knee flexion and knee valgus angles as well as increases in knee varus moments. Greater breast support was associated with greater trunk flexion angles at initial contact and greater peak trunk flexion angles. Conclusions: Lower levels of breast support are associated with knee joint and trunk biomechanical profiles suggested to increase ACL injury risk. .
Download or read book ACL Injuries in Female Athletes written by Robin West and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-read reference presents a succinct overview of clinically-focused topics covering the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of ACL injuries in the female athlete. Written by two professional team physicians, it provides practical, focused information for orthopaedic and sports medicine surgeons and physicians. Covers ACL injury risk factors and prevention, including biomechanics, biology, and anatomy of the female athlete. Discusses graft choices, the biology of healing, rehabilitation and return to play, future options for treatment, and more. Addresses special considerations such as pediatric ACL and revision ACL. Consolidates today’s available information and experience in this timely area into one convenient resource.
Download or read book The Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Basic Science E Book written by Chadwick Prodromos and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-12-27 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the very latest clinical and technical information on the full range of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques. Both inside the remarkably user-friendly printed version of this Expert Consult title and on its fully searchable web site, you'll find detailed coverage of hamstring, allograft and bone-tendon-bone (BTB) ACL reconstruction (including single versus double bundle techniques), and hamstring graft harvesting; plus fixation devices, rehabilitation, revision ACLR surgery, and much more! A "dream team" of ACL surgeons provides the advanced guidance you need to overcome the toughest challenges in this area. A comparison of the full range of graft options for ACL reconstruction makes it easier to choose the best approach for each patient. State-of-the-art information on the latest principles and technical considerations helps you avoid complications. ‘How to' principles of post-op rehabilitation and revision ACL surgery optimize patient outcome. Access to the full contents of the book online enables you to consult it from any computer and perform rapid searches. Also available in an upgradeable premium online version including fully searchable text PLUS timely updates.
Download or read book The Effect of Distraction on Female Lower Limb Biomechanics During a Drop Jump Landing Relevance to Preventing Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACL Injuries written by Hannah L. Price and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prevention of Noncontact ACL Injuries written by Letha Y. Griffin and published by Academy. This book was released on 2001 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important work will help you understand: the epidemiology of noncontact ACL injuries; risk factors for injuries; the "at-risk" athlete; neuromuscular prevention programs; their influence on injury rates. Supported by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, the National Athletic Trainers Association Research and Education Foundation, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, and the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation.
Download or read book Evaluation of Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Effects of Prophylactic Knee Brace Use Following Exercise written by Elora C Brenneman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of knee braces prophylactically is still considered as an approach for injury mitigation for those in high-risk sporting activities, though their use is not fully supported. The purpose of this thesis was to examine biomechanical and neuromuscular effects of prophylactic brace wear following standardized repetitive exercise. Twelve participants participated and acted as their own control. The participants were required to participate in two sessions, one control session with no brace and one intervention session with the application of a off-the-shelf prophylactic knee brace. Pre-and post-exercise intervention single leg drop landings were recorded to examine the effects of an acute exercise stimulus on the neuromuscular and biomechanical effects of brace wear. Additionally, trials were collected at 30-minutes post-exercise to examine residual effects of the brace wear on landing kinematics and kinetics. Difference tests using analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a minimal effect of the prophylactic knee brace on biomechanical and neuromuscular variables following exercise as well as 30-minutes following knee brace removal. Further research may be required to identify if braces can be worn prophylactically to reduce the risk of injury during activity.
Download or read book Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations written by Frank R. Noyes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wealth of information provided in this unique text will enable orthopedic surgeons, medical practitioners, physical therapists, and trainers to ensure that athletes who suffer anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, or who require major knee operations for other reasons, have the best possible chance of safely resuming sporting activity at their desired level without subsequent problems. Divided into seven thematic sections, the coverage is wide-ranging and encompasses common barriers to return to sport, return to sport decision-based models, and the complete spectrum of optimal treatment for ACL injuries, including preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation. Advanced training concepts are explained in detail, with description of sports-specific programs for soccer, basketball, and tennis. Readers will find detailed guidance on objective testing for muscle strength, neuromuscular function, neurocognitive function, and cardiovascular fitness, as well as validated assessments to identify and manage psychological issues. In addition, return to sport considerations after meniscus surgery, patellofemoral realignment, articular cartilage procedures, and knee arthroplasty are discussed. Generously illustrated and heavily referenced, Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations is a comprehensive resource for all medical professionals and support staff working with athletes and active patients looking to get back in the game with confidence.
