Download or read book Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid and Docosahexanoic Acid on Mortality Across Diverse Settings written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid and Docosahexanoic Acid on Mortality Across Diverse Settings Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Randomized Trials and Prospective Cohorts Nutritional Research Ser written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Volume 4 Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid and Docosahexanoic Acid on Mortality Across Diverse Settings Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Randomized Trials and Prospective Cohorts written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the seminal observation that Greenland Eskimos have lower cardiovascular disease mortality than genetically related Danes, adequate intake of fish or the fatty acids unique to fish, eicosopentanoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), have been recommended to decrease risk. Potential mechanisms for reduced cardiovascular risk included anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, antihypertensive, hypo-triglyceridemic and antiarrhythmic properties. A large body of clinical research is available to address issues related to defining a potential association or a causative link between EPA and DHA intake and clinical cardiovascular outcomes. Nonetheless, the results of several dozen prospective cohort studies and randomized trials, and several systematic reviews and meta-analyses generated from this body of work are inconsistent. In a previous systematic review we provided a qualitative synthesis of evidence from prospective cohorts and RCTs on the relationship between fish consumption and EPA and DHA intakes with cardiovascular clinical outcomes. While there was evidence that higher consumption of fish was associated with favorable clinical outcomes in cohorts, the corresponding data on EPA and DHA intakes was equivocal. On the basis of available data others concluded that for daily intakes of (combined) EPA and DHA in excess of 0.30 to 0.50 grams, the impact of EPA and DHA on cardiovascular mortality reaches a plateau, and that this could explain the different conclusions based on the data from various cohorts, or cohorts and RCTs. From this perspective, and in analogy to observations from clinical medicine, prospective cohorts and RCTs offer complementary information on the association of interest, as they refer to different intake (dose) levels and periods of observations. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from prospective cohorts and RCTs on the relationship of EPA and DHA intakes with cardiovascular or all-cause mortality. Our aim was to assess the apparent congruence of these two types of study designs and to describe how randomized intervention trials and observational studies compare in their target populations, outcome definitions and results, with the intent to defining the dose-response relationships of EPA and DHA intakes to cardiovascular and all-cause mortality across diverse settings and wide ranges of intake levels.

Download or read book Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid and Docosahexanoic Acid on Mortality Across Diverse Settings written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) intake may protect from cardiovascular or all-cause mortality. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and large prospective cohorts on the effects of EPA and DHA on cardiac, cardiovascular, or all-cause mortality. DESIGN: We conducted a systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and mixed effects dose-response meta-regression. Included were RCTs of EPA and DHA supplementation (>4 weeks of intervention, 6 grams per day) and large prospective cohorts (1000 people,>3 years of followup) quantifying DHA or EPA intake. RESULTS: In RCTs, the summary relative risks for all-cause mortality (17 trials, 51,264 patients) and cardiovascular mortality (14 trials, 48,500 patients) were 0.95 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.89, 1.01) and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83, 0.96), respectively, with no evidence for heterogeneity. The effect of DHA and EPA was not significantly associated with population or study characteristics or supplement dose. In dose-response meta-regressions, mean EPA and DHA intake up to 0.20 grams daily was associated with decreased risk of cardiac, cardiovascular, or sudden cardiac death (odds ratio 0.64 per 0.20 grams average daily intake, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.89--data from 7 cohorts, 123,122 participants), with no significant change in risk (positive or negative) at higher mean intakes. Dose-response analyses were not statistically significant for other intake thresholds or alternative mortality definitions. CONCLUSIONS: The maximal positive effect of EPA and DHA appears to plateau at a mean daily intake of 0.20 grams. There is no evidence that the effect of EPA and DHA on mortality phenotypes differs across populations and settings.

Download or read book Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.

Download or read book The Effects of Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cardiac Rhythm Antiarrhythmic Proarrhythmic Both or Neither written by George E. Billman and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cardiovascular benefits of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been actively investigated for nearly 40 years. Beginning with the pioneering studies of Bang and Dyerberg, epidemiological data provide strong evidence for an inverse relationship between fatty fish consumption and cardiac mortality. In contrast to these observational studies, interventional studies using n-3 PUFAs for the secondary prevention of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with heart disease have yielded conflicting results; some studies have reported reduced sudden cardiac death or mortality, while other more recent studies have reported either no effect or an increase in adverse cardiac events. Nevertheless, the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology continue to recommend fish oils for the secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. Based in part upon these recommendations, consumer demand for n-3 PUFA products (both nutritional supplements and foods enriched with these lipids) has exploded. In the United States alone, it has been estimated that in 2004, 5-10% of the adult U.S. population were taking a fish oil supplement, with annual sales growth of 40%. In fact, the sales of these products are projected to exceed 7 billion dollars by the end of 2011 (www.marketresearch.com, product reports). Despite the extensive marketing of fish oil products, a scientific consensus on the effects of n-3 PUFA on cardiac rhythm has yet to be reached. It is the purpose of this Research Topic to stimulate a discussion on the putative benefits of n-3 PUFAs on cardiac rhythm. Authors are invited to submit clinical, translational, or experimental research articles, reviews, and hypotheses that address the actions of n-3 PUFA (positive, negative, or neutral) on cardiac rhythm and cardiac electrophysiology. Studies that evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFA on myocyte electrical properties, atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation, and heart rate variability are particularly welcome.

Download or read book Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has clearly established a link between omega fatty acids and general health, particularly cardiovascular health. Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health, Second Edition, illustrates the importance of omega-3 fatty acids in longevity, cognitive impairment and structure and function of the brain's neurons and also the adverse effects of omega-6 fatty acids on neurological function. This book encompasses some of the most recent research on the links between omega fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on hippocampal neurogenesis, substantia nigra modulation, migraine headaches, the developing brain in animals, sleep and neurodegenerative diseases. This completely updated second edition focuses on the counterbalancing dietary and tissue omega-6 fatty acids as well as it studies the effects in pregnancy and early infancy, animal model studies and autoimmune neurological diseases. - Provides a comprehensive introduction to omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in neurological health and directions for future research - Features novel focus on the adverse effects of omega-6 fatty acids on neurological function and the counterbalancing of dietary and tissue omega-6 - Illustrates the importance of omega-3 fatty acids in longevity and cognitive impairment - Features new chapters on early effects in pregnancy and early infancy, animal model studies and autoimmune neurological diseases - Discusses links between omega fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements

Download or read book Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health written by Paramjit S. Tappia and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is unequivocal experimental, epidemiological, and clinical evidence demonstrating a correlation between diet and increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While nutritionally-poor diets can have a significant negative impact on cardiovascular health, dietary interventions with specific nutrients and/or functional foods are considered cost-effective and efficient components of prevention strategies. It has been estimated that nutritional factors may be responsible for approximately 40% of all CVD. Indeed, in one of the seminal studies conducted on modifiable risk factors and heart health (the INTERHEART study), >90% of all myocardial infarctions were attributed to preventable environmental factors with nutrition identified as one of the important determinants of CVD. There is an increasing public interest in and scientific investigation into establishing dietary approaches that can be undertaken for the prevention and treatment of CVD. This Special Issue provides an insight into the influential role of nutrition and dietary habits on cardiovascular health and disease, as well as their mechanisms of therapeutic and preventive action.

Download or read book The Uplift Project written by R. Robert Holson and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the author puts forward an agenda to enhance intelligence and longevity in humans, select animal species (including dogs, dolphins and elephants), and machines. This effort would extend over 1,000 years or 40 human generations. Enhancements of IQ and longevity in humans would involve both environmental and genetic improvements in membership IQ and longevity. The goal would be a mean IQ of 145 and an average longevity of 100 years in human Uplift Project members by the end of these 1,000 years. Given that Uplift Project members will probably at project outset have better than average IQ and life expectancy, this could involve as little as a two standard deviations increase in IQ (30 points) and one standard deviation increase in longevity (20 years) over these 1,000 years.The Uplift Project would also expand human, animal and machine membership not only across the planet, but to the moon, Mars, and space colonies.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease written by Lindsay Brown and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease" that was published in JCM

Download or read book Trends in Elevated Triglyceride in Adults United States 2001 2012 written by Margaret D. Carroll and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health written by Nathalie Bergeron and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition plays a key role in prevention of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. Diet influences a broad spectrum of cardiometabolic risk factors, notably a cluster including excess adiposity, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose metabolism and high blood pressure. In the face of the rapidly increasing incidence of obesity and diabetes, maintaining cardiometabolic health through adoption of a healthy lifestyle is a top public health priority. In this book, Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, international experts present state-of-the-art scholarly reviews of dietary and lifestyle effects on metabolic systems associated with cardiovascular health and disease. It covers a broad range of topics including biological and behavioral processes regulating food intake; lifestyle and surgical approaches to weight loss; nutritional considerations for optimal cardiometabolic health across the lifespan; the relationship of macronutrients, whole foods and dietary patterns to diabetes and cardiovascular disease; and diet as a modulator of gene expression, epigenetics and the gut microbiome and the relationship of these traits to disorders of metabolism. This book provides its readers with an authoritative view of the present state of knowledge of dietary effects on cardiometabolic health and will be of interest to nutrition and healthcare professionals alike.

Download or read book Preventive Nutrition written by Adrianne Bendich and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-01 with total page 913 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly expanded and updated fifth edition will be the largest and most comprehensive of the five editions and new topics and chapter authors have been added. The authors have created the most comprehensive and up-to-date review of the nutritional strategies available for the prevention of disease and the promotion of health through nutrition. Patients are looking for credible information from their health care providers about a whole range of subjects covered here, including ß-carotene, lycopene, antioxidants, folate, and the myriad of bioactive phytochemicals found in garlic and other foods. With sections on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and pregnancy among many others, this volume will be of great value to practicing health professionals, including physicians, nutritionists, dentists, pharmacists, dieticians, health educators, policy makers, health economists, regulatory agencies and research investigators. An entire section covers nutrition transitions around the world including Eastern Europe, Latin America and Asia as well as goals for preventive nutrition in developing countries. Preventive Nutrition: The Comprehensive Guide for Health Professionals, 5th Ed. is an important resource for thousands of health professionals who have been utilizing the previous editions since 1997.

Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.

Download or read book Molecular Basis of Nutrition and Aging written by Marco Malavolta and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Basis of Nutrition and Aging: A Volume in the Molecular Nutrition Series focuses on the nutritional issues associated with aging and the important metabolic consequences of diet, nutrition, and health. The book is subdivided into four parts that reflect the impact of nutrition from a biomolecular level to individual health. In Part One, chapters explore the general aspects of aging, aging phenotypes, and relevant aspects of nutrition related to the elderly and healthy aging. Part Two includes molecular and cellular targets of nutrition in aging, with chapters exploring lipid peroxidation, inflammaging, anabolic and catabolic signaling, epigenetics, DNA damage and repair, redox homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity, among others. Part Three looks at system-level and organ targets of nutrition in aging, including a variety of tissues, systems, and diseases, such as immune function, the cardiovascular system, the brain and dementia, muscle, bone, lung, and many others. Finally, Part Four focuses on the health effects of specific dietary compounds and dietary interventions in aging, including vitamin D, retinol, curcumin, folate, iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, selenium, iodine, vitamin B, fish oil, vitamin E, resveratrol, polyphenols, vegetables, and fruit, as well as the current nutritional recommendations. Offers updated information and a perspectives on important future developments to different professionals involved in the basic and clinical research on all major nutritional aspects of aging Explores how nutritional factors are involved in the pathogenesis of aging across body systems Investigates the molecular and genetic basis of aging and cellular senescence through the lens of the rapidly evolving field of molecular nutrition

Download or read book Eat to Beat Disease written by William W Li and published by Balance. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eat your way to better health with this New York Times bestseller on food's ability to help the body heal itself from cancer, dementia, and dozens of other avoidable diseases. Forget everything you think you know about your body and food, and discover the new science of how the body heals itself. Learn how to identify the strategies and dosages for using food to transform your resilience and health in Eat to Beat Disease. We have radically underestimated our body's power to transform and restore our health. Pioneering physician scientist, Dr. William Li, empowers readers by showing them the evidence behind over 200 health-boosting foods that can starve cancer, reduce your risk of dementia, and beat dozens of avoidable diseases. Eat to Beat Disease isn't about what foods to avoid, but rather is a life-changing guide to the hundreds of healing foods to add to your meals that support the body's defense systems, including: Plums Cinnamon Jasmine tea Red wine and beer Black Beans San Marzano tomatoes Olive oil Pacific oysters Cheeses like Jarlsberg, Camembert and cheddar Sourdough bread The book's plan shows you how to integrate the foods you already love into any diet or health plan to activate your body's health defense systems-Angiogenesis, Regeneration, Microbiome, DNA Protection, and Immunity-to fight cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative autoimmune diseases, and other debilitating conditions. Both informative and practical, Eat to Beat Disease explains the science of healing and prevention, the strategies for using food to actively transform health, and points the science of wellbeing and disease prevention in an exhilarating new direction.

Download or read book Lipid Oxidation written by Edwin N. Frankel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this second edition, Edwin Frankel has updated and extended his now well-known book Lipid oxidation which has come to be regarded as the standard work on the subject since the publication of the first edition seven years previously. His main objective is to develop the background necessary for a better understanding of what factors should be considered, and what methods and lipid systems should be employed, to achieve suitable evaluation and control of lipid oxidation in complex foods and biological systems. The oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is one of the most fundamental reactions in lipid chemistry. When unsaturated lipids are exposed to air, the complex, volatile oxidation compounds that are formed cause rancidity. This decreases the quality of foods that contain natural lipid components as well as foods in which oils are used as ingredients. Furthermore, products of lipid oxidation have been implicated in many vital biological reactions, and evidence has accumulated to show that free radicals and reactive oxygen species participate in tissue injuries and in degenerative disease. Although there have been many significant advances in this challenging field, many important problems remain unsolved. This second edition of Lipid oxidation follows the example of the first edition in offering a summary of the many unsolved problems that need further research. The need to understand lipid oxidation is greater than ever with the increased interest in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, the reformulation of oils to avoid hydrogenation and trans fatty acids, and the enormous attention given to natural phenolic antioxidants, including flavonoids and other phytochemicals.