Download or read book Effects of Dietary Energy and Animal Frame Size on Feed Intake Body Composition and Plasma Concentrations of Insulin and Leptin in Beef Steers written by Claudio Crespo Ribeiro Filho and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A digestibility trial was conducted with cattle to determine dry matter and nutrient digestibility of the dietary treatments. Steers were placed in metabolism crates for total fecal collection in a 3 x 3 Latin Rectangle design repeated twice. A feedlot trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of the animal frame size and dietary energy concentration on dry matter intake, performance, body composition, and plasma concentrations of insulin and leptin. In addition, the study compared individual observed and predicted dry matter intake by equations of Perry and Fox (1997). Thirty-six beef steers were divided into two frame sizes, large and small, and fed individually with three dietary treatments. The experimental design was a 3 x 2 factorial design. Dietary treatments were 2.4, 2.7, or 3.0 Mcal of ME/kg of DM. The steers were weighed and ultrasound images were taken each 28 days. Daily DMI, ADG, feed efficiency, fat thickness, and longissimus muscle area were measured. Blood samples were also taken to assay for plasma concentration of leptin and insulin. Diets containing higher energy density had greater dry matter and organic matter digestibility than diets with lower energy density. Frame size did not affect significantly (P>.05) DMI, ADG, and feed efficiency. Energy density of diet affected significantly (P

Download or read book Effects of Protein and Energy Intake on Body Composition and Energetic Efficiency in Beef Steers Differing in Growth Rate and Mature Size written by Carl Angelo Old and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Breed and Frame Size on Performance Body Composition Carcass Characteristics and Plasma Hormone Parameters of Steers Fed Growing and Finishing Diets written by Edward Eugene Beaver and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Animal production and animal science worldwide written by A. Rosati and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the experience of the first volume, The World Association for Animal Production (WAAP) continues the publication of the Book of the Year series for the benefit of animal scientists and policy makers in the field of livestock systems. The WAAP asked the best known and significant animal scientists in the world to contribute to the preparation of this book. Following the success of the first volume of the series, the WAAP Book of the Year 2003, many authors from the six continents are contributing to this 2nd volume. The importance of this publication is to have already established a worldwide reference for the animal science and production sectors. There are the usual four sections that raised much interest in the previous volume of the series. The first section has six articles, describing the changing conditions of livestock systems in each of the six continents. The second section has more than twenty papers, describing the development of the many sectors in which the animal science field has been divided. The third section, dealing with contemporary issues, is declared by our readers to be the most interesting. It allows participating authors to describe current and significant issues important in these last years for the animal science and production sectors. The statistics produced in the previous volume are updated and enhanced with new figures in this book to form the fourth section. The papers included in this book speak clearly of the development in the last twelve months in the livestock systems worldwide. Major space is also devoted to the list of references from where every author can start to deepen his knowledge. This book is essential for libraries that want their readers to be easily updated. Also scientists, policy makers and scientific writers, who need, to enhance their competence, to have the most practical way of knowing what is going on in the world in the field of livestock science and production will find this book of great value.

Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer program contains two levels of equations to predict requirements and energy and protein allowable production from the dietary ingredients fed and allow use of varying objectives.

Download or read book Effects of Dietary Energy Concentration and Level of Feed Intake Restriction on Performance and Cyclicity in Replacement Beef Heifers and Nutrient Digestibility in Steers and Effect of Silage Additives on Preservation Efficiency and Cattle Performance written by Ronald V. Pope and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commencement written by Iowa State University and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influence of Dietary Energy Source on in Vitro Substrate Utilization and Insulin Sensitivity of Muscle and Adipose Tissue of Beef Cattle written by Ryan D. Rhoades and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beef carcass value is influenced by the quantity and distribution of adipose tissue. Elucidation of metabolic controls of caloric partitioning between adipose depots could lead to development of production solutions that enhance beef carcass value. Historical trends in Choice and Select beef supply and short-term demand structures for Choice and Select boxed beef were explored. Recent stabilization in slaughter mix may suggest an optimum is being approached. Evaluation of short-run demand supports this premise, and suggests that Choice and Select products may not be strong substitutes. Growth-based prediction equations relating carcass traits to growth traits using ultrasound measurements as the basis of projections under different growing systems were explored. Accuracy of carcass fat predictions from growth-based equations is influenced by weight gain between ultrasound and endpoint, breed, and gender; scans out to 120 d pre-harvest may be accurate. Angus steers were used to test effects of dietary energy source on muscle and adipose tissue metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Results suggest that feeding hay limited both glucose supply and tissue capacity to increase glucose utilization in response to insulin without altering acetate conversion to fatty acids. Because subcutaneous (s.c.) adipose tissue consistently utilized more acetate and oxidized more glucose than intramuscular (i.m.), these results suggest that hay-based diets may alter i.m. adipose tissue metabolism with less impact on s.c. adipose tissue. Additionally, s.c. adipose tissue may become resistant to insulin in steers fed to an excessive s.c. fat thickness. A final experiment was designed to test the effects of dietary energy source during backgrounding and compositional endpoint on adipose tissue metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Feeding hay during backgrounding may have differential effects on tissue lipogenesis. Feeding hay increased both glucose oxidation and incorporation of acetate into fatty acids; in i.m. insulin failed to stimulate glucose conversion to lipid. As physiological maturity increases, glucose conversion to CO2 and lactate increased, but the ability of insulin to stimulate lipid synthesis from glucose may be reduced. These data provide foundation for a hypothesis regarding diet-mediated regulation of differential adipose tissue metabolism. Validation of these hypotheses could generate nutritional strategies that alter the rate and site of adipose deposition.

Download or read book The Effect of Varying Carbohydrate and Fat Levels on Body Composition of Milk Replacer fed Calves written by Jeffrey N Tikofsky and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book WAAP Book of the Year written by A. Rosati and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Animal Nutrition and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Breed and Temperament on Circulating Concentrations of Insulin like Growth Factor I IGF I and Its Relationship to Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Lisa Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a growth hormone that acts as a key modulator of the growth axis. Serum and plasma concentrations of IGF-I have been linked to economically important traits in beef cattle. In order to determine whether concentrations of IGF-I differed among breeds of beef cattle, plasma samples from purebred and crossbred animals were analyzed. Two calf crops were derived from three-breed diallel matings using temperate and tropically-adapted breeds of cattle. The breeds consisted of temperate Bos taurus (A; Angus), tropical Bos indicus (B; Brahman), and tropical Bos taurus (R; Romosinuano). Plasma samples were obtained from 10 heifers and 10 steers of each breed-type at weaning, and two dates post-weaning. Concentrations of IGF-I were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Breed differences were observed (P 0.001). Relative to the temperate Bos taurus breed, IGF-I was greater in tropically-adapted breed-types. In an effort to select for the improvement of economically important traits, experiments were performed to explore the possible use of concentration of IGF-I and temperament assessment as tools for selection. Using a Calan gate system, 3 Brahman heifer crops were fed during70-day trials. Performance and feed intake data were collected to determine feed efficiency. Temperament, determined by exit velocity and pen score, was evaluated at weaning. Serum samples were taken at weaning and days 0 and 70 of each trial. Concentrations of IGF-I and cortisol were determined by RIA. Correlations including IGF-I were weak (P 0.05). Temperament had no significant effect on RFI but may affect ADG. In an attempt to examine the relationship between IGF-I and RFI, body weight and feed intake data were collected during individual finishing phase feeding trials, on steers at El Reno, OK. The breeds consisted of temperate Bos taurus (A; Angus), tropical Bos indicus (B; Brahman), and tropical Bos taurus (R; Romosinuano). Plasma samples were obtained from 10 steers of each breed-type at weaning and days 0 and 60 of each finishing phase. Concentrations of IGF-I were determined by RIA. Correlations between IGF-I and RFI were weak (P> 0.05). Breed and year significantly influenced RFI (P

Download or read book The Effect of Changes in Body Condition on Insulin Sensitivity Leptin and Adiponectin in Horses Fed Forage only Diets written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An association between insensitivity to insulin and obesity has been reported in horses. Adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin have been identified as regulators of energy intake and an insulin-sensitizing hormone, respectively, where a positive correlation exists between adiposity and leptin, while the opposite is true for adiponectin. The nature of these relationships to obesity in horses is not fully understood, nor is there a recommended ideal level of adiposity. Therefore, this study was designed to determine how differences in body composition, achieved through differences in forage-only dietary energy intake, affect insulin sensitivity (IS), leptin and adiponectin in the horse. Seventeen mature, light-breed gelding horses, 8.0 Ã'Â" 4.6 yr, were used in this two-phase study. Prior to day 0 horses were started on grass-alfalfa mix hay cubes and fed to achieve a moderate body condition score (BCS) of 5. Horses were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: gain to lose (GL), control (C), and lose to gain (LG). Three types of cubes were fed for weight gain or loss (High Energy and Low Energy cubes, respectively), or maintenance of condition (Bale-in-a-Bag cubes) during Phase 1 (P1). Diets were reversed following day 130 when approximate target changes in BCS were observed in GL (BCS = 7) and LG (BCS = 3) treatment groups, and horses were fed to return to a BCS of 5 in Phase 2 (P2). Body weight was assessed weekly. Rump fat depth (RFD) and abdominal fat depth (AFD), BCS, IS assessed via the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC), and serum for leptin and adiponectin were collected and assessed at days 0, 65, 130, 195, and 260, and analyzed using a switch-back, repeated measures ANOVA. Parameters for each treatment group (12 horses, GL n = 3, C n = 5, LG n = 4) were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. Pearson correlations were also assessed at day 130. Mean BCS for treatment groups at day 0 was 4.8 Ã'Â" 0.1 and 5.1 Ã'Â" 0.1 at day 260. Significant changes.

Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 2214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.