Download or read book Effects of Aspect Site Species and Time on the Decomposition of Leaf Matter in an Appalachian Hardwood Forest written by Darlene Ann Mudrick and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forests and Global Change written by David A. Coomes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book synthesises recent research across temperate and tropical forest ecosystems, to present the numerous ways forests are responding to global change.
Download or read book Specific Gravity of Coarse Woody Debris for Some Central Appalachian Hardwood Forest Species written by M. B. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long Term Response of a Forest Watershed Ecosystem written by Wayne T. Swank and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-04 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A long-term study of the effects of clearcutting on forest and stream ecosystems.
Download or read book Current Advances in Ecological Environmental Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Leaf litter Decomposition of Forest and Fruit Tree Species on Soil Chemical Properties written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multi species Interactions in Northeastern Forest Ecosystems written by Tracy Blickhan Gartner and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asia Life Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Disturbance on Decomposition Processes and on Sulfur Cycling in the Northern Hardwood Forest written by Stephen Charles Nodvin and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tree Regeneration Ecology and Herbaceous Layer Dynamics of an Old growth Central Appalachian Forest written by Julia Irene Chapman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diversity and compositional dynamics in deciduous forests of eastern North America are subject to a suite of potentially interacting ecosystem drivers, including, but not limited to, anthropogenic and natural disturbances, fire, exotic species invasions, climate shifts, and environmental gradients. The structurally complex Eastern Deciduous Forest is one of the most diverse temperate ecosystems, and despite decades of ecological research, many fundamental questions regarding spatial and temporal dynamics are either hotly debated or remain unanswered. The body of work presented in this thesis is part of an ongoing long-term botanical analysis of Big Everidge Hollow, a watershed containing old-growth forest within the Lilley Cornett Woods Appalachian Research Station on the Cumberland Plateau of eastern Kentucky. The relatively pristine condition of this site has provided a unique opportunity to study forest dynamics in an area of minimal anthropogenic disturbance. The first chapter of this thesis describes changes in the floristic community that have occurred since the last floristic survey of the site in 2001. Twenty-three new species records are reported, some of which are invasive species that pose a threat to the biological integrity of the site. The second chapter examined baseline dynamics of woody understory over a decade, described the relationships between diversity and surrogate measures of productivity (density and cover), and investigated the reaction of shrub- and ground-layer vegetation to a recent fire in one portion of the study site. Decadal oak-maple dynamics in the woody understory of this old-growth stand did not fully support the hypothesized oak-to-maple dominance shift thought to be occurring in forests across eastern North America; changes in shrub- and ground-layer populations of maple (Acer spp.) were erratic while oak (Quercus spp.) populations appeared stable. Unimodal relationships between diversity and productivity surrogates were found in both woody understory layers and are likely driven by the range of environmental conditions found within the study site. Fire induced short-term changes in the shrub- and ground- layers and may have facilitated colonization of invasive species. The third chapter aimed to understand how spatial patterns of both alpha and beta diversity in the herbaceous layer relate to topography and how these relationships vary over time. Shannon diversity varied linearly with aspect and slope, but unimodally with elevation, indicating steep, mid-elevation, and south-facing plots tended to be most diverse. These relationships were persistent, but weakened slightly, through the growing season. Significant spatial species turnover occurred across topographic gradients; compositional dissimilarity tended to be greater between plots with greater differences in aspect, slope, and elevation. Full-season temporal species turnover (i.e. compositional change over time) was weakly related to aspect (linear fit) and elevation (quadratic fit; r2 = 0.09, P
Download or read book Elevation Effects on Forest Canopy Insect Herbivory in Southern Appalachian Hardwood Forests written by Barbara Foster Reynolds and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Spillover Effect Hypothesis written by Andrew Charles Eagar and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant-soil feedback, a phenomenon where plants alter their soil environment in ways that either hinder or bolster reproductive success and growth, can shape plant community composition and ecosystem function. Under negative feedback, plants induce the buildup of antagonistic soil microorganisms that reduce growth and increase mortality. This can prevent more competitive plant species from excluding less competitive community members, which promotes diversity and increases productivity. Under positive feedback, beneficial soil microorganisms that facilitate access to soil resources build up over time, increasing growth and the recruitment of progeny while lowering diversity and reducing productivity. These complex interactions between plants, their soil environment, and soil microorganisms have traditionally been studied with grass species in greenhouse environments. Due to this limited scope, there is a need to expand research into other systems such as temperate hardwood forests. In these ecosystems, trees form species-specific root symbioses with one of two distinct groups of soil fungi: arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Different tree species of each mycorrhizal type often share similar root and leaf litter traits that play direct roles in soil nutrient cycling (a.k.a., the "Mycorrhizal-Associated Nutrient Economy (MANE)" framework). Within this framework, AM tree species are hypothesized to generate rapid rates of nutrient cycling through their labile leaf litter and reliance on saprotrophic fungi for litter decomposition. Conversely, ECM tree species are hypothesized to slow nutrient cycling rates through recalcitrant leaf litter and competitive suppression of fungal saprotrophs. Given their effects on soil biogeochemistry, large individuals of either mycorrhizal type may influence the soil environment - and thus feedback potential - experienced by surrounding community members (coined "spillover effects"). However, interactions between mycorrhizas and other groups of soil fungi have not been examined in the context of plant-soil feedback. This dissertation uses the MANE framework to understand plant-soil feedback drivers and outcomes in temperate forest tree communities. My first study from four forests in Indiana shows that the diversity and relative abundance of fungal saprotrophs and plant pathogens increase with increased AM tree presence, trading off with decreases in the diversity and relative abundance of ECM fungi. These patterns were more strongly associated with tree mycorrhizal associations than soil conditions, such as pH and moisture, and were unaffected by increased nitrogen treatment. My second study from three sites in the Adirondack mountains, which represent an environmental gradient of temperature and precipitation, found that the trends observed in my first study were generally weaker in cooler, wetter environments and more prominent between individual AM trees and their surrounding community. Both chapters also identify several groups of fungi responsible for these trends. My third study tested for patterns in the spatial structure between adult and juvenile trees in AM and ECM communities consistent with negative or positive feedback outcomes, respectively. I show that adult and juvenile trees growing in AM communities are further apart from one another, suggestive of negative feedback, while those growing in ECM communities are closer together, suggesting positive feedback. Collectively, my work demonstrates that tree mycorrhizal associations can affect the soil microorganisms responsible for driving plant-soil feedback in temperate forest communities, thus influencing feedback outcomes.
Download or read book Ecology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coverage: 1982- current; updated: monthly. This database covers current ecology research across a wide range of disciplines, reflecting recent advances in light of growing evidence regarding global environmental change and destruction. Major ares of subject coverage include: Algae/lichens, Animals, Annelids, Aquatic ecosystems, Arachnids, Arid zones, Birds, Brackish water, Bryophytes/pteridophytes, Coastal ecosystems, Conifers, Conservation, Control, Crustaceans, Ecosyst em studies, Fungi, Grasses, Grasslands, High altitude environments, Human ecology, Insects, Legumes, Mammals, Management, Microorganisms, Molluscs, Nematodes, Paleo-ecology, Plants, Pollution studies, Reptiles, River basins, Soil, TAiga/tundra, Terrestrial ecosystems, Vertebrates, Wetlands, Woodlands.
Download or read book Plant Litter written by Björn Berg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the 2nd edition, there have been substantial developments in the field of litter decomposition. This fully revised and updated 3rd edition of Plant Litter reflects and discusses new findings and re-evaluates earlier ones in light of recent research and with regard to current areas of investigation. The availability of several long-term studies allows a more in-depth approach to decomposition patterns and to the later stages of decomposition, as well as to humus formation and accumulation. The latest information focuses on three fields: - the effects of manganese on decomposition and possibly on carbon sequestration, - new findings on decomposition dynamics, and - the new analytical technique using 13C-NMR.
Download or read book Effects of Forest Roads on Macroinvertebrate Soil Fauna of the Southern Appalachian Mountains written by David G. Haskell and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many forested landscapes are fragmented by roads, but our understanding of the effects of these roads on the function and diversity of the surrounding forest is in its infancy. I investigated the effect of roads in otherwise continuous forests on the macroinvertebrate fauna of the soil. I took soil samples along transects leading away from the edges of unpaved roads in the Cherokee National Forest in the Southern Appalachian mountains of the United States. Roads significantly depressed both the abundance and the richness of the macroinvertebrate soil fauna. Roads also significantly reduced the depth of the leaf-litter layer. These effects persisted up to 100 m into the forest. Wider roads and roads with more open canopies tended to produce steeper declines in abundance, richness, and leaf-litter depth, but these effects were significant only for canopy cover and litter depth. The macroinvertebrate fauna of the leaf litter plays a pivotal role in the ability of the soil to process energy and nutrients. These macroinvertebrates also provide prey for vertebrate species such as salamanders and ground-foraging birds. The effect of roads on the surrounding forest is compounded by the sprawling nature of the road system in this and many other forests. My data suggest that even relatively narrow roads through forests can produce marked edge effects that may have negative consequences for the function and diversity of the forest ecosystem.
Download or read book Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Nitrogen Deposition written by Frank S Gilliam and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite effective global-scale legislation to restrict the emissions of nitrogen (N) into the atmosphere, atmospheric deposition of N remains high in many forested regions. In addition, many N-impacted forests still retain the imprint of N saturation, such as altered species composition and leaching of essential base cations. Accordingly, we need a further understanding of the complexities of N cycling in forest ecosystems and the effects of excess N on forest biodiversity and biogeochemical cycling. This volume explores these complexities, including effects on plants, plant assemblages, and forest biogeochemistry, by synthesizing research from Asia, Europe, and North America. Because of the widespread nature of current declines in N deposition, this book ends with a look to the future as N-impacted forests experience a return to lower levels of atmospheric deposition of N.
