Download or read book Effects of acid mist on needles from mature Sitka spruce grafts Part II Influence of developmental stage age and needle morphology on visible damage written by I D (Ian) Leith and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mature grafts of five Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) clones were exposed to simulated acid mist comprising an equimolar mixture of H2SO4 and NH4NO3 (1.6 and 0.01 mol m(-3)) at pH 2.5 and 5.0. Mist was applied to potted plants growing in open-top chambers on consecutive days, four times a week, at a precipitation equivalent of 1 mm per day. The total exposure to polluted mist was equivalent to three times that measured at an upland forest in SE Scotland. The aim of the experiment was to characterize the response of juvenile foliage produced by physiologically mature grafts (on seedling root stock) and compare it with the behaviour of juvenile foliage on seedlings. Development of visible foliar damage was followed through the growing season. Measurements of needle length, diameter, weight, surface area, surface wax weight and wettability were made on current year needles to determine whether particular foliar characteristics increased susceptibility to injury. Significant amounts ( > 10%) of visible needle damage was observed on only one of the five clones. Damage was most severe on the clone with the most horizontal branch and needle habit, but over the five clones there was no relationship between angle of branch display and damage. Likewise no combination of needle characteristics (length, width, area, amount of wax) was indicative of potential susceptibility. A comparison with previous acid misting experiments using seedlings suggests that juvenile foliage on physiologically mature trees is equally susceptible to visible injury as juvenile seedling foliage. Date of budburst differed among clones, and in this experiment exerted the over-riding influence on development of injury symptoms. Foliage exposed to a combination of strong acidity and high sulphate concentrations over the few weeks immediately following budburst suffered most visible injury. The absence of significant amounts of visible damage in UK forests probably reflects the general low su.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Environmental Science written by K. G. Hiremath and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains articles covering a wide range of subjects of environmental science. The terrestrial section has articles on air pollution, solid waste ground water regime, western ghats, eastern ghats, mining, medicinal, plants, ethnobotany, role of pesticides, agriculture, microbial sensors, wetlands and ornithological studies. The marine environmental aspect such as mangroves, application of remote sensing, harmful algal blooms, bio-remediation, sustainable management of molluscan resources, benthic fauna, deep seabed mining and bio-fouling have been dealt in the marine environment section.

Download or read book Pollution Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indexes material from conference proceedings and hard-to-find documents, in addition to journal articles. Over 1,000 journals are indexed and literature published from 1981 to the present is covered. Topics in pollution and its management are extensively covered from the standpoints of atmosphere, emissions, mathematical models, effects on people and animals, and environmental action. Major areas of coverage include: air pollution, marine pollution, freshwater pollution, sewage and wastewater treatment, waste management, land pollution, toxicology and health, noise, and radiation.

Download or read book Crop Physiology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bioindication of Stress in Forest Trees and Forest Ecosystems written by Hojka Kraigher and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecology Environment Conservation written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report of the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biomarkers A Pragmatic Basis for Remediation of Severe Pollution in Eastern Europe written by David B. Peakall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many areas of Eastern Europe have been polluted to an extent unknown in the West. Four such sites - Kola Peninsula, northern Bohemia, upper Vistula Basin, and Katowice - have been identified and detailed accounts of the pollution at these sites are given. The current status of the use of biomarkers in hazard assessment is given by several scientists from NATO countries. Four working groups, comprising scientists working on the polluted sites and western scientists with expertise in biomarkers, examine the use of biomarkers to assess the environmental health of each of these areas and make recommendations on the future direction of remedial action in these areas.

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on visible foliar injury and needle characteristics of mature clonal grafts of Sitka spruce written by I D (Ian) Leith and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Current Advances in Ecological Environmental Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on mature grafts of Sitka spruce Part I Frost hardiness and foliar nutrient concentrations written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mature grafts of five clones of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Bong. Sarg.) were exposed to simulated acid mist composed of an equimolar mixture of sulphuric acid and ammonium nitrate at pH 2.5 and pH 5.0 in open-top chambers from May to November 1991. Treatments were applied on consecutive days, four times a week. The pH 2.5 treatment provided an overall dose three times higher than that received by forests in upland areas of Britain. Frost hardiness was assessed in November by freezing detached current year shoots at a range of temperatures and assessing the rate of electrolyte leakage Foliar nutrient concentrations were determined on the same shoots. Acid mist at pH 2.5 significantly reduced frost hardiness in four of the five clones; the temperature causing 50% shoot death (LT50) was increased by 0 to 7-degrees-C The clones varied in their level of hardiness, one clone being exceptionally frost sensitive. The frost hardiness of the frost sensitive clone was found to be less perturbed by acid mist than the hardiness of the more frost resistant clones. Mature grafts showed a smaller reduction in hardiness at an equivalent dose than that found previously with Sitka spruce seedlings. Compared with seedlings, grafts had lower absolute concentrations of foliar sulphur. Exposure to acid mist at pH 2.5 increased %S in current year foliage by

Download or read book Biological Agricultural Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 3036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 2184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on visible injury nutrients and frost hardiness in Sitka Norway and red spruce written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of acid mist on mature Sitka spruce in 1991 Interim report written by Alan Crossley and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Open top chamber and field exposure of Sitka spruce to simulated acid mist written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sitka spruce seedlings gl own in pots of compost in open-top chambers (OTCs) or outside, in an agricultural loam soil, in different years, were treated with pH 2.5 acid mist comprising an equimolar solution, of H2SO4 and NH4NO3 at 1.6 mol m(-3). The effects of rain, and frequency of acid mist applications on visible injury, nutrition and frost hardiness were evaluated in the OTC experiment. Similar evaluations were undertaken in the field where application frequency was dependent on wind-speed, rain and direct sunlight. Rain washing significantly ameliorated the effect of acid mist on frost hardiness in OTCs. In the field experiment there was no effect of acid mist treatment. Increasing the frequency of misting in OTCs for the same exposure exacerbated the detrimental effects of acid mist, causing both visible damage and further increasing the sensitivity of the acid treated trees to freezing temperatures. The results show that the treatment environment can both ameliorate and exacerbate treatment effects.

Download or read book Effects of soil chemistry on the response of potted Sitka spruce to acid mist in open top chambers written by L J (Lucy) Sheppard and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bare rooted Sitka spruce seedlings were grown in an agricultural loam, acid brown forest and a peaty forest soil in open-top chambers. Visible injury (brown lesions and necrosis) was observed after 3 weeks of treatment with pH 2.5 mist applied 4 times a week in all 3 soil types. The overall N dose, equivalent to 25 kg N ha(-1), stimulated seedling growth in the two acid forest soils but not in the base rich agricultural soil. In this soil the effect of the additional N on the available N pool was much smaller than on the more acid soils. Frost hardiness was reduced on all 3 soils. There was no relationship between hardiness (LT(50)) and N availability, foliar N or foliar S concentrations. The reduction in frost hardiness and the amount of visible injury was greatest on the most acid soil, where soil pH was significantly reduced by acid treatment. Significant effects of soil chemistry on seedling performance were also observed in the absence of acid treatment. These results suggest that results of acid mist effects studies based on plants grown in compost provide an 'incomplete' potentially misleading picture of acid mist effects on trees.