Download or read book Effects based targeting written by T. W. Beagle and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects Based Targeting Another Empty Promise written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is effects-based targeting and from where did this concept come? Is it based on a coherent theory; and, if so, has the USAF incorporated it into its doctrine and operations? Is there more yet to do? These questions form both the focus and format of this study, which examines the evolution of effects-based targeting. Specifically, this study asks how effectively has the USAF incorporated the concept of effects-based operations into its procedures for targeting and combat assessment. To answer this question, the study defines effects-based targeting, asserting that commanders should direct airpower against targets in ways that produce specific, predetermined, military, and political effects. This study explores the historical development of effects-based targeting theory and then conducts a focused comparison of four major air operations Pointblank, Linebacker II, Desert Storm, and Allied Force in order to survey US airpower's actual combat experience with regard to effects-based operations. This study determines that senior decision makers have always been interested in creating specific effects rather than simply destroying targets; however, as a whole, the USAF has been inconsistent in employing effects-based operations across the spectrum of conflict. Amen can airpower has accomplished its most significant improvements at the tactical level of war but is less reliable in creating operational and strategic effects. In a similar vein, airpower has become very effective at producing direct physical effects; and it is becoming increasingly capable of creating certain wide-spread systemic effects. Generally, though, the ability to even predict much less generate specific psychological effects remains yet a hope and may, in fact, act as a virtual ceiling on the potential of effects-based operations.
Download or read book Effects based Targeting written by Matthew Butler and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Effects Based Operations has the potential to fundamentally change the way in which the RAAF approaches targeting. It will require targeting to not only analyse and select an adversarys vulnerabilities, but more importantly to map targets, their relationships to networks and their importance to our desired campaign plan to achieve desired effects. This book examines the practical development of targeting in terms of an effects based approach through aerial campaigns in World War One, World War Two, Korea and Vietnam, the Gulf War, Kosovo and the War in Iraq. Historical and recent case studies reveal how effects-based targeting concepts were conceived, implemented, what objectives were sought, what succeeded or failed, and what lessons may be drawn from those experiences. The reader is provided with a number of key points related to effects-based targeting and how cognitive effects influence adversary decision making."-- Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Effects Based Targeting Application in Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout history, targeting in military operations has been a critical function in achieving victory on the battlefield. The process of identifying, prioritizing, and attacking targets in accordance with the commander's intent becomes even more critical in today's complex operational environment. The United States military must be able to apply effects-based targeting to capitalize on improved capabilities in operational fires and application of national resources against a dynamic, adapting enemy. This evolving method of conducting operations focuses on creating specific effects rather than focusing on military objectives. Currently, there are many different opinions within the military on the definition, application, and feasibility of effects-based targeting. This thesis defines and identifies effects-based concepts and analyzes their application during Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Applying these developing concepts to recent operations will help create a better understanding of effects-based targeting and assist leaders in conducting operations in a complex environment. (4 tables, 4 figures, 48 refs.).
Download or read book Effects based Targeting written by T. W. Beagle and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Contemporary Law of Targeting written by Ian Henderson and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Armed conflict is about using force to achieve goals. As international humanitarian law regulates the means and methods that a belligerent may adopt to achieve its goals, there will inevitably be disagreements over the interpretation of that law. As for the rules that regulate targeting, the main difficulties arise over what is a lawful target and what is proportional collateral damage. This book provides a detailed analysis of those issues. Also, a chapter is dedicated to considering how United Nations Security Council sanctioning of participation in an armed conflict might affect the range of lawful targets available to a belligerent. Finally, a process is described by which legal responsibility for targeting decisions can be assessed in a complex decision-making environment.
Download or read book Effects based Operations written by Paul K. Davis and published by Minnesota Historical Society. This book was released on 2001 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects-based operations (EBO) are defined for thismonograph as operations conceived and planned in a systems framework thatconsiders the full range of direct, indirect, and cascading effects
Download or read book Effects Based Targeting and Operational Art in the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Network Centric Warfare, Joint Vision 2010, Precision Engagement, Information Warfare, a veritable plethora of operational buzz words for the 21st century. No one can argue in these days of force reduction, the purpling of the military, limited defense budgets and metamorphosing threats, that continuous reviews of operational concepts are essential or the U.S. to remain dominant in the new millennium. One concept which has re-emerged that has value for current and future operational planning is effects based targeting or EBT. This article addresses operational scenarios and time space force factors which the operational commander currently faces, or may face in the future, and develops a doctrinal template that will support the integration of EBT in operational planning and employment. Additionally, the proposed codification of this EBT template into joint doctrine ensures operational commanders have general guidance when employing EBT in operational art.
Download or read book Joint Targeting Achieving Effects in an Uncertain Environment written by Major Michael T., Michael Ripley, US Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of targeting the enemy and his elements of power is an essential component of achieving victory in modern warfare. Targeting is an intellectual military discipline that combines rigorous scientific analysis, a deep understanding of weapons effects, and sound operational judgment into a coherent systematic process. The Joint Targeting Process is the critical linkage in translating desired effects into the actions that accomplish objectives and achieve victory. It provides military commanders a methodology to systematically generate and refine a series of options to accomplish objectives and provides solutions to defined problems. The process attempts to evaluate the merits of possible solutions to a problem using an adaptable, effects-based approach to problem solving. The current Joint Targeting Process is highly effective in prosecuting traditional kinetic targets; however, it is questionable whether the process is fully capable of addressing non-lethal, non-kinetic, and indirect means of achieving the commander's desired effects. Current targeting doctrine evolved as an alternative to the notion of attrition warfare and grew with the evolution of technology. In a conventional, linear environment, the Joint Targeting Process optimizes the use of existing capabilities to accomplish military and political objectives. In an irregular, non-linear environment however, the Joint Targeting Process has difficulty identifying targets and matching appropriate capabilities to achieve desired effects. The Joint Targeting Process provides an iterative methodology for identifying and prioritizing enemy centers of gravity and then projecting power against them. This process became an airpower-dominated, destruction-based system that derived from an attrition-based ground warfare doctrine. The process uses an airpower-optimized approach to avoid protracted ground conflicts that result in an attrition-based or exhaustion-based solution to modern conflict. The methodology of the process focuses predominantly on kinetic combat operations against nation states possessing established infrastructure and fielded forces. The Joint Targeting Process is not fully effective in the emerging Joint Operational Environment where operations occur in ungoverned territory against non-state adversaries in an environment characterized by uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. This monograph undertakes a systematic approach to evaluating the effectiveness of the Joint Targeting Process within the context of the Joint Operational Environment. To address the question of how best to apply targeting to the current operating environment, this monograph examines the genesis of the current joint targeting methodology and discusses how our current joint doctrine developed, the evolution of targeting within traditional linear warfare doctrine, and the current application of military targeting. Additionally, it examines the emerging operational environment, characterizes the relevant operational context of targeting, and discusses how that context has changed since the development of targeting doctrine. This understanding of the evolution of targeting doctrine, coupled with an accurate assessment of how commanders and planners currently apply doctrine, provides observations on the current effectiveness of systematic targeting procedures. Finally, this monograph provides an analysis of joint targeting effectiveness in the Joint Operational Environment and provides recommendations for improving joint targeting doctrine. The last section will conclude this study with a summary of the previous topics discussed and some closing thoughts on future joint targeting.
Download or read book On War written by Carl von Clausewitz and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thinking Effects written by Edward C. Mann and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air and Missile Defense and Effects Based Targeting written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impetus of this paper stems from my course of study at the Command and General Staff College and is due primarily by the faculty of the Command and General Staff College and the Air Defense Artillery Observer Controller Team from the Battle Command Training Program at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. While at the College, I gained a greater appreciation of the targeting process and the apparent lack of targeting within Air Defense Doctrine. In many discussions of the topic, I concluded that Air Defense Artillery could benefit from the inclusion of the targeting methodology into Air and Missile Defense doctrine particularly at the tactical level. The question became how to prove it. The School of Advanced Military Studies provided the opportunity to delve into the topic. My hope is the Air and Missile Defense community will consider the formal adoption of the targeting methodology. I further hope that this study will be the start of a change in Air and Missile Defense doctrine that will ultimately cause a deepening of integration and synchronization of Air and Missile Defense throughout the joint and Army fire support system. I would like to thank MAJ Elliott Bales, ADA, USA, LTC Kowalski, FA, USMC, LTC Robert Hansen, FA, USA, LTC Kevin Vallandingham, ADA, USA, LTC Jerry Scott, AV, USA, and LTC Robert Johnson, FA, USA. All of these great officers assisted and encouraged me as I conducted my research, and as I stumbled through my
Download or read book Targeting Enemy Will from the Air An Effects Based Operation in Futility written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Clausewitz introduced the concept that an enemy's power is derived from his total means plus his will to resist, a debate has centered on which is more important, the enemy's military capability or his will. Air power theorists entered this debate and have long maintained that tactical and strategic aircraft alone have war winning capability because they can strike targets deep within a nation's interior. While trying to prove the primacy of air power, airmen have searched for targeting's "holy grail"--The critical node that will bring about the enemy's collapse. For many air power advocates, this target is the enemy's will to resist. History is littered with American and coalition bombing campaigns that have used a variety of methods to directly or indirectly target enemy will. For the most part, these campaigns have been relatively unsuccessful. The Air Force and Joint Forces Command have introduced a new concept that has put a new twist on this old theme. Effects-Based Operations (EBO) has been vigorously promoted by Air Force leadership as a methodology to attack strategic targets like enemy morale. Though cloaked in different terminology, EBO has the same limitations that conspired against previous air campaigns. This paper examines some of the critical issues affecting the ability to target enemy will from the air. By analyzing some of these weaknesses, Joint Force Commanders can apply combat aircraft in a more effective manner, vice using them as a sole means of achieving operational or theater strategic objectives.
Download or read book Targeting written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time and time again in the last several decades, air and space power has proven among the most powerful of weapons in the nation's military arsenal, deciding some conflicts outright and enabling us to resolve others in the manner of our choosing. Today, air and space power can impose decisive effects anywhere on the globe at almost any time, but it has taken more than this global reach to make it the world's premier military instrument. Sound doctrine, strategy, and operational art are also required and the discipline of targeting is a vital piece of Air Force operational art. Guided by sound doctrine and strategy, targeting during conflict enables air and space power to be a decisive force in modern warfare. Targeting processes and principles that encompass the realms of information and influence can also have decisive effects upon operations other than major combat. This publication describes what targeting is and how it supports the overarching structure of air and space planning, execution, and assessment. The United States military operates according to effects-based principles, which tie planning, execution, and assessment together into an adaptive whole. Accordingly, this publication also shows why and how effects-based thinking is integral to effective targeting today. This document builds upon the foundational doctrine concepts of an effects-based approach established in Air Force Doctrine Document 2, Operations and Organization. This Air Force Doctrine Document (AFDD) establishes doctrinal guidance for planning, executing, and assessing targeting operations. This AFDD applies to the Total Force: all Air Force military and civilian personnel, including regular, Air Force Reserve Command, and Air National Guard units and members. Unless specifically stated otherwise, Air Force doctrine applies to the full range of military operations, as appropriate, from stability, security, transition, and reconstruction operations to major operations and campaigns.
Download or read book Effects Based Operations written by Edward Allen Smith and published by Dod-Ccrp. This book was released on 2002 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 fundamentally changed our security environment. The system of strategic deterrence in place since the beginning of the Cold War visibly collapsed. Now we are trying to fashion a new strategic deterrence that relies not so much on retaliation as on prevention, either stopping the terrorists outright, deterring the sponsors, or convincing them that terror cannot succeed. To help us deal with the pressing problems of the post-September 11th world, we have three ongoing technological revolutions in sensors, information technology, and weapons. These technologies can enable us to think differently about how we organize and fight. Indeed, this is what network-centric operations are about. Their true impact derives from how they are applied. Narrowly applied, they would produce more efficient attrition, yet they clearly can do much more. The concept of effects-based operations is the key to this broader role. It enables us to apply the power of the network-centric operations to the human dimension of war and to military operations across the spectrum of conflict from peace, to crisis, to war, which a new strategic deterrence demands. The broad utility of effects-based operations grows from the fact that they are focused on actions and their links to behavior, on stimulus and response, rather than on targets and damage infliction. They are applicable not only to traditional warfare, but also to military operations short of combat. Effects-based operations are coordinated sets of actions directed at shaping the behavior of friends, foes, and neutrals in peace, crisis, and war. In brief, network-centric operations are indeed a means to an end, and effects-based operations are that end.
Download or read book Countdown to Zero Day written by Kim Zetter and published by Crown. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A top cybersecurity journalist tells the story behind the virus that sabotaged Iran’s nuclear efforts and shows how its existence has ushered in a new age of warfare—one in which a digital attack can have the same destructive capability as a megaton bomb. “Immensely enjoyable . . . Zetter turns a complicated and technical cyber story into an engrossing whodunit.”—The Washington Post The virus now known as Stuxnet was unlike any other piece of malware built before: Rather than simply hijacking targeted computers or stealing information from them, it proved that a piece of code could escape the digital realm and wreak actual, physical destruction—in this case, on an Iranian nuclear facility. In these pages, journalist Kim Zetter tells the whole story behind the world’s first cyberweapon, covering its genesis in the corridors of the White House and its effects in Iran—and telling the spectacular, unlikely tale of the security geeks who managed to unravel a top secret sabotage campaign years in the making. But Countdown to Zero Day also ranges beyond Stuxnet itself, exploring the history of cyberwarfare and its future, showing us what might happen should our infrastructure be targeted by a Stuxnet-style attack, and ultimately, providing a portrait of a world at the edge of a new kind of war.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
