Download or read book Effect of Stress Anisotropy on Stiffness of Clays Using Bender Elements written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying and determination of shear wave velocity and shear modulus of clay has a considerable importance in geotechnical engineering. By concerning the real field situation, the initial shear modulus of soil is an important parameter for a variety geotechnical design applications, especially in small strain dynamics. Several methods and techniques are exists. The technique which is based on propagation of shear wave through soil sample was adopted in this study to measure shear modulus. The shear modulus was measured using a pair of bender elements installed at the top cap and pedestal of the triaxial cell. This research aims are to study variation of shear modulus and shear wave velocity with different stress consolidation (isotropic and anisotropic). The isotropic and anisotropic consolidation was conducted step by step so the variation of shear modulus can be determined. To examine the influence of deviator stress on shear modulus, a number of tests of consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests were performed both in anisotropic and isotropic conditions. There is a unique relationship between shear modulus and mean effective stress for both isotropic and anisotropic consolidated samples. It was found that no discernible effect of anisotropy of stress on the values of shear modulus even at high mean effective stress. The undrained shearing was carried out at the strain rate of 0.02 mm/min, during this steps, the elastic shear modulus was continuously recorded. The shear modulus obtained during undrained triaxial shearing exhibit similar dependency on the mean effective stress. The path of shear modulus during undrained shearing, both from isotropically and anisotropically consolidated samples generally followed the path obtained during consolidations. It implied the negligible effect of the deviator stress on shear modulus. An empirical equation was then proposed to express the shear modulus against mean effective stress for Bangkok clay.

Download or read book The Measurement of Stiffness Anisotropy in Clays with Bender Element Tests in the Triaxial Apparatus written by V. Jovicic and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper presents the results of a program of research investigating the effectiveness of bender elements when used in conjunction with the triaxial apparatus for measuring the anisotropy of small strain stiffness of fine-grained soils. Tests were carried out on both intact and reconstituted samples of London clay and on kaolin up to high stresses. The paper shows that the transverse isotropy of small-strain stiffness that commonly occurs in many soils because of a one-dimensional loading history can be fully investigated in the conventional triaxial apparatus and that London clay is an example of such a soil. The stress-induced component of anisotropy was found to be very small for axi-symmetric loading conditions common to both the appartus and the in situ state of these soils. In contrast, the inherent or structural anisotropy was much more significant and is shown to be a variable factor resulting from the plastic strain history and is not related to its natural structure. Consequently, inherent anisotropy is reversible, but the rate of change is very slow when a new regime of stresses is imposed. Inherent anisotropy of the very small strain stiffness also persists long after the plastic strains of the soil have become oriented toward the new stresses.

Download or read book Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials written by C.-K. Chung and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 1382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the international edition of the proceedings of IS-Seoul 2011, the Fifth International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, held in Seoul, South Korea, in September 2011.The book includes 7 invited lectures, as well as 158 technical papers selected from the 182 submitted. The symposium explored ideas about the complex load-deformation response in geomaterials, including laboratory methods for small and large strains; anisotropy and localization; time-dependent responses in soils; characteristics of treated, unsaturated, and natural geomaterials; applications in field methods; evaluation of field performance in geotechnical structures; and physical and numerical modeling in geomechanics. These topics were grouped under a number of main themes, including experimental investigations from very small strains to beyond failure; behavior, characterization and modeling of various geomaterials; and practical prediction and interpretation of ground response: field observation and case histories. Both the symposium and this book represent an important contribution to the exchange of advanced knowledge and ideas in geotechnical engineering and promote partnership among participants worldwide.

Download or read book Measurement of Stiffness Anisotropy in Kaolinite Using Bender Element Tests in A Floating Wall Consolidometer written by X. Kang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new floating wall consolidometer-type bender element testing system was developed to study the stiffness anisotropy of clays at applied vertical stresses up to 800 kPa. One-dimensional slurry-consolidated Georgia RP-2 kaolinite samples, prepared with 0.005 and 1 mol/l NaCl solutions, were tested in this system. A floating wall design eliminated the detrimental bending moment that acts upon the horizontally installed benders as a result of soil settlement in a traditional fixed wall setup, which significantly improved the signal quality and bender reuse. Floating wall-soil interface resistance was quantified with pulling tests. Analytical equations were then derived to calculate the wall resistance-corrected vertical effective stress. As a result, stresses applied to the soil were more accurately determined. The bender element (BE) test was used to measure kaolinite's shear wave velocity (Vs), thereby quantifying the small strain stiffness of soils. Average Vs results for RP-2 kaolinite were lower than those for other kaolinites reported in the literature. This was postulated to be primarily due to the longer and more tortuous chains of particle contacts associated with the smaller median diameter (d50 = 0.36 ?m) of RP-2 kaolinite samples. BE test results indicated that Vs increased with stress, density, and concentration. The hierarchy of Vs in three orthogonal directions (i.e., hh > hv > vh) agreed with results in the literature. It was also illustrated that Vs anisotropy increased with applied stress and decreased during unloading. In addition, a comparison was made between the BE test in the new floating wall consolidometer and the BE test in a triaxial testing setup.

Download or read book Pre failure Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials written by Jamiolkowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second of two volumes from the 1999 conference (v.1 was published in 1999) makes available the opening lecture on pre-failure behavior of soils as construction materials, as well as 24 contributions on various themes of the conference, laboratory tests, in situ tests, stress-strain behavior, applications and case histories. Some specific topics include time-dependent deformation characteristics of stiff geomaterials, boundary value problems in geotechnical engineering, and the effect of reinforcement due to choice of geogrid. There is no subject index. c. Book News Inc.

Download or read book Measurement of Gmax and Estimation of K0 of Saturated Clay Using Bender Elements in an Oedometer written by X. Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in bender element technique have made it possible to determine Gmax and estimate K0 of soils under complex loading conditions. By measuring the shear wave velocities in different shear planes, the cross anisotropy in Gmax of soil induced by axial-symmetric loading can also be determined. The shear wave velocities can also be used to estimate the horizontal earth pressure coefficient at rest K0. This paper reports on an experimental setup that uses bender elements installed in an oedometer to measure shear wave velocities in four shear planes of a saturated clay specimen under different consolidation pressures. The data is used to investigate the cross anisotropy of stiffness in clay due to a K0 stress condition. The measured Gmax is compared with the results from a commonly used empirical formula. The measured shear wave velocities on different shear planes are also used to calculate K0 of clay under different consolidation pressures and compared with results from empirical formulae. The applied stress condition includes loading, unloading, and reloading of up to 22 cycles, thus providing information to study the influence of repeated loading on Gmax and K0 of a saturated clay.

Download or read book Non linearity and Small Strain Behaviour in Lacustrine Clay written by Sophie Messerklinger and published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG. This book was released on 2006 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Geomechanics and Geotechnics of Particulate Media written by Masayuki Hyodo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microscopic re-examination of geomaterials consisting of aggregates can shed light on macroscopic behaviour, including compressibility, anisotropy, yielding, creep, cyclic liquefaction and shear rupture. As a result of this process of examination, new methods of material characterization emerge, leading to a greater degree of accuracy in the specification of new constitutive models with physically-meaningful parameters. The impetus behind this development is an increasing awareness on sustainability, leading to the more efficient use of recycled materials for geotechnical applications. The characteristics of recycled materials, such as compressibility and self-hardening, may differ significantly from those of natural materials, and it is crucial that evaluation is made from a specifically particulate perspective.

Download or read book Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials written by H. DiBenedetto and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-03 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solutions for soil engineering and soil-structure interaction problems need realistic and pertinent experimental and modelling tools. In this work, extensive developments proposed by the invited speakers of the Lyon International Symposium held in September 2003 are presented, including experimental investigations into deformation properties; laboratory, in-situ and field observation interpretations; behaviour characterisation and modelling; and case histories. The contributions include recent investigations into anisotropy and non-linearity, the effects of stress-strain-time history, ageing and time effects, yielding, failure and flow, cyclic and dynamic behaviour. In addition, advanced geotechnical testing is applied to real engineering problems, and to ways of synthesising information from a range of sources while engaging in practical site characterisation studies.

Download or read book Engineering Geology and Geological Engineering for Sustainable Use of the Earth s Resources Urbanization and Infrastructure Protection from Geohazards written by Janusz Wasowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing population growth is resulting in rapid urbanization, new infrastructure development and increasing demand for the Earth's natural resources (e.g., water, oil/gas, minerals). This, together with the current climate change and increasing impact of natural hazards, imply that the engineering geology profession is called upon to respond to new challenges. It is recognized that these challenges are particularly relevant in the developing and newly industrialized regions. The idea beyond this volume is to highlight the role of engineering geology and geological engineering in fostering sustainable use of the Earth's resources, smart urbanization and infrastructure protection from geohazards. We selected 19 contributions from across the globe (16 countries, five continents), which cover a wide spectrum of applied interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research, from geology to engineering. By illustrating a series of practical case studies, the volume offers a rather unique opportunity to share the experiences of engineering geologists and geological engineers who tackle complex problems working in different environmental and social settings. The specific topics addressed by the authors of chapters included in the volume are the following: pre-design site investigations; physical and mechanical properties of engineering soils; novel, affordable sensing technologies for long-term geotechnical monitoring of engineering structures; slope stability assessments and monitoring in active open-cast mines; control of environmental impacts and hazards posed by abandoned coal mines; assessment of and protection from geohazards (landslides, ground fracturing, coastal erosion); applications of geophysical surveying to investigate active faults and ground instability; numerical modeling of seabed deformations related to active faulting; deep geological repositories and waste disposal; aquifer assessment based on the integrated hydrogeological and geophysical investigation; use of remote sensing and GIS tools for the detection of environmental hazards and mapping of surface geology. This volume is part of the proceedings of the 1st GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2017.

Download or read book Geotechnical Modelling written by David Muir Wood and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling forms an implicit part of all engineering design but many engineers engage in modelling without consciously considering the nature, validity and consequences of the supporting assumptions. Derived from courses given to postgraduate and final year undergraduate MEng students, this book presents some of the models that form a part of the typical undergraduate geotechnical curriculum and describes some of the aspects of soil behaviour which contribute to the challenge of geotechnical modelling. Assuming a familiarity with basic soil mechanics and traditional methods of geotechnical design, this book is a valuable tool for students of geotechnical and structural and civil engineering as well as also being useful to practising engineers involved in the specification of numerical or physical geotechnical modelling.

Download or read book Geomechanics from Micro to Macro written by Kenichi Soga and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 1668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geomechanics from Micro to Macro contains 268 papers presented at the International Symposium on Geomechanics from Micro and Macro (IS-Cambridge, UK, 1-3 September 2014). The symposium created a forum for the dissemination of new advances in the micro-macro relations of geomaterial behaviour and its modelling. The papers on experimental investigati

Download or read book Pre failure Deformation Behaviour of Geomaterials written by R. J. Jardine and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 1998 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past fifteen years experimental and theoretical characterisation of the pre-failure deformation properties of geomaterials has developed enormously. In recognition of these important research developments a Geotechnique Symposium in Print (SIP) was held at the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1997. This volume brings together the nineteen Geotechnique SIP papers which summarise the recent developments in measuring and understanding the pre-failure stress-strain-time properties of natural soils, and apply this information to practical engineering problems.

Download or read book Geotechnical Engineering written by Renato Lancellotta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-07-22 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suitable for undergraduates in geotechnical engineering and for use by graduate students, this book explores not only the basics but also several advanced aspects of soil behaviour. Readers gain a good grasp of applied mechanics, testing and experimentation, and methods for observing real structures. Numerous worked examples are included, as is essential reading for students at the end of each chapter.Selected contents:1. Nature and composition of soils 2. Principles of continuum mechanics 3. Constitutive models 4. The porous medium 5. Mechanical behaviour of soils 6. Flow in porous media 7. In situ investigations 8. The collapse of soil structures 9. Performance and serviceability o

Download or read book Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering written by The Organizing Committee of the 16th ICSMGE and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2005-09-12 with total page 3742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 16th ICSMGE responds to the needs of the engineering and construction community, promoting dialog and exchange between academia and practice in various aspects of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This is reflected in the central theme of the conference 'Geotechnology in Harmony with the Global Environment'. The proceedings of the conference are of great interest for geo-engineers and researchers in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. Volume 1 contains 5 plenary session lectures, the Terzaghi Oration, Heritage Lecture, and 3 papers presented in the major project session. Volumes 2, 3, and 4 contain papers with the following topics: Soil mechanics in general; Infrastructure and mobility; Environmental issues of geotechnical engineering; Enhancing natural disaster reduction systems; Professional practice and education. Volume 5 contains the report of practitioner/academic forum, 20 general reports, a summary of the sessions and workshops held during the conference.

Download or read book Pre failure Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials written by M. Jamiolkowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterisation and Engineering Properties of Natural Soils written by T. S. Tan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume of a specialty 2-volume works contains 34 papers pertaining to the natural behaviour of diverse geomaterials found in different parts of the world. Each paper is organized along the outline: location and distribution, engineering geology, composition, state and index properties, structure, engineering properties, quality / reliability of data with reference to methods of sampling and testing, and relation to engineering problems. This extensive body of collated knowledge is integrated by three overview papers covering engineering geology, mechanical behaviour and engineering implications. Topics: Overview papers; Marine clays; Eastuarine Clays; Lacustrine clays; Stiff clays; Sands and other cohesionless soils; Residual and other tropical Soils; Weak rock.