Download or read book Effect of Selection for Certain Grain Characters on Yield in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Behari Lal and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Association of Selected Traits with Visual Selection for Yield in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Michael E. Marciniak and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual selection for grain yield may be a limiting factor in identifying superior yielding genotypes in a breeding program. This investigation was conducted (1) to compare the effectiveness of visual selection for grain yield by three selector groups representing different levels of plant breeding experience, and (2) to examine the association of selected traits with the process of evaluating plots visually for grain yield. The germplasm evaluated consisted of fifty non-segregating, diverse genotypes selected to include a wide range of expression for phenotypic characters. They were grown in solid-seeded, two-row plots with three replications in a randomized block design during 1981-1982. Data were collected on a plot basis for grain yield and twenty-two agronomic traits. Eighteen selectors were placed in three groups comprised of two plant breeders, eight graduate students, and eight summer student workers, respectively, from the Oregon State University cereal breeding program. Evaluations were made on two separate days by scoring each of the 150 plots on a scale of 1 to 5 for grain yield. The plant breeder selectors were the most successful of the three groups in discriminating both high and low yielding plots. The two best graduate student selectors were similar in ability to the plant breeders in scoring plots for high yield, although not in scoring for low yield. The remaining graduate student and summer worker selectors were generally not able to score more low and high yielding plots "correctly" than would be expected if selection were done at random. Considered individually, the most effective selectors failed to select several high yielding plots. However, when selections of the four most effective selectors were combined, only one of the twenty highest yielding plots was omitted. Results comparing trait association with actual plot grain yield and with selector scoring for plot grain yield suggested "biases" for or against certain traits. Biases for later heading and maturing plant types with wide flag leaves were common to all selector groups when visually selecting for high yield, as were earlier heading and maturing entries with narrower flag leaves when selecting for low yield. The plant breeder selectors were notable for lack of trait biases relative to other selector groups. In contrast, the summer worker selectors tended to overemphasize several spike characteristics whether selecting for high or low yield. Results suggested several other trait biases of individual selectors and selector groups.

Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Grain Yield and Related Characters in Bread Wheat T Aestivum L em Thell Under Normal and Stress Environments written by Vijaipal Singh and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stability Analysis of Yield and Yield Attributing Characters of Promising Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em thell Genotypes With CD Copy written by Vijeta Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Inheritance of Important Traits in Bread Wheat Using Diallel Analysis written by Inam Ullah and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) is one of the most important cereal grain crop of the world and is cultivated over a wide range of climatic conditions. For a successful breeding program the inheritance of yield related traits is a pre- requisite. This monograph communicates the inheritance pattern of yield and related traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using 8x8 diallel analyses. Graphical analysis revealed additive gene action for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, grains per spike, 1000 grains weight and harvest index. While over dominance gene action for flag leaf area, tillers per plant, Spike length and yield per plant. The GCA mean squares were significant for all traits except tiller per plant and yield per plant and were greater than SCA mean squares indicating the preponderance of additive genetic effects. The parents Tkb, Tat, Sarc-3 and SQ- 92 were good general combiners. The parents Tkb , Tat , Sarc-3 and SQ-92 and the specific crosses that showed high mid parent and better parent heterosis are recommended for further use in wheat breeding programmes.

Download or read book An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Selection in Early Generation Trials for Grain Yield of Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Ross Forrest Gilmour and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparison of Four Methods of Selection for the Imnprovement of Grain Yield in Winter by Spring Wheat Crosses Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Guillermo Oritiz Ferrara and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Increasing the yield potential of irrigated bread wheat Basis for physiological research at CIMMYT written by Acevedo, E. and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Possible Compensations of the Components of Grain Yield in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L as Influenced by Genotype by Environment Interactions written by David Bedoshvili and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite many investigations genotype by environment interaction remains one of the least understood factors in plant improvement. Understanding genotypic differences responsible for such interactions could assist in making more informed breeding decisions. The components of yield being less complex than grain yield per se may be useful for selection to improve adaptation of genotypes and enhance grain quality. However, the potential compensatory response among the components of yield could compromise their usefulness as selection criteria. To evaluate this aspect fifteen cultivars, including Soft White, Hard White and Hard Red wheats, were planted at three diverse locations over two growing seasons. Genotypes were ranked based on measurements for specific traits in each environment. The genotype by environment interaction for grain yield, protein concentration and hardness were investigated according to the AMMI model. Influence of environmental factors and genotype by environment interactions on associations among selected traits were determined. The results of this study showed that genotypic differences in adaptation to the Pacific Northwest and resistance to Septoria spp. were responsible for interactions for grain yield. However, no consistent patterns of response were found among the similar cultivars for quality traits. Those environments that favored expression of biomass and grain weight potential provided for enhanced performance of the adapted cultivars. The environments with suppressed biomass accumulation and grain filling interacted positively with the unadapted cultivars. A large compensatory relationship between tillering and apical growth was detected. No or low compensation was observed between grains per spike and thousand kernel weight. Two different strategies were proposed for improvement of Soft and Hard White wheat cultivars under the conditions of the Pacific Northwest. Both strategies accentuate importance of increasing biomass while maintaining harvest index. When selecting for higher yielding Soft White cultivars, plants with larger leaves, stronger stems, larger spikes and heavier grains should be emphasized. For Hard Whites - higher number of tillers and grains m−2 is desired, as they provide for harder grains with higher protein content.

Download or read book Thirty Years of Testing Winter Wheats Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell in the Western Wheat Region Interstation Correlations of Grain Yield with Vari written by F. H. McNeal and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-19 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Thirty Years of Testing Winter Wheats, Triticum Aestivum L. Em Thell., In the Western Wheat Region: Interstation Correlations of Grain Yield With Varietal Comparisons The State experiment stations of Idaho, Oregon, Utah, and Washington cooperated in growing the first regional winter wheat nurs ery in 1931, and workers in California and Montana have also contributed information to this program at various times. The Western Regional wheat-testing Program has been continued since 1931. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Effect of Cycles of Genomic Selection on Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Traits and on the Wheat Genome written by Maria Nelly Arguello Blanco and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breeders use genomic selection (GS) for rapid cycling of parents for crop improvement. GS increases efficiency of breeding by shortening the duration of breeding cycles. The effect of rapid cycling on the wheat genome is unknown. The first objective of this dissertation was to assess the effect of five rapid cycles on the wheat genome. The OSU wheat breeding program began GS with a training population (YTP) phenotyped for yield, quality, and fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance traits. This YTP was genotyped with 3972 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The phenotypes and genotypes were used to build a GS model to obtain genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV). The GEBVs of F2 plants were then used to advance plants through five cycles of GS (YC1, YC2, YC3, YC4, YC5). We assessed the impact of GS on allele frequencies, the forces driving these changes, genetic distance (GD), population differentiation (FST), and linkage disequilibrium (LD). Relative to the YTP, we found that 27% of SNP had a significant change in allele frequency, 18% SNPs were under selection, 13% changed due to genetic drift, 9.3% were undiscernible for drift or selection, and 18.5% were fixed by YC5. Genetic distance narrowed within cycle while the GD between cycles increased at a 0.02 units per cycle. The cycles differentiated from the YTP at a rate of 0.046 FST units per cycle. The YC5 was highly differentiated from the YTP with an FST value of 0.224. We found the correlation between LD matrices decreasing at -0.057 units per cycle. Overall, we found reduction in genetic diversity, increased genetic differentiation of cycles from the YTP, and changes in LD patterns over cycles. The change in the genome is not desired when implementing GS because the changes will lower the prediction accuracy as the number of cycles increases. The second objective of this dissertation was to estimate the accuracy of GS at predicting the phenotypes of lines derived from cycles of GS. Prediction accuracy is the correlation between GEVBs and observed phenotypes. We compared the prediction accuracies using three training (YTP, TP1721 and TP21) and two prediction populations (GSELPP and GDERPP). We found moderate prediction accuracies (range of -0.25 to 0.25) that varied by trait, training population, and prediction population. While the accuracies were moderate to low, there were significant differences between the top and bottom groups of GSELPP for yield and FHB resistance when they were classified by their GEBVs. This is important as breeders select lines with the best values and discard those with the worst values. Classifying the GSELPP lines using GEBVs based on the TP1721 and TP21 produced significant positive differences for yield suggesting that GS impacts yield even when accuracies are modest. An important role for GS may lie in discarding the worst lines prior to expensive field testing, rather than its ability to identify the very best lines. Breeders should use the prediction accuracies to modify their program to maximize the benefits of GS. This would include the selection of parents, crossing schemes, and field testing so program resources are used to create TPs based on past data have the greatest potential to accurately predict the future.

Download or read book Effect of Mutation and Hybridization on Variability in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell Under Normal and Salt Affected Soils written by Surat Singh Grakh and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Grain Yield and Its Components in Wheat B Triticum Aestivum L em Thell written by Satender Yadav and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparison of Selection Methods in Early Generation for Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum Linn Emend Thell written by Surender Kumar Dalal and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nature of Inheritance and Association of Time Duration and Rate of Grain Filling and Subsequent Grain Yield in Crosses of Winter and Spring Wheats Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Byung Han Choi and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of inheritance and possible associations for traits influencing earliness and grain yield were investigated using a four parent diallel of winter and spring wheat cultivars. More genetic variability was observed for the traits measured in segregating populations resulting from crosses between winter and spring type wheats in contrast to spring x spring or winter x winter crosses. The one exception was plant height where more genetic variability resulted from spring x spring crosses. Narrow sense heritability estimates were high for time and duration of heading, anthesis, grain filling and physiological maturity and for plant height. Smaller values were noted for rate of grain filling, kernel number, harvest index, tiller number, kernel weight, whole plant dry weight and grain yield. Estimates of the coefficient of heritability and the parent-offspring correlation coefficient were similar in magnitude except for the traits grain yield, tiller number, kernel weight and whole plant dry weight where large variations due to the environment were encountered. Using the Jinks-Hayman model, no maternal effects were noted nor were any nonallelic interactions observed for total duration of grain filling and lag period. The actual grain filling period was influenced to some degree by such interactions. The spring cultivars also appeared to have more dominant genes for longer total duration of grain filling and lag period. In contrast the winter parents had more dominant genes for the longer actual grain filling period. Estimates of general and specific combining ability provided similar evidence in terms of the nature of gene action. Both additive and nonadditive gene action was present for all traits, the relative magnitudes depending on the specific trait. Based on individual combining ability effects, the winter x spring cross Yamhill x Siete Cerros would appear to provide the highest proportion of desired segregates when combining earliness and acceptable grain yield. From the direct and indirect associations of grain yield, it would appear that a shorter duration of grain filling along with a shorter lag period from heading to anthesis are important for higher rates of grain filling if negative associations between earliness and grain yield are to be avoided.

Download or read book Selection for Kernel Weight and Its Influence on Yield and Yield Components in a Simple Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Cross written by Herbert E. Damsteegt and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Daylength Insensitivity in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Farouk Ahmed Elsayed and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: