Download or read book Effect of Pleurotus Ostreatus on Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminated River Sediment written by Matthew D. Gacura and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to optimize bioremediation of Mahoning River sediment historically contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using white rot fungi. Pleurotus ostreatus grown on grain (10% v/v) was added to contaminated sediment amended with sawdust (80% v/v), with and without fungal specific nutritional nitrogen (to enhance fungal growth), and with cyclodextrin (to increase PAH availability). Sediment mixtures were incubated in the dark at 25°C for 6 weeks. Sawdust made the sediment more porous, allowed better colonization by fungi, and did not greatly increase volume. Fungal biomass, determined using fluorescent microscopy, indicated initial fungal colonization but then fungal growth was inhibited, likely by toxic metals or high moisture content in the sediment. Growth of unidentified fungi was observed, especially in treatments amended with nitrogen. Total PAH concentrations (in the order of 100 ppm), analyzed using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GCMS), and significantly decreased ~ 50-60% in all treatments, including sediment only controls within the first two weeks. Thus, aerobic degradation by native bacteria and volatilization were likely responsible for most of the observed decreases in PAH concentrations. High heterogeneity of PAHs in this historically contaminated sediment led to high variance between replicates. There was a slight decrease in 5 ring PAHs associated with sediment inoculated with P. ostreatus and also a slight decrease in total PAH concentrations associated with sediment amended with sawdust and cyclodextrin (with or without P. ostreatus). Increased nitrogen did not enhance PAH degradation. Sediment inoculated with P. ostreatus after two weeks, rather than initially, showed better fungal growth and colonization, but PAH data was not yet available. These data indicate there is great potential for bioremediation of PAH contaminated sediment conditions by stimulating indigenous bacteria under aerobic conditions followed by the addition of white rot fungi. However, further testing and optimization is still required.
Download or read book Bioaugmentation Using Pleurotus Ostreatus to Remediate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAH Contaminated River Sediment written by Gregory Bosiljcic and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the study was to determine if polyaromatic hydrocarbon degradation in historically contaminated river sediment could be done when treated with the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. P. ostreatus, grown on barley, was added to sediment with various amendments and controls, and incubated in triplicate at 25 °C for 42 days. Treatments included sawdust, shredded newspaper, a nitrogen source, and cyclodextrin. The most effective treatment included the addition of white-rot fungi, sawdust, nitrogen, and cyclodextrin. This treatment showed greater than 50% degradation of 9 out of the 11 PAHs with 95% degradation for benzo fluoranthene. Fungal biomass (total mycelia and metabolically active mycelia) increased in all treatments with added fungi. The greatest increase in fungal biomass appeared in the same treatment with the greatest extent of PAH degradation (from 82 ± 10 m g sediment-1 at time 0 to 374 ± 18 m g sediment-1 at 42 days). These data show that P. ostreatus is capable of colonizing highly contaminated Mahoning River sediment and degrading the PAHs present. With better optimization of amendments, this approach shows potential for remediating historically contaminated river sediment.
Download or read book Microbial Community Structure by Fatty Acid Analysis During Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation in River Sediment Augmented with Pleurotus Ostreatus written by Sarala Kumari Sajja and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was conducted to determine changes in the microbial community in contaminated sediment during fungal remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated Mahoning River sediment. The fungus used for remediation was Pleurotus ostreatus, white rot fungi which is capable of degrading a wide range of organic contaminants including PAHs. Microbial community structure was determined using fatty acid profiles from microbial lipids extracted directly from the sediment. Contaminated sediment was collected from Lowellville, OH and was incubated at 25 °C. There were 4 treatments (1 liter of contaminated river sediment) done in duplicate runs as follows: 1) untreated sediment, 2) sediment amended with sawdust, 3) sediment amended with sawdust and augmented with Pleurotus ostreatus and, 4) sediment amended with sawdust, augmented with Pleurotus ostreatus and amended with extra nitrogen after 21 days. At day 0, 21, and 42, lipids were extracted from each treatment (in triplicate). Microbial fatty acids were purified from the lipid extract, methylated and analyzed by GC-MS. The sediment microbial community structure showed great heterogeneity shown as high variability within triplicate samples and as differences between duplicate treatments. Groups of anaerobic bacteria (sulfate reducers and methanogens) persisted throughout the treatments, even though they were exposed to oxygen during mixing and from the surface during the incubation. The abundance of gram negative bacteria, a group of bacteria associated with PAH degradation, showed highest relative abundance on day 42. Even though the microbial structure changed, the microbial biomass (measured as lipid phosphate) remained consistent between triplicate samples and duplicate runs, and changed little during the incubation.
Download or read book Effects of Cyclodextrin on Extraction and Fungal Remediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon contaminated Mahoning River Sediment written by Sowmya Pabba and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bioavailability in Contaminated Soils and Sediments written by Joseph Paul Kreitinger and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Pyrene Degradation by an Enrichment Culture in River Sediments written by Marirosa Molina and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contaminated Soils Sediments and Water written by Edward J. Calabrese and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-10-01 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 9 of the series presents 38 technical papers covering a wide range of environmental issues, including Bioremediation, Chemical Oxidation, Heavy Metals, MTBE, Phytoremediation, Radiation, Regulatory and Legal issues, Remediation, Risk Based Cleanup and Site Assessment. Contributing authors are drawn from across the spectrum of interest: government agencies, academic institutions, the consulting community and industrial companies.
Download or read book Marine Microbial Bioremediation written by Anjana K Vala and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased industrialization and urbanization has polluted the marine environment, the largest ecosystem. Hence, sincere efforts must be made to decontaminate marine ecosystem for sustainable use of oceans and their bioresources. Microbial population in the marine environment plays a very crucial role in degrading, transforming and detoxifying the pollutants. This book presents contributions from leading scientists across the globe who have worked extensively on polluted marine ecosystem in removal of pollutants, mycoremediation of salinity ingressed soils, etc. This book will be useful to the scientific community, stake holders and policy makers involved in research related to environmental microbiology and marine microbiology in particular. The book will also be of benefit to the student community interested in marine microbial bioremediation.
Download or read book Microbial Biodegradation and Bioremediation written by Surajit Das and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Biodegradation and Bioremediation: Techniques and Case Studies for Environmental Pollution, Second Edition describes the successful application of microbes and their derivatives for bioremediation of potentially toxic and relatively novel compounds in the environment. Our natural biodiversity and environment is in danger due to the release of continuously emerging potential pollutants by anthropogenic activities. Though many attempts have been made to eradicate and remediate these noxious elements, thousands of xenobiotics of relatively new entities emerge every day, thus worsening the situation. Primitive microorganisms are highly adaptable to toxic environments, and can reduce the load of toxic elements by their successful transformation and remediation. This completely updated new edition presents many new technologies and techniques and includes theoretical context and case studies in every chapter. Microbial Biodegradation and Bioremediation: Techniques and Case Studies for Environmental Pollution, Second Edition serves as a single-source reference and encompasses all categories of pollutants and their applications in a convenient, comprehensive format for researchers in environmental science and engineering, pollution, environmental microbiology, and biotechnology. Describes many novel approaches of microbial bioremediation including genetic engineering, metagenomics, microbial fuel cell technology, biosurfactants and biofilm-based bioremediation Introduces relatively new hazardous elements and their bioremediation practices including oil spills, military waste water, greenhouse gases, polythene wastes, and more Provides the most advanced techniques in the field of bioremediation, including insilico approach, microbes as pollution indicators, use of bioreactors, techniques of pollution monitoring, and more Completely updated and expanded to include topics and techniques such as genetically engineered bacteria, environmental health, nanoremediation, heavy metals, contaminant transport, and in situ and ex situ methods Includes theoretical context and case studies within each chapter
Download or read book Fungi in Bioremediation written by Geoffrey M. Gadd and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-11-15 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative account of the application of fungi to the treatment of environmental pollution.
Download or read book Microbial Metabolism of Xenobiotic Compounds written by Pankaj Kumar Arora and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Xenobiotic compounds including pesticides, nitrophenols, pyridine, polycyclic aromatic compounds and polychlorinated biphenyls are widely spread in environment due to anthropogenic activities. Most of them are highly toxic to living beings due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Therefore, the removal of these compounds from environment is an essential step for environmental sustainability. Microbial remediation has emerged as an effective technology for degradation of these xenobiotic compounds as microorganisms have unique ability to utilize these compounds as their sole source of carbon and energy. The primary goal of this book is to provide detailed information of microbial degradation of many xenobiotic compounds in various microorganisms.
Download or read book Phytoremediation written by Abid A. Ansari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-19 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text details the plant-assisted remediation method, “phytoremediation”, which involves the interaction of plant roots and associated rhizospheric microorganisms for the remediation of soil and water contaminated with high levels of metals, pesticides, solvents, radionuclides, explosives, nutrients, crude oil, organic compounds and various other contaminants. Each chapter highlights and compares the beneficial and economical alternatives of phytoremediation to currently practiced soil and water removal and burial practices. This book covers state of the art approaches in Phytoremediation written by leading and eminent scientists from around the globe. Phytoremediation: Management of Environmental Contaminants, Volume 1 supplies its readers with a multidisciplinary understanding in the principal and practical approaches of phytoremediation from laboratory research to field application.
Download or read book Advances in Fisheries Biotechnology written by Pramod Kumar Pandey and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers various biotechnological research efforts and their applications in fisheries and aquaculture, especially in the area of fish breeding, health management, nutrition and culture. Application of the recent biotechnological tools, like Transcriptomics, Transgenesis, Nanotechnology, Metabolomics, RNAi and CRISPRi Technologies in the field of fisheries research are included in the book. Topics like conservation genetics for management of fishery resources are also covered in the book. It aims at addressing the growing need of the biotechnology in advancing the cause of aquaculture with a view to provide food and nutritional security to the world. This book will be of immense use to teachers, researchers, academicians, development officials and policymakers, involved in R&D of fisheries and aquaculture sectors. Also, the book serves as an additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of fisheries, marine sciences, ecology, aquaculture, and environmental sciences. The research in aquaculture biotechnology is likely to have significant impact on aquaculture and fisheries by way of supporting nutritional food security to the growing population.
Download or read book Environmental Nexus Approach written by Sartaj Ahmad Bhat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-08-29 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Nexus Approach: Management of Water, Waste, and Soil establishes linkages between environmental resources, such as water, waste, and soil, in order to facilitate sustainable management of these resources. It shows the nexus approach as a policy-relevant means of environmental management by focusing on integrated management of water, waste, and soil resources. It synthesizes interdisciplinary theory, concepts, definitions, models, and findings involved in complex global sustainability problem-solving, making it an essential guide and reference. It includes real-world examples and applications making the book accessible to a broader interdisciplinary readership. Features: Explores cutting-edge developments in the environmental nexus approach of water, waste, and soil. Introduces the key mechanisms regarding antibiotic resistance genes, microplastics, and other emerging contaminants in the water, waste, and soil nexus. Investigates the fate and behavior of heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, plastics, and pesticides in soil systems and their risk assessment. Provides insights into the latest developments, current research perspectives, technology development, critical thinking, and societal requirements of the environmental nexus between water, waste, and soil. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in environmental science and engineering, environmental engineering, and waste management.
Download or read book Rhizomicrobiome Dynamics in Bioremediation written by Vivek Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intensified agrarian and industrial activity has led to earth's soil and groundwater resources becoming polluted with hazardous materials. Bioremediation delivers a green technology using dynamics of living organisms, typically bacteria, fungi, microalgae and also plants to eliminate contaminants from ecosystem. This biological know-how is not only cost-effective compared to conventional physico-chemical approaches, but also very successful and is being employed in the field. This book focuses on important issues for several critical and common environmental pollutants, resulting in a compilation having recent updates on the bioremediation applications towards green and clean environment. This volume also describes updates on various novel approaches of bioremediation including nanotechnology, rhizomicrobiome technology, composting, metagenomics, and biosurfactants-based bioremediation. This volume is a resource for researchers, environmentalists, professionals and policy makers.
Download or read book Soil and Sediment Remediation written by Piet Lens and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil and Sediment Remediation discusses in detail a whole set of remediative technologies currently available to minimise their impact. Technologies for the treatment of soils and sediments in-situ (landfarming, bioscreens, bioventing, nutrient injection, phytoremediation) and ex-situ (landfarming, bio-heap treatment, soil suspension reactor) will be discussed. The microbiological, process technological and socio-economical aspects of these technologies will be addressed. Special attention will be given to novel biotechnological processes that utilise sulfur cycle conversions, e.g. sulfur and heavy metal removal from soils. Also the potential of phytoremediation will be highlighted. In addition, treatment schemes for the clean-up of polluted megasites, e.g. harbours and Manufactured Gaswork Plants (MGP), will be elaborated. The aim of Soil and Sediment Remediation is to introduce the reader in: the biogeochemical characteristics of soil and sediments- new techniques to study soil/sediment processes (molecular probes, microelectrodes, NMR) clean up technologies for soils polluted with organic (PAH, NAPL, solvents) or inorganic (heavy metals) pollutants- preventative and remediative strategies and technologies available in environmental engineering novel process applications and bioreactor designs for bioremediation the impact of soil pollution on society and its economic importance.
Download or read book Mycoremediation written by Harbhajan Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-11-17 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first encyclopedic examination of the application of fungi in bioremediation, this book gives an overview of the science today and covers all aspects of this multidisciplinary field. It provides a solid foundation in the fundamentals and progresses to practical applications. It features step-by-step guidance for a myriad of effective techniques to identify, select, and apply fungi towards the remediation of contaminated sites.
