Download or read book Ecosystem services assessment in selected agricultural lands in Kandy Badulla and Nuwara Eliya districts of Sri Lanka written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Lands (RDAL) project by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF), in partnership with the Government of Sri Lanka through the Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment (MMDE), aims to encourage the use of sustainable land management practices in agricultural lands in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)’s role in this project involves developing innovative financing mechanisms to promote Sustainable Land Management (SLM). In order to achieve this, IUCN has formulated an approach which is laid out in this report the Ecosystem Services Assessment in Selected Agricultural Lands in Kandy, Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts of Sri Lanka The objective of this report is to assess the ecosystem services of agricultural landscapes in the three districts (project area) Kandy, Badulla and Nuwara Eliya. By identifying the ecosystem services generated and assessing current land management practices. A rapid assessment was conducted to assess the adoption of sustainable land management practices of four agricultural land use types, identify and map the associated ecosystem services, and utilize existing frameworks and databases to quantify the ecosystem service values. A generalized valuation highlights that these ecosystem services have significant value for both society and for farmers and landowners. Therefore, identifying and implementing mechanisms to encourage farmers to adopt sustainable land management practices on their farmlands can generate both private and public values.
Download or read book Terminal evaluation of the project Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Lands in Kandy Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts in the Central Highlands written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-10-08 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Central Highlands are an important area in Sri Lanka that generates important ecosystem services for the country. However, the area suffers from land degradation and related issues. The project “Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Lands in Kandy, Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts in the Central Highlands” (GCP/SRL/063/GFF) was designed to tackle the above-mentioned challenges. The terminal evaluation found that the project generated relevant planned and unplanned outcomes including spontaneous dissemination of project models (e.g. tea smallholding productivity improvement) and demand for replication and use of Participatory Land Use Development Plans (PLUDP) as national model for village level resource planning. Positive gender results and lateral dissemination of technology and strengthened peer-to-peer learning were evaluation findings. The recommendations include: i) the project should catalyse and showcase their knowledge management, training and outreach related innovations post COVID-19; ii) future projects trying to innovate conservation approaches beyond the traditional ones should receive dedicated, embedded technical advisory support; iii) long-term and innovative financing should be embedded into sustainable land use models in project and pilot design; and iv) land use planning and development planning should be connected.
Download or read book Tropical Fruit Tree Diversity written by Bhuwon Sthapit and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-12 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Farmers have developed a range of agricultural practices to sustainably use and maintain a wide diversity of crop species in many parts of the world. This book documents good practices innovated by farmers and collects key reviews on good practices from global experts, not only from the case study countries but also from Brazil, China and other parts of Asia and Latin America. A good practice for diversity is defined as a system, organization or process that, over time and space, maintains, enhances and creates crop genetic diversity, and ensures its availability to and from farmers and other users. Drawing on experiences from a UNEP-GEF project on "Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wild and Cultivated Tropical Fruit Tree Diversity for Promoting Livelihoods, Food Security and Ecosystem Services", with case studies from India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, the authors show how methods for identifying good practices are still evolving and challenges in scaling-up remain. They identify key principles effective as a strategy for mainstreaming good practice into development efforts. Few books draw principles and lessons learned from good practices. This book fills this gap by combining good practices from the research project on tropical fruit trees with chapters from external experts to broaden its scope and relevance.
Download or read book Climate change impacts on crops in Sri Lanka written by Amarasingha, R., Marambe, B., Suriyagoda, L., Punyawardena, R., Herath, H., Jayawardena, S., Jayakody, P. et al. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-07-08 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors of Sri Lanka and is key to the livelihoodof its population. As agriculture is one of the sectors most vulnerable to climate change, a thorough understanding of its impact is critical for formulating informed and effective adaptation strategies. Climate change challenges agriculture in many ways and affects – directly or indirectly – the economy, productivity, employment and food security. Assessing the impacts of climate change on crops is fundamental for elaborating evidence-based adaptation policies and strategies, guaranteeing sustainable pathways towards intensification and adopting climate-smart agricultural practices. This report presents insights about future climate change impacts on six crops (rice, maize, green gram, big onion, chilli and potato), selected according to a wide range of criteria: contribution to gross domestic product, relevance to food security and role as staple food, importance for farming systems, social impact, effect on employment, role as animal feed, consumer preferences, contribution to the export market, climatic vulnerability/resilience, market prices and price fluctuations, and farming input requirements.
Download or read book The Fauna of Sri Lanka written by Channa N. B. Bambaradeniya and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2006 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Pesticide Usage in Up country Vegetable Farming in Sri Lanka written by M. T. Padmajani and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Building Urban Resilience written by Abhas K. Jha and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is a resource for enhancing disaster resilience in urban areas. It summarizes the guiding principles, tools, and practices in key economic sectors that can facilitate incorporation of resilience concepts into decisions about infrastructure investments and urban management that are integral to reducing disaster and climate risks.
Download or read book Review of Literature on Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology CKDu in Sri Lanka written by Andrew Noble and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2014-05-16 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manuscript undertakes a review of current published information (peer-reviewed and grey literature) on Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka. It attempts to provide an overview of the possible environmentally-induced causal factors that have been implicated in the development of the disease, and identifies the gaps in research and recommends potential areas for future research. The review specifically captures the potential role that agriculture and water resources may play as causal factors in the development of the disease, and calls for a systematic approach and stresses the need for an integrated multi-disciplinary research effort to address the problem.
Download or read book Multiple Attribute Decision Making written by Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision makers are often faced with several conflicting alternatives. How do they evaluate trade-offs when there are more than three criteria? To help people make optimal decisions, scholars in the discipline of multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) continue to develop new methods for structuring preferences and determining the correct relative weights for criteria. A compilation of modern decision-making techniques, Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications focuses on the fuzzy set approach to multiple attribute decision making (MADM). Drawing on their experience, the authors bring together current methods and real-life applications of MADM techniques for decision analysis. They also propose a novel hybrid MADM model that combines DEMATEL and analytic network process (ANP) with VIKOR procedures. The first part of the book focuses on the theory of each method and includes examples that can be calculated without a computer, providing a complete understanding of the procedures. Methods include the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), ANP, simple additive weighting method, ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, the gray relational model, fuzzy integral technique, rough sets, and the structural model. Integrating theory and practice, the second part of the book illustrates how methods can be used to solve real-world MADM problems. Applications covered in the book include: AHP to select planning and design services for a construction project TOPSIS and VIKOR to evaluate the best alternative-fuel vehicles for urban areas ELECTRE to solve network design problems in urban transportation planning PROMETEE to set priorities for the development of new energy systems, from solar thermal to hydrogen energy Fuzzy integrals to evaluate enterprise intranet web sites Rough sets to make decisions in insurance marketing Helping readers understand how to apply MADM techniques to their decision making, this book is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students as well as practitioners.
Download or read book Impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in Sri Lanka a review and preliminary vulnerability mapping written by Eriyagama, N. and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is ample evidence to suggest that Sri Lanka’s climate has already changed. However, the bigger question of national importance is what Sri Lanka’s climate will look like in 50 or 100 years and how prepared the country is to face such changes. This report reviews the status of climate change (CC) research/activities in Sri Lanka in terms of observed and projected climatic changes, their impacts on water resources and agriculture, CC mitigation and adaptation, and research needs. The study also developed a pilot level CC Vulnerability Index, which was subsequently mapped at district level. The maps indicate that typical farming districts such as Nuwara Eliya, Badulla, Moneragala, Ratnapura and Anuradhapura are the most vulnerable to CC due to their heavy reliance on primary agriculture.
Download or read book Addressing the climate change and poverty nexus written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change threatens our ability to ensure global food security, eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development. About 736 million people live in extreme poverty, and the global response to climate change today will determine how we feed future generations. By 2030, UN member countries have committed to eradicating extreme poverty and hunger for people everywhere. As ending poverty and hunger are at the heart of FAO’s work, the organization is helping countries develop and implement evidence-based pro-poor policies, strategies and programmes that promote inclusive growth and sustainable livelihoods, as well as to increase the resilience, adaptive and coping capacity of poor and vulnerable communities to climate change. In order to achieve this, FAO encourages an integrated Climate-Poverty Approach to support policy development and action by policymakers, government officials, local-level institutions, communities, researchers, and development and humanitarian agencies worldwide. The Approach has been developed with insights from many perspectives, and includes not only climate and poverty aspects, but also indigenous, gender, food security, disaster response, resilience, SIDS and coastal community perspectives, among others. With a series of policy recommendations and tools to improve the design, delivery, and results of synergies and linkages between climate mitigation and adaptation, poverty reduction and food security actions, these synergies and linkages can make significant contributions towards achieving both the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Paris Agreement targets.
Download or read book Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation written by Walter Leal Filho and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation addresses the scientific, social, political and cultural aspects of climate change in an integrated and coherent way. The multi-volume reference focuses on one of the key aspects of climate change: adaptation and how to handle its impacts on physical, biotic and human systems, analyzing the social and normative scientific concerns and presenting the tools, approaches and methods aimed at management of climate change impacts. The high-quality, interdisciplinary contributions provides state-of-the-art descriptions of the topics at hand with the collective aim of offering, for a broad readership, an authoritative, balanced and accessible presentation of the best current understanding of the nature and challenges posed by climate change. It serves not only as a valuable information source but also as a tool to support teaching and research and as help for professionals to assist in decision-making.
Download or read book Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking written by Hiroshan Hettiarachchi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic waste composting is another excellent example to demonstrate the power and the benefits of nexus thinking. Even though organic waste composting itself is not a new topic, those who want to start a new project or align an ongoing project with nexus thinking, find it difficult to gather the necessary information. With nine case studies from four continents, this book aims to fill above gap in literature. While current literature on composting is often found to be limited to either soil/agriculture sector or waste management sector, this book presents a combined point of view. This open access book starts with an introductory chapter that describes the need to bring the waste management aspects and soil nutrient management aspects of compost production into one integrated theme. The relevance of nexus thinking and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also presented in this introduction. The first three chapters after the introduction covers composting from the solid waste management and its policy aspects, taking examples from three developing countries. The next three examples are mostly about the benefits composting can provide to the soil and agriculture. These examples are also from three developing countries, but with a mixture of urban as well as rural settings. Last three chapters present more insight into the latest developments taking examples from Europe, as well as new methods adapted from the traditional styles from Africa.
Download or read book National Wetland Directory of Sri Lanka written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Getting to Work written by Jennifer L. Solotaroff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sri Lanka has shown remarkable persistence in low female labor force participation rates—at 36 percent from 2015 to 2017, compared with 75 percent for same-aged men—despite overall economic growth and poverty reduction over the past decade. The trend stands in contrast to the country’s achievements in human capital development that favor women, such as high levels of female education and low total fertility rates, as well as its status as an upper-middle-income country. This study intends to better understand the puzzle of women’s poor labor market outcomes in Sri Lanka. Using nationally representative secondary survey data—as well as primary qualitative and quantitative research—it tests three hypotheses that would explain gender gaps in labor market outcomes: (1) household roles and responsibilities, which fall disproportionately on women, and the associated sociophysical constraints on women’s mobility; (2) a human capital mismatch, whereby women are not acquiring the proper skills demanded by job markets; and (3) gender discrimination in job search, hiring, and promotion processes. Further, the analysis provides a comparison of women’s experience of the labor market between the years leading up to the end of Sri Lanka’s civil war (2006†“09) and the years following the civil war (2010†“15). The study recommends priority areas for addressing the multiple supply- and demand-side factors to improve women’s labor force participation rates and reduce other gender gaps in labor market outcomes. It also offers specific recommendations for improving women’s participation in the five private sector industries covered by the primary research: commercial agriculture, garments, tourism, information and communication technology, and tea estate work. The findings are intended to influence policy makers, educators, and employment program practitioners with a stake in helping Sri Lanka achieve its vision of inclusive and sustainable job creation and economic growth. The study also aims to contribute to the work of research institutions and civil society in identifying the most effective means of engaging more women— and their untapped potential for labor, innovation, and productivity—in Sri Lanka’s future.
Download or read book Impact of Global Changes on Mountains written by Velma I. Grover and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountain regions encompass nearly 24 percent of the total land surface of the earth and are home to approximately 12 percent of the world's population. Their ecosystems play a critical role in sustaining human life both in the highlands and the lowlands. During recent years, resource use in high mountain areas has changed mainly in response to the
Download or read book The Soils of Sri Lanka written by Ranjith B. Mapa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-16 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the soils of Sri Lanka. Including sections on the soil research history, climate, geology, geomorphology, major soil types, soil maps, soil properties, soil classification, soil fertility, land use and vegetation, soil management, soils and humans, soils and industry, and future soil issues, the book summarizes the current state of knowledge in a concise and highly reader-friendly way.
