Download or read book Ecological Studies of the European Corn Borer Lepidoptera Crambidae written by Brendon James Reardon and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transgenic, insecticidal corn hybrids (Bt corn) are a tactic for managing European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), in North America. To slow development of Bt-com resistance, an Insect Resistance Management plan requires monitoring and nearby refugia. We examined the effect of feeding diet incorporated with Cry1Ab on growth, development, and survival of Nosema-infected and uninfected O. nubilalis. Increasing concentrations of Cry1Ab in diet reduced larval growth and development rates, and this phenomenon was amplified by microsporidiosis. This work demonstrates that it is important to determine whether pathogens are present when monitoring resistance. Pheromone-baited traps are used in O. nubilalis studies. However, differences in captures may be confounded by design, location relative to a windbreak, and changes in local weather. We examined differences in captures among wing traps, bucket/funnel traps, Hartstack wire-mesh cone traps, as well as among three cone trap designs. Second, we examined the influence of cone-trap location relative to windbreaks on numbers of moths captured. Third, we examined the relationship between nightly mean air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and numbers of moths captured in cone traps. Numbers of moths captured was significantly influenced by trap design, with cone traps capturing the most moths. Under strong or moderate wind speeds, traps located leeward of windbreaks captured the most moths, but when wind speeds were light, traps not associated with windbreaks captured the most moths. Changes in numbers of moths captured on a given night were related weakly to weather. Air temperature parameters were consistently most influential in the regression models, and their relationship with moth captures was positive. Determining the appropriate distance between refugia and Bt corn, and development of mitigation-remediation strategies, requires knowledge of adult dispersal and mating behavior. We examined influences of pheromone lure, plant density, and plant species on distributions of feral and newly-emerged, laboratory-reared O. nubilalis among small-grain aggregation plots. The majority of adults did not colonize aggregation plots, suggesting that recently-eclosed adults leave their natal field and do not colonize the first aggregation sites encountered. Mass releases of laboratory-reared pupae in the field may not be a viable resistance-remediation tactic.
Download or read book An Ecological Study of the European Corn Borer with Special Reference to Its Reactions to Heat and Moisture written by George Augustus Ficht and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reproductive Isolation and Host Plant Specialization in European Corn Borer Pheromone Strains written by Ene Leppik and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present PhD study investigates the aspect of chemical ecology in the European corn borer (ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, Lepidoptera: Crambidae): pherotypes reproductive isolation and host plant specialisation.All the experiences were designed to have ecologically relevant information about the chemical signals released or perceived by ECB moth during the reproduction period. Most of the work was conducted close to natural conditions and taking into account all the behavioural traits of ECB.First we investigated what can be the chemical landscape of maize field for host-seeking ECB moth. The whole volatile blends that make up the olfactory environment of maize field biotope was identified according to the ECB oviposition behaviour (Paper I). Secondly taking into account the diel periodicity of ECB behaviour we studied the diel changes of volatile profiles released from maize plant and from maize field (Paper II). Thirdly, we studied the process of host fidelity within the ECB host plants. The volatiles released from different host plants at the time of ECB oviposition flight were identified and the oviposition behaviour was studied in wind tunnel to evidence the host plant preferences of ovipositing females (Paper III). Fourthly, we address the question on assortative mating in ECB pherotypes and we investigated the chemical signals involved in the reproductive isolation in ECB pherotypes. We focused on the male pheromone produced by hairpencils and on courtship behaviour (Paper IV).
Download or read book Insect Resistance Management written by David W. Onstad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neither pest management nor resistance management can occur with only an understanding of pest biology. For years, entomologists have understood, with their use of economic thresholds, that at least a minimal use of economics was necessary for proper integrated pest management. IRM is even more complicated and dependent on understanding and using socioeconomic factors. The new edition of Insect Resistance Management addresses these issues and much more. Many new ideas, facts and case studies have been developed since the previous edition of Insect Resistance Management published. With a new chapter focusing on Resistance Mechanisms Related to Plant-incorporated Toxins and heavily expanded revisions of several existing chapters, this new volume will be an invaluable resource for IRM researchers, practitioners, professors and advanced students. Authors in this edition include professors at major universities, leaders in the chemical and seed industry, evolutionary biologists and active IRM practitioners. This revision also contains more information about IRM outside North America, and a modeling chapter contains a large new section on uncertainty analysis, a subject recently emphasized by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The final chapter contains a section on insecticidal seed treatments. No other book has the breadth of coverage of Insect Resistance Management, 2e. It not only covers molecular to economic issues, but also transgenic crops, seed treatments and other pest management tactics such as crop rotation. Major themes continuing from the first edition include the importance of using IRM in the integrated pest management paradigm, the need to study and account for pest behavior, and the influence of human behavior and decision making in IRM. Provides insights from the history of insect resistance management (IRM) to the latest science Includes contributions from experts on ecological aspects of IRM, molecular and population genetics, economics, and IRM social issues Offers biochemistry and molecular genetics of insecticides presented with an emphasis on recent research Encourages scientists and stakeholders to implement and coordinate strategies based on local social conditions
Download or read book The European Corn Borer and Sweet Corn written by Steven Kirk Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parasitism of the European Corn Borer by Macrocentrus Grandii written by Jennifer Anne White and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatial Distribution of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia Nubilalis H bner Lepidoptera Crambidae and Response of Its Parasitoid Macrocentrus Grandii Goidanich Hymenopter Braconidae to Host Spatial Heterogeneity written by Cynthia Lee Hsu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia Nubilalis Hubn in Manitoba written by Gordon Adolphe Laurence and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological, biochemical and insecticidal studies were carried out on the European corn borer in Manitoba during 1965 and 1966. The insect has been found to be established in Manitoba and to occur as far north as Dauphin. In Manitoba it follows a predominantly univoltine pattern of development but a small number of second generation adults were caught during the summer of 1966. Development of overwintered last-instar larvae proceeds in the spring and by July the adults emerge ... Both laboratory and field studies on the effect of temperature on the rate of development of the corn borer were conducted ... A relationship between the presence of glycerol in the hemolymph lymph of last-instar larvae and their ability to withstand exposures to low temperatures was established. A build-up in glycerol and a lowering of the supercooling point coincided with the onset of low winter temperatures. Prepupae, unlike winter larvae, were very susceptible to sub-zero temperatures ... Pupae survived the freeezing process but not prolonged exposure to sub-zero temperatures. The variations with time in undercooling temperature and glycerol concentration of wet-warmed winter larvae were no different from those of dry-warmed winter larvae ... The winter mortality of corn borer larvae for 1965-66 was 12 per cent. Parathion and Sevin were equally effective in controlling corn borer damage in sweet corn. A systemic insecticide NA-10242 was found to be more effective than D.D.T. or Parathion or Sevin in controlling the corn borer.
Download or read book The European Corn Borer written by John J. Davis and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pheromone Communication in Moths written by Jeremy D. Allison and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common among moths is a mate-finding system in which females emit a pheromone that induces males to fly upwind along the pheromone plume. Since the chemical pheromone of the domesticated silk moth was identified in 1959, a steady increase in the number of moth species whose pheromone attractants have been identified now results in a rich base for review and synthesis. Pheromone Communication in Moths summarizes moth pheromone biology, covering the chemical structures used by the various lineages, signal production and perception, the genetic control of moth pheromone traits, interactions of pheromones with host-plant volatiles, pheromone dispersal and orientation, male pheromones and courtship, and the evolutionary forces that have likely shaped pheromone signals and their role in sexual selection. Also included are chapters on practical applications in the control and monitoring of pest species as well as case studies that address pheromone systems in a number of species and groups of closely allied species. Pheromone Communication in Moths is an invaluable resource for entomologists, chemical ecologists, pest-management scientists, and professionals who study pheromone communication and pest management.
Download or read book European Corn Borer written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Variation of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia Nubilalis H bner Lepidoptera Crambidae written by Lilian A. Saldanha and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology written by Michael Begon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-11 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive guide to the depth and breadth of the ecological sciences, revised and updated The revised and updated fifth edition of Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems – now in full colour – offers students and practitioners a review of the ecological sciences. The previous editions of this book earned the authors the prestigious ‘Exceptional Life-time Achievement Award’ of the British Ecological Society – the aim for the fifth edition is not only to maintain standards but indeed to enhance its coverage of Ecology. In the first edition, 34 years ago, it seemed acceptable for ecologists to hold a comfortable, objective, not to say aloof position, from which the ecological communities around us were simply material for which we sought a scientific understanding. Now, we must accept the immediacy of the many environmental problems that threaten us and the responsibility of ecologists to play their full part in addressing these problems. This fifth edition addresses this challenge, with several chapters devoted entirely to applied topics, and examples of how ecological principles have been applied to problems facing us highlighted throughout the remaining nineteen chapters. Nonetheless, the authors remain wedded to the belief that environmental action can only ever be as sound as the ecological principles on which it is based. Hence, while trying harder than ever to help improve preparedness for addressing the environmental problems of the years ahead, the book remains, in its essence, an exposition of the science of ecology. This new edition incorporates the results from more than a thousand recent studies into a fully up-to-date text. Written for students of ecology, researchers and practitioners, the fifth edition of Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems is anessential reference to all aspects of ecology and addresses environmental problems of the future.
Download or read book Flight and Mating of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia Nubilalis Hubn written by Manuel Blantran de Rozari and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Corn Borer written by Charles E. Mason and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of the Genetic Structure Variability and Gene Flow of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia Nubilalis H bner Lepidoptera Crambidae written by Jeffrey T. Krumm and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Integration of Insect Resistant Genetically Modified Crops within IPM Programs written by Jörg Romeis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-01 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect pests remain one of the main constraints to food and fiber production worldwide despite farmers deploying a range of techniques to protect their crops. Modern pest control is guided by the principles of integrated pest management (IPM) with pest resistant germplasm being an important part of the foundation. Since 1996, when the first genetically modified (GM) insect-resistant maize variety was commercialized in the USA, the area planted to insect-resistant GM varieties has grown dramatically, representing the fastest adoption rate of any agricultural technology in human history. The goal of our book is to provide an overview on the role insect-resistant GM plants play in different crop systems worldwide. We hope that the book will contribute to a more rational debate about the role GM crops can play in IPM for food and fiber production.
