Download or read book Early Effects of Manipulating Aspen Density on Lodgepole Pine Performance Aspen Sucker Production and Stand Development in the IDFxm Subzone Near Williams Lake B C written by Teresa A. Newsome and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is a common component of forests throughout interior British Columbia, particularly in north and central parts of the province. In the Cariboo-Chilcotin area of the Southern Interior Forest Region, aspen commonly regenerates along with planted and natural lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) in the Interior Douglas-fir (IDF), Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBS), Sub-Boreal Pine-Spruce (SBPS), and Interior Cedar-Hemlock (ICH) biogeoclimatic zones. Although aspen can be a strong competitor with shade-intolerant pine, maintaining a low-density aspen component within stands offers many benefits to both individual conifers and the site as a whole. Until recently, managing aspen included reducing its presence among young pine as much as possible by applying aggressive site preparation and brushing treatments. While strategies for managing mixed broadleaf-conifer stands are now changing throughout British Columbia, forest practitioners still require information about threshold levels of broadleaves that can be retained without seriously affecting conifer performance. A retrospective study to investigate the effects of aspen competition on lodgepole pine in the Cariboo region was established in 1992 and, by 1997, results were suggesting that dry-belt (IDFdk) thresholds for aspen as tall or taller than target pine were in the range of 2000-5000 stems ha-1. To investigate pine-aspen interactions further and to more clearly define thresholds for aspen retention in the Cariboo-Chilcotin dry-belt, a variable density study was established in 1998 at a site near Meldrum Creek in the IDFxm subzone. This technical report presents 4th-year results of that study.
Download or read book Early Effects of Manipulating Aspen Density and Special Arrangement on Lodgepole Pine Performance Aspen Sucker Production and Stand Development in an 11 year Old Stand in the SBPSxc Subzone of South central British Columbia written by Teresa A. Newsome and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixtures of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) regenerate naturally throughout the Sub-Boreal Pine-Spruce (SBPS), Interior Douglas-fir (IDF), Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBS), and Interior Cedar-Hemlock (ICH) zones in the Cariboo-Chilcotin area of the Southern Interior Forest Region. Due to the rapid height growth and high initial sucker densities of young aspen, these stands generally require some management at the juvenile stage to meet conifer growth objectives. Strategies designed to lessen competition from young aspen have become more complex over the past decade. In light of current understanding of the importance of broadleaf tree species to overall ecosystem health, successful management of young pine-aspen stands now requires practitioners to find a balance between removing aspen to meet lodgepole pine growth objectives and retaining as much aspen as possible to preserve the ecosystem benefits conferred by broadleaf species, reduce suckering, and reduce silviculture treatment costs. The Clusko aspen removal study, established in 2001 in an 11-year-old lodgepole pine-trembling aspen stand in the SBPSxc subzone, investigates the effects of five levels of aspen removal on target pine, neighbourhood competitive interactions, and stand development. Treatments include: (1) an untreated control; (2) complete aspen removal; broadcast retention of (3) 1000 and (4) 2500 aspen stems ha-1; and (5) a spatial treatment that removed aspen within a 1-m radius around target pine. This report presents second-year results from the Clusko River (Clusko) study.
Download or read book Effects of Variable Aspen Retention on Stand Development Aspen Sucker Production and Growth of Lodgepole Pine in the SBSdw1 Variant of South central British Columbia written by Teresa A. Newsome and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixtures of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and naturally regenerated or planted lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Wats.) occur throughout interior British Columbia. To develop effective management strategies for mixed stands where softwood timber production is the primary objective, silviculturists need information about levels of broadleaves that can be retained without seriously reducing conifer performance. They also require practical guidance on using this information to develop cost-effective treatment prescriptions. To address this topic in the Cariboo-Chilcotin, a pine-aspen competition project that includes studies in a variety of ecosystems is currently under way. In 1999, an operational trial to study the effects of variable aspen retention on stand-level lodgepole pine performance and aspen sucker production was established near McKinley Lake in the SBSdw1 variant of the Central Cariboo Forest District. The study was a co-operative undertaking by the B.C. Ministry of Forests and Weldwood of Canada, Ltd. In 2002, the study was adopted by the Silvicultural Systems Research Group of the Southern Interior Forest Region as part of the pine-aspen competition project, and objectives and methods were subsequently adapted to include the collection of long-term growth and yield and stand development data. This report summarizes fourth-year pine and aspen responses to aspen retention treatments, and provides baseline stand development information.
Download or read book Adjusting Free growing Guidance Regarding Aspen Retention in the Cariboo Chilcotin written by Teresa A. Newsome and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2008, a Working Group that included British Columbia government staff (researchers, stewardship foresters, and wildlife habitat experts), a research consultant, and industry foresters was formed in the Cariboo Region of south-central British Columbia to determine how existing research concerning conifer#x13;broadleaf competitive relationships could be used to suggest change to free-growing guidelines for that region. The objective was to adjust free-growing criteria concerning broadleaf tree presence in coniferous plantations while maintaining consistency with biological thresholds for conifer growth that had been determined by local research. ...
Download or read book British Columbia Rangeland Seeding Manual written by Allan Dobb and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Managing Ingrown Douglas fir Stands for Biodiversity Forage and Timber written by O. A. Steen and published by University of British Columbia Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Farwell Canyon project was established to explore treatment options for enhancing undergrowth vegetation cover, forage production, and tree growth in densely ingrown Douglas-fir stands of the Interior Douglas-fir very dry mild (IDFxm) biogeoclimatic subzone. Fire scar and tree age analyses along with stand structure observations suggest that many of these ingrown stands were considerably more open before European settlement. Stem reduction treatments applied to two ingrown sites in 200 included logging only (L), logging plus juvenile thinning (LT), and logging plus thinning plus underburning (LTB). No-treatment (NT) areas were also established. The logging treatment was modified from standard practices to harvest small merchantable stems and to initiate thinning of juvenile stems. The objective of this report is to compare third- and fifth-year (2003 vs. 2006) vegetation composition, forage production, and tree regeneration responses to these treatments on one site. Douglas-fir regeneration density increased in all treatments between 2003 and 2006. Cover of grasses increased substantially, due primarily to increased cover of pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens). The number of plots with bunchgrasses increased even though mean cover of bunchgrasses did not increase significantly. Shrub and forb cover remained generally low on all treatments. Biomass of combined forbs and graminoids increased significantly from 2003 to 2006 but did not differ significantly among treatments. These early results suggest that the logging treatment, with or without additional treatments, is leading to increased vascular plant cover and forage production. Tree regeneration density is still relatively low. The thinning and underburning treatments have reduced the fire hazard and prepared the stand for follow-up treatments to maintain a more open stand structure. The stand treatments applied in this study should be combined with other treatments to create various stand structures across the IDFxm landscape,corresponding to historic variability of disturbances within the IDFxm subzone.
Download or read book The Butterflies of Canada written by Ross Layberry and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1998-12-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beautifully illustrated and clearly presented, The Butterflies of Canada is an indispensable guide to all aspects of butterfly study. Butterfly collecting has long been a popular summer activity, and as the growing popularity of butterfly watching and conservatories in Ontario and British Columbia shows, butterflies are a continuing source of delight and interest to Canadians. The Butterflies of Canada is the first comprehensive guide to all the butterflies found in Canada. Based on the national butterfly collection maintained by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, it contains descriptive individual accounts for the close to three hundred butterfly species recorded in Canada, including descriptions of early stages, subspecies, and key features that help distinguish similar species. Each species of butterfly has an individual distribution map, generated from a database of more than 90,000 location records. More than just a field guide to identifying Canadian butterflies, however, The Butterflies of Canada includes chapters on Canadian geography and butterfly distribution, conservation, gardening, photography, and the history of butterfly study in Canada. It also contains new and unpublished information on the classification of butterflies, their ranges, larval food plants, abundance, flight seasons, and noteworthy habits. Thirty two colour plates provide diagnostic details for each species, and also feature butterflies in their natural habitats. There is an extensive bibliography.
Download or read book Dictionary of Natural Resource Management written by Katherine Dunster and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most up-to-date and comprehensive reference work available, Dictionary of Natural Resource Management provides a single source of definitions of natural resource management terms. It includes more than 6,000 entries, many of them illustrated and annotated, and a detailed set of appendices covering conversion factors, geological time scales, and classifications of organisms.
Download or read book The Influence of Range Practices on Waterborne Disease Organisms in Surface Water of British Columbia written by Reg F. Newman and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This problem analysis summarizes the influence of range practices on water-borne disease organisms in surface water within watersheds. The summary is based on literature reviews, case histories, and interviews. Information for the literature review was obtained primarily from scientific journals, and includes reviews and original studies. The disease-causing organisms Giardia lamblia (causing giardiasis) and Cryptosporidium parvum (causing cryptosporidiosis) are emphasized because of their importance in British Columbia.
Download or read book Competitive Effects of Trembling Aspen on Lodgepole Pine Performance in the SBS and IDF Zones of the Cariboo Chilcotin Region of South central British Columbia written by Teresa A. Newsome and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes & presents results of a retrospective study carried out between 1992 and 1999 in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region of British Columbia to quantify the effects of trembling aspen competition on lodgepole pine performance, and to identify competition indices or other measures of competition that could be used by field staff. Target pine were selected across neighbourhoods in six stands with varying densities of aspen. Data pertaining to pine size & condition, and to the size & location of aspen within a 70-inch radius of the pine were collected three times. Measurements began when the stands were seven to 12 years old. Various approaches are used to identify levels of aspen abundance when pine performance declined below acceptable levels. These include analyses of regression & correlation, tests of existing competition indices, and visual & statistical characterization of trends. Finally, conservative recommendations are made for the retention of aspen within pine stands in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region.
Download or read book Lodgepole Pine Response to Aspen Removal in Variable Radii in the SBSdw2 Variant Near Williams Lake B C written by Teresa A. Newsome and published by British Columbia, Forest Science Program. This book was released on 2004 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed forests of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) are common throughout interior British Columbia, particularly in north and central areas of the province. In the Cariboo-Chilcotin area of the Southern Interior Forest Region, aspen commonly regenerates along with planted and natural lodgepole pine in the Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBS), Interior Douglas-fir (IDF), Sub-Boreal Pine-Spruce (SBPS), and Interior Cedar-Hemlock (ICH) zones. Historically, aspen has been regarded as a "weed" that competes with conifers, but silviculturists now recognize that there are many benefits to maintaining a broadleaf component within stands. A study was established in 1994 in the SBSdw2 variant of the Cariboo-Chilcotin region of the Southern Interior Forest Region to investigate the effects of removing aspen in 50 or 100 cm radii around crop lodgepole pine versus broadcast removal or no treatment. The primary objective of the study was to assess whether the free-growing criterion (current in 1994), which specified that no overtopping vegetation could be present within a 1 m radius around crop trees, was appropriate in pine-aspen stands, or whether a 50 cm radius zone would be adequate.
Download or read book Relative Impact of Aspen Competition and Soil Factors on the Performance of Lodgepole Pine and Hybrid White Spruce in North central British Columbia written by C. DeLong and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Releasing conifers from the competition effects of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is a key focus of plantation management in sub-boreal and boreal forests, often at considerable cost. However, other factors affect early plantation performance. This study investigates the relative influence of aspen competition and soil factors on the performance of planted lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.) and hybrid white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss x engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) in north-central British Columbia. Plots were established across a gradient of natural aspen competition levels that resulted from a test of aspen control treatments at one site. Within these plots, 240 of each of the target conifer species were measured and their immediate soil and vegetative environment quantified. Regression trees and regression analysis were used to examine the importance of aspen competition relative to other factors in determining target conifer size."--Document.
Download or read book Stand Density Management Diagrams for Lodgepole Pine White Spruce and Interior Douglas fir written by Craig Farnden and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Density manipulation is one of the most powerful tools available to silviculturists to achieve a broad range of silvicultural objectives. One of the most effective methods of planning density management in even-aged stands is through the use of stand density management diagrams. These diagrams graphically depict the temporal relationships between stand density, top height, quadratic mean diameter and mean tree volume. They allow the user to develop and project crop plans through time, to determine the optimum timing of thinnings, to determine the operational feasibility of thinnings, and to contrast potential outcomes from a number of stand management regimes. The stand density management diagrams for lodgepole pine, white spruce and interior Douglas-fir in this report were derived from managed stand yield tables produced by TASS, an individual tree, distance-dependent growth model. The report describes their use in planning thinning regimes and making preliminary yield estimations.
Download or read book A Silvicultural Assessment of 10 Lodgepole Pine Stands After Partial Cutting to Reduce Susceptibility to Mountain Pine Beetle written by Roger J. Whitehead and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 15 years, selective cutting prescriptions have been applied by forest operations in southeastern British Columbia as part of a strategy to reduce landscape-level susceptibility to damage from mountain pine beetle outbreaks. The prescriptions have been applied in stands where maintenance of some mature forest cover is needed to meet management objectives for viewscapes, recreation and habitat or to hold some pine volume during periods of rising beetle activity until it is required or available for harvest. In this study, we examined 10 of these sites 5 to 14 years after harvest, and determined current stand composition and structure from direct sampling and pre- and post-treatment stand characteristics from stand reconstruction. We then related these characteristics to original treatment specifications; the volume removed during harvest and remaining on site after treatment; subsequent losses to wind, snow or bark beetle damage; current stocking status; radial growth rates of residual overstorey trees; and the nature of fuel complexes created and effects of treatment on potential fire behaviour.
Download or read book Size of Aspen Crop Trees Little Affected by Initial Sucker Density written by Ronald W. Sorensen and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Intensive Fertilization on the Foliar Nutrition and Growth of Young Lodgepole Pine Forests in the British Columbia Interior written by Robert Peter Brockley and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning in 1992, the British Columbia Ministry of Forests established a small network of lodgepole pine and interior spruce nutrient optimization research installations on representative sites within three major biogeoclimatic (BEC) zones in the British Columbia Interior. The objectives of the long-term "maximum productivity" study are to (1) compare the effects of different regimes and frequencies of repeated fertilization on the foliar nutrition, growth, and development of young interior forests, and (2) determine the effects of large nutrient additions on above- and below-ground timber and non-timber resources. This report examines the effects of repeated fertilization on foliar nutrition and tree- and stand-level growth and development over 12 years at the five lodgepole pine study sites.--Document.
Download or read book Identifying and Modelling the Spatial Distribution Dynamics of Regenerating Lodgepole Pine written by Gordon Donald Nigh and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the changes in the spatial distribution of lodgepole pine stands as regeneration proceeds. Data were collected from 29 plots established in regenerating lodgepole pine stands and remeasured two years later. Nine of these plots had sufficient ingrowth to warrant an analysis of their spatial distribution dynamics. Ripley's K(t) statistic was used to identify the spatial pattern of the trees at the initial measurement, the ingrowth trees, and the combined initial and ingrowth trees. The K(t) statistic was also employed to detect correlation between the locations of the initial and the ingrowth trees. The spatial patterns were modelled by a Poisson cluster process, a Poisson process, or a Markov point process when the trees were aggregated, random, or regularly distributed, respectively.
