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Book Dynamique    Haute Fr  quence Des Syst  mes Liquides Et Supercritiques

Download or read book Dynamique Haute Fr quence Des Syst mes Liquides Et Supercritiques written by Filippo Bencivenga and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La thèse concerne une étude expérimentale sur la dynamique microscopique dans quatre systèmes prototypes (c'est-à-dire : le Néon, l'Azote, l'Ammoniaque et l'Eau) dans leurs phases liquide et supercritique. La technique expérimentale utilisée a été la diffusion inélastique des rayons-X (IXS). Le facteur de structure dynamique cohérent, S(Q,w), a été déterminé dans une gamme de moment transférés, Q (2 - 15 nm-1), et de fréquences, w (1 - 60 THz), correspondant à les longueurs et à des temps caractéristiques de la dynamique microscopique dans le régime des nanomètres et des picosecondes. Les données expérimentales ont été interprétées dans le cadre de la théorie hydrodynamique généralisée. Ce formalisme permet d'identifier les processus de relaxation qui décrivent la dynamique microscopique du système et de fournir des valeurs quantitatives pour les temps et les forces des processus de relaxation. Il est aussi possible de déterminer des quantités macroscopiques comme la vitesse du son et la viscosité. En allant de la phase liquide à la phase supercritique, une phénoménologie commune a été qualitativement observée. Les conclusions principales sont les suivantes : (i) Un affaiblissement de la dispersion positive associée à la relaxation structurelle. (ii) Un changement dans les mécanismes principaux responsables des interactions intermoléculaires à un niveau microscopique. Dans la phase liquide les interactions intermoléculaires sont surtout des liens intermoléculaires, d'autre part, dans la phase supercritique, ces interactions sont dominées par les collisions intermoléculaires.

Book Structure et dynamique des solutions aqueuses et des fluides supercritiques

Download or read book Structure et dynamique des solutions aqueuses et des fluides supercritiques written by Abdenacer Idrissi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'analyse des propriétés structurales et dynamiques des solutions aqueuses et des fluides supercritiques a été réalisée en utilisant une approche multi-techniques. Ces différentes techniques (Spectroscopie Raman en basses fréquences, infrarouge ATR, effet Kerr résolu dans le temps, diffusion des neutrons et simulation de dynamique moléculaire) ont été utilisées afin de recueillir les informations les plus complètes possible sur les systèmes étudiés (solutions aqueuses d'urée, d'acétamide, d'acétone et d'isopropanol ainsi que le fluide supercritique CO2).L'analyse est menée en termes de fonctions de corrélations des propriétés moléculaires, et elle est construite en deux étapes: 1) On exprime la propriété sondée par la technique spectroscopique utilisée en fonction des positions et des réorientations des molécules. 2) A partir du calcul de la fonction de corrélation correspondante, on calcule les caractéristiques comme le temps de relaxation ainsi que l'amplitude associée à la propriété dynamique sondée. La compréhension du comportement de ces paramètres implique des informations sur la structure et la dynamique du système étudié. La transformée de Fourier de la fonction de corrélation donne les caractéristiques fréquentielles de la propriété dynamique sondée et permet ainsi d'analyser le spectre expérimental. Les objectifs de ces travaux concernent la compréhension des interactions intermoléculaires au niveau microscopique en relation avec les propriétés physico-chimiques des solutions aqueuses d'urée ainsi que des fluides supercritiques comme le CO2 et le C2D6. Plus spécifiquement, nous nous intéressons à : - L'effet de concentration de soluté sur la structure et la dynamique de ces solutions (agrégation des molécules de soluté, distribution orientationnelle, solvatation, anisotropie). - L'effet de l'agrégation sur les propriétés macroscopiques de ces systèmes (effet dénaturant, coefficient de diffusion, ...). - L'interprétation de spectres en basses fréquences (des solutions ainsi que des fluides supercritiques) obtenus par spectroscopie Raman et par effet Kerr optique résolu dans le temps en termes des différents mouvements (translation, rotation et réorientation).

Book Gas cooled Nuclear Reactors

Download or read book Gas cooled Nuclear Reactors written by France. Commissariat à l'énergie atomique and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book From Microphysics to Macrophysics

Download or read book From Microphysics to Macrophysics written by Roger Balian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This popular, often cited text returns in a softcover edition to provide a thorough introduction to statistical physics and thermodynamics, and to exhibit the universal chain of ideas leading from the laws of microphysics to the macroscopic behaviour of matter. A wide range of applications illustrates the concepts, and many exercises reinforce understanding. Volume II applies statistical methods to systems governed by quantum effects, in particular to solid state physics, explaining properties due to the crystal structure or to the lattice excitations or to the electrons. The last chapters are devoted to non-equilibrium processes and to kinetic equations, with many applications included.

Book Four Laws That Drive the Universe

Download or read book Four Laws That Drive the Universe written by Peter Atkins and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-09-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The laws of thermodynamics drive everything that happens in the universe. From the sudden expansion of a cloud of gas to the cooling of hot metal, and from the unfurling of a leaf to the course of life itself - everything is directed and constrained by four simple laws. They establish fundamental concepts such as temperature and heat, and reveal the arrow of time and even the nature of energy itself. Peter Atkins' powerful and compelling introduction explains what the laws are and how they work, using accessible language and virtually no mathematics. Guiding the reader from the Zeroth Law to the Third Law, he introduces the fascinating concept of entropy, and how it not only explains why your desk tends to get messier, but also how its unstoppable rise constitutes the engine of the universe.

Book Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials

Download or read book Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials written by David Adler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute for Amorphous Studies was founded in 1982 as the international center for the investigation of amorphous mate rials. It has since played an important role in promoting the und er standing of disordered matter in general. An Institute lecture series on "Fundamentals of Amorphous Materials and Devices" was held during 1982-83 with distinguished speakers from universities and industry. These events were free and open to the public ,and were attended by many representatives of the scientific community. The lectures themselves were highly successful inasmuch as they provided not only formal instruction but also an opportunity for vigorous and stimulating debate. That last element could not be captured within the pages of a book I but the lectures concentrated on the latest advances in the field I which is why their essential contents are he re reproduced in collective form. Together they constitute an interdisciplinary status report of the field. The speakers brought many different viewpoints and a variety of back ground experiences io bear on the problems involved I but though language and conventions vary I the essential unity of the concerns is very clear I as indeed are the ultimate benefits of the many-sided approach.

Book Scientific Canadian Mechanics  Magazine and Patent Office Record

Download or read book Scientific Canadian Mechanics Magazine and Patent Office Record written by Canada. Patent Office and published by . This book was released on 1966-03 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Basic Studies in the Field of High temperature Engineering

Download or read book Basic Studies in the Field of High temperature Engineering written by Nihon Genshiryoku Kenkyūjo and published by Paris, France : Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. This book was released on 2002 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to increasing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised a Second Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. These proceedings provide an overview of the activities being carried out in eight countries, the improvement of material properties for HTGR application, in-core monitoring methods and properties of irradiated graphite, and HTGR fuel fabrication and performance.

Book Technocratic Dreaming

Download or read book Technocratic Dreaming written by Paul James and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technocratic dreaming of very fast trains and Japanese designer cities.