Download or read book Dynamics and Evolution of Transposable Elements written by Pierre Capy and published by International Thomson Publishing Services. This book was released on 1998 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text deals with the evolution of transposable elements (TE). Two main aspects are presented. First, after a description of the main types of elements, their life and death within a species, including regulation of transposition, and their distribution in natural populations and on chromosomes are discussed. Then, the impact of TEs on the host genomes, the putative relationship between environment and transposition rates lead to a discussion of the interaction (or coevolution) between TEs and their host. Second, these results introduce the analysis of the phylogenies of TEs and their interpretations, according to different models i.e. horizontal versus vertical transmission. Finally, the questions of the origin and of the general evolution of TEs is raised from the comparison of conserved regions like reverse transcriptase or transposase-integrase domains.
Download or read book Dynamics and Evolution of Transposable Elements written by Pierre Capy and published by R G Landes Company. This book was released on 1998 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution written by Nina V. Fedoroff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transposable genetic elements, or transposons, as they are now known, have had a tumultuous history. Discovered in the mid-20th century by Barbara McClintock, they were initially received with puzzlement. When their genomic abundance began to be apparent, they were categorized as "junk DNA" and acquired the label of parasites. Expanding understanding of gene and genome organization has revealed the profound extent of their impact on both. Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution captures and distills the voluminous research literature on plant transposable elements and seeks to assemble the big picture of how transposons shape gene structure and regulation, as well as how they sculpt genomes in evolution. Individual chapters provide concise overviews of the many flavors of plant transposons and of their roles in gene creation, gene regulation, development, genome evolution, and organismal speciation, as well as of their epigenetic regulation. This volume is essential reading for anyone working in plant genetics, epigenetics, or evolutionary biology.
Download or read book The Centromere written by K. H. Andy Choo and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The centromere is an essential structure on all eukaryotic chromosomes that allows the equipartition of chromosomes during mitotic and meiotic cell divisions. Since its cytogenetic recognition as a constructed part of a chromosome many decades ago, great advances have been made in ourunderstanding of this intriguing structure, especially at the molecular level. This book brings together all available information on the centromere. It covers in details the DNA and protein components of this structure, and their individual functions, in species as diverse as budding and fissionyeasts, nematodes, Drosophila, mice, and humans; newly discovered roles of the centromere in marshalling "passenger" proteins; important emerging concepts such as latent centromeres and epigenetic factors; cytogenetic problems associated with centromere abnormalities; and practical application ofcentromere studies, such as in the construction of human artificial chromosomes for gene therapy. Supported by ample illustrations, the book is written with sufficient simplicity and detail to suit both specialist and non-specialist scholars. It is the first book on the subject
Download or read book Dynamics and Evolution of Transposable Elements written by Pierre Capy and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the evolution of transposable elements (TEs). After a description of the main types of elements, their life and death within a species including regulation of transposition, their distribution in natural populations and on chromosomes is discussed. The impact of TEs on the host genome, the putative relationship between the environment and transposition rates lead to a discussion of the interaction (or co-evolution) of TEs and their host. These results introduce the analysis of the phylogenies of TEs and their interpretations according to different models i.e. horizontal versus vertical transmission. The question of the origin and of the general evolution of TEs is raised from the comparison of conserved regions such as reverse transcriptase or transposase-integrase domains.
Download or read book Transposons and the Dynamic Genome written by Dirk-Henner Lankenau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gives an overview on mobile DNA and how such contradiction to the obligatory stability of genomes can be understood. Obviously, an understanding can only be achieved by cutting deeply into the evolutionary history of life.
Download or read book Evolution and Impact of Transposable Elements written by Pierre Capy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 50 years, the perception oftransposable elements (TEs) has changed considerably from selfish DNA to sequences that may contribute significantly to genome function and evolution. The recent increased interest in TEs is based on the realization that they are a major genetic component (at least 10--20%) of all organisms and a major contributor to the mutation process. It is currently estimated that 70--80% of spontaneous mutations are the result of TE-mediated insertions, deletions, or chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, it seems at least plausible that TEs may playa significant role in the adaptation and evolution of natural populations and species. The ubiquity of TEs suggests that they are an old component of genomes which have been vertically transmitted through generations over evolutionary time. However, detailed analyses carried out over the last 20 years have revealed several unusual features of TE evolution: (i) TEs can be horizontally transferred between species; (ii) TE evolutionary rates can be dramatically increased by specific inactivation processes, such as the RIP (Repeat Induced Point mutation) mechanism in fungi; (iii) TEs can influence the regulation of other TEs by insertion or deletion; (iv) different classes of TEs in even distantly related species can be remarkably similar in both structure and function.
Download or read book Transposable Elements and Genome Evolution written by Aurélie Hua-Van and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-08-15 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery by Barbara McClintock in the mid-20th century, the importance of transposable elements in shaping the architecture, function and evolution of genomes has gradually been unveiled. These DNA sequences populate nearly all genomes and are viewed as genomic parasites. They are mobile, capable of proliferating within genomes and also commonly travel between species. These elements are mutagenic and are responsible for several human genetic disorders, but they also constitute a major source of genetic diversity. Some insertions have beneficial effects for the host and are selected for, giving rise to significant evolutionary innovations. Their dynamics within genomes are intricate, as are their interactions with other genome components. To limit their proliferation, the genome has evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms. While researchers commonly use these elements as genetic tools, their identification in newly sequenced genomes remains a challenge due not only to their extensive diversity, but also their large copy numbers.
Download or read book The Maize Genome written by Jeffrey Bennetzen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-24 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses advances in our understanding of the structure and function of the maize genome since publication of the original B73 reference genome in 2009, and the progress in translating this knowledge into basic biology and trait improvement. Maize is an extremely important crop, providing a large proportion of the world’s human caloric intake and animal feed, and serving as a model species for basic and applied research. The exceptionally high level of genetic diversity within maize presents opportunities and challenges in all aspects of maize genetics, from sequencing and genotyping to linking genotypes to phenotypes. Topics covered in this timely book range from (i) genome sequencing and genotyping techniques, (ii) genome features such as centromeres and epigenetic regulation, (iii) tools and resources available for trait genomics, to (iv) applications of allele mining and genomics-assisted breeding. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and students interested in maize genetics and genomics.
Download or read book Plant Epigenetics and Epigenomics written by Charles Spillane and published by Humana. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many fundamental discoveries concerning epigenetics and the elucidation of mechanisms of epigenetic regulation have developed from studies performed in plants. In Plant Epigenetics and Epigenomics: Methods and Protocols, leading scientists in the epigenetics field describe comprehensive techniques that have been developed to understand the plant epigenetic landscape. These include recently developed methods and techniques for analysis of epigenetically regulated traits, such as flowering time, transposon activation, genomic imprinting and genome dosage effects. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoidance of known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Epigenetics and Epigenomics: Methods and Protocols seek to aid scientists in the further study of plant epigenetic phenomena using advanced contemporary methods.
Download or read book Transposable Elements and RNA written by Aurelie Hua-Van and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-07-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transposable Elements and RNA provides the latest on the main families of transposable elements, their relationship with viruses, and the regulation of their activity. When the TE world meets the RNA realm, there is a necessity to reduce TE and virus activity. The discovery of such regulations associated with the impact of epigenetic phenomena in evolution and gene regulation evolution allows us to obtain a better idea of transposable element dynamics and evolution. Presents detailed information on the transposable elements (transposons and retroelements) Includes sections on transposable elements and viruses, epigenetics regulation, small RNA and reverse transcriptase
Download or read book Mechanisms of Life History Evolution written by Thomas Flatt and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction, and survival and by investigating the trade-offs that constrain the evolution of these traits. Although life history theory has made enormous progress in explaining the diversity of life history strategies among species, it traditionally ignores the underlying proximate mechanisms. This novel book argues that many fundamental problems in life history evolution, including the nature of trade-offs, can only be fully resolved if we begin to integrate information on developmental, physiological, and genetic mechanisms into the classical life history framework. Each chapter is written by an established or up-and-coming leader in their respective field; they not only represent the state of the art but also offer fresh perspectives for future research. The text is divided into 7 sections that cover basic concepts (Part 1), the mechanisms that affect different parts of the life cycle (growth, development, and maturation; reproduction; and aging and somatic maintenance) (Parts 2-4), life history plasticity (Part 5), life history integration and trade-offs (Part 6), and concludes with a synthesis chapter written by a prominent leader in the field and an editorial postscript (Part 7).
Download or read book Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution written by Nina V. Fedoroff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transposable genetic elements, or transposons, as they are now known, have had a tumultuous history. Discovered in the mid-20th century by Barbara McClintock, they were initially received with puzzlement. When their genomic abundance began to be apparent, they were categorized as "junk DNA" and acquired the label of parasites. Expanding understanding of gene and genome organization has revealed the profound extent of their impact on both. Plant Transposons and Genome Dynamics in Evolution captures and distills the voluminous research literature on plant transposable elements and seeks to assemble the big picture of how transposons shape gene structure and regulation, as well as how they sculpt genomes in evolution. Individual chapters provide concise overviews of the many flavors of plant transposons and of their roles in gene creation, gene regulation, development, genome evolution, and organismal speciation, as well as of their epigenetic regulation. This volume is essential reading for anyone working in plant genetics, epigenetics, or evolutionary biology.
Download or read book The Major Transitions in Evolution written by John Maynard Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-10-30 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During evolution there have been several major changes in the way genetic information is organized and transmitted from one generation to the next. These transitions include the origin of life itself, the first eukaryotic cells, reproduction by sexual means, the appearance of multicellular plants and animals, the emergence of cooperation and of animal societies. This is the first book to discuss all these major transitions and their implications for our understanding of evolution.Clearly written and illustrated with many original diagrams, this book will be welcomed by students and researchers in the fields of evolutionary biology, ecology, and genetics.
Download or read book Evolutionary Dynamics of Eukaryotic Transposable Elements written by Nicole De la Chaux and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Repetitive DNA written by Manuel A. Garrido-Ramos and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experimental data that have been generated using new molecular techniques associated with the completion of genome projects have changed our perception of the structural features, functional implications and evolutionary dynamics of repetitive DNA sequences. This volume of Genome Dynamics provides a valuable update on recent developments in research into multigene families, centromeres, telomeres, microsatellite DNA, satellite DNA, and transposable elements. Each chapter presents a review by distinguished experts and analyzes repetitive DNA diversity and abundance, as well as the impact on genome structure, function and evolution. This publication is targeted at scientists and scholars at every level, from students to faculty members, and, indeed, anyone involved or interested in genetics, molecular evolution, molecular biology as well as genomics will find it a valuable source of up-to-date information.
Download or read book Evolution and Impact of Transposable Elements written by Pierre Capy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 50 years, the perception oftransposable elements (TEs) has changed considerably from selfish DNA to sequences that may contribute significantly to genome function and evolution. The recent increased interest in TEs is based on the realization that they are a major genetic component (at least 10--20%) of all organisms and a major contributor to the mutation process. It is currently estimated that 70--80% of spontaneous mutations are the result of TE-mediated insertions, deletions, or chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, it seems at least plausible that TEs may playa significant role in the adaptation and evolution of natural populations and species. The ubiquity of TEs suggests that they are an old component of genomes which have been vertically transmitted through generations over evolutionary time. However, detailed analyses carried out over the last 20 years have revealed several unusual features of TE evolution: (i) TEs can be horizontally transferred between species; (ii) TE evolutionary rates can be dramatically increased by specific inactivation processes, such as the RIP (Repeat Induced Point mutation) mechanism in fungi; (iii) TEs can influence the regulation of other TEs by insertion or deletion; (iv) different classes of TEs in even distantly related species can be remarkably similar in both structure and function.