Download or read book Fate and Effects of Anticancer Drugs in the Environment written by Ester Heath and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides current knowledge and research on the presence and effects of anticancer drug residues in the aqueous environment and covers all relevant aspects of the presence of these residues in wastewaters and natural aquatic systems, where numerous analogies between their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in humans and their effects in the environment can be drawn. This book comprises of 18 chapters and represents the combined work of leading scientists from different research institutions from across the globe. We present the state of the art in the field of anticancer drug residues in the aquatic environment while being cognizant of the many challenges that remain.
Download or read book The Life Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment written by B.M. Peake and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment identifies pathways of entry of pharmaceuticals into the environment, beginning with the role of global prescribing and disposal practices. The book then discusses typical levels of common pharmaceuticals and how they can be determined in natural waters such as raw and treated sewage, and in potable water. In addition, sections examine methods currently available to degrade pharmaceuticals in natural waters and some of their ecotoxicological impacts, along with future considerations and the growing concept of product stewardship. Encompasses the full lifecycle of common pharmaceuticals, from prescription and dispensing practices to their occurrence in a range of different types of natural waters and their environmental impact Explores the role of the healthcare system and its affect on users Beneficial for environmental engineers involved in the design and operation of appropriate degradation technologies of the pharmaceutical prescription and disposal practices
Download or read book Illicit Drugs in the Environment written by Sara Castiglioni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illicit drugs are an emerging class of environmental contaminants and mass spectrometry is the technique of choice for their analysis. This landmark reference discusses the analytical techniques used to detect illicit drugs in wastewater and surface water, details how to estimate the levels of contaminants in the environment, and explores the behavior, fate, and toxic effects of this new class of contaminants, now a ubiquitous presence in wastewater and surface water. The book details how an estimate of illicit drug consumption in a given population can be developed from an analysis of the residues of illicit drugs in wastewater. An important resource for analytical chemists, environmental researchers, forensic scientists, biologists, and toxicologists.
Download or read book Toxicology Studies written by Ana Cristina Andreazza and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-07-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increased exposure to toxins, toxicants and novel drugs has promoted toxicology to become one of the most important areas of research with emerging innovative toxicity testing protocols, techniques, and regulation being placed. Since the bioactivation of many toxins and toxicants and its consequences on human health are not clearly known, this book offers a quick overview of cellular toxicology through the cell, drug and environmental toxicity. This book does not strive to be comprehensive but instead offers a quick overview of principle aspects of toxins and toxicants in order to familiarize the key principles of toxicology. The book is divided into three main sections,; the first one discusses the role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and mitochondrial drug development. The second and third sections bring light to forensic toxicology and drug poisoning followed by environmental toxicity.
Download or read book Pharmaceuticals in the Environment written by David Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important reference for researchers in the pharmaceutical industry, environmentalists and policy makers wanting to better understand the impacts of pharmaceuticals on the environment.
Download or read book Pharmaceuticals in Marine and Coastal Environments written by Juan Carlos Duran-Alvarez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmaceuticals in Marine and Coastal Environments: Occurrence, Effects, and Challenges in a Changing World is divided into three sections that address a) coastal areas as the main entrance of pharmaceuticals into the ocean, b) the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the environmental compartments of the ocean media, and c) the effects that such pollutants may cause to the exposed marine organisms. With its comprehensive discussions, the book provides a wide depiction of the current state-of-the-art on these topics in an effort to open new sources of investigation and find suitable solutions. Includes maps edited by the Water Information Network System of the International Hydrological Program (IHP-WINS) Provides a compilation of information regarding the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the marine environment which will help establish new and more efficient monitoring programs and new research lines Depicts the most important results of environmental risk assessments that can be used as a first step for further toxicological studies
Download or read book Contemporary Chemical Approaches for Green and Sustainable Drugs written by Marianna Torok and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-26 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary Chemical Approaches for Green and Sustainable Drugs provides readers with the knowledge they need to integrate sustainable approaches into their work. Sections cover different aspects of green and sustainable drug development from design to disposal, including computer-aided drug design, green resourcing of drugs and drug candidates, an overview of the health concerns of pharmaceutical pollution, and a survey of potential chemical methods for its reduction. Drawing together the knowledge of a global team of experts, this book provides an inclusive overview of the chemical tools and approaches available for minimizing the negative environmental impact of current and newly developed drugs. This will be a useful guide for all academic and industrial researchers across green and sustainable chemistry, medicinal chemistry, environmental chemistry and pharmaceutical science. Provides an integrative overview of the environmental risks of drugs and drug by products to support chemists in pre-emptively addressing these issues Highlights the advantages of computer-aided drug design, green and sustainable sourcing, and novel methods for the production of safer, more effective drugs Presents individual chapters written by renowned experts with diverse backgrounds Reflects research in practice through selected case studies and extensive state-of-the-art reference sections to serve as a starting point in the design of any specialized environmentally-conscious medicinal chemistry project
Download or read book Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment written by Bryan W. Brooks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-08 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human interaction with the environment remains one of the most pervasive facets of modern society. In a world characterized by rapid population growth, unprecedented global trade and digital communications, energy security, natural resource scarcities, climatic changes and environmental quality, emerging diseases and public health, biodiversity and habitat modifications are routinely touted by the popular press as they canvas global political agendas and scholarly endeavors.
Download or read book The Use of Drugs in Food Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-01-12 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of drugs in food animal production has resulted in benefits throughout the food industry; however, their use has also raised public health safety concerns. The Use of Drugs in Food Animals provides an overview of why and how drugs are used in the major food-producing animal industriesâ€"poultry, dairy, beef, swine, and aquaculture. The volume discusses the prevalence of human pathogens in foods of animal origin. It also addresses the transfer of resistance in animal microbes to human pathogens and the resulting risk of human disease. The committee offers analysis and insight into these areas: Monitoring of drug residues. The book provides a brief overview of how the FDA and USDA monitor drug residues in foods of animal origin and describes quality assurance programs initiated by the poultry, dairy, beef, and swine industries. Antibiotic resistance. The committee reports what is known about this controversial problem and its potential effect on human health. The volume also looks at how drug use may be minimized with new approaches in genetics, nutrition, and animal management.
Download or read book Drug Misuse and the Environment written by Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs and published by Stationery Office Books (TSO). This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report explores the environmental aspects of drug prevention. The first part describes the aims of the report, looking at the nature and extent of drug misuse, examining the environmental factors which influence drug misuse and reviewing current commodity-based drug prevention strategies. The second part, taking into account the findings of the first part, identifies a number of subject areas which are in need of attention in the cause of drug prevention.
Download or read book Drugs and the Environment written by National Exposure National Exposure Research Laboratory and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-07-10 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represents the first-ever comprehensive examination of the broad scope of issues surrounding the topic of disposal of unwanted, unneeded, leftover medications from consumer use and the countless ways in which the introduction of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to the environment can be reduced. The report presents a synthesis of thought resulting from the body of work performed on this topic over the last decade by the US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development (ORD) at the National Exposure Research Laboratory in Las Vegas, Nevada. After distilling and synthesizing the published literature, it becomes clear that a holistic solution to the problem of consumer drug disposal will require the coordinated efforts of numerous stakeholders, agencies, and disciplines. A truly sustainable solution has the potential to not just reduce the entry of APIs to the environment via direct disposal of drugs to sewers (by flushing down drains) and landfills (by discarding in trash). More significant outcomes are possible from a holistic, sustainable approach that targets the many factors that contribute to the incidence of leftover drugs. Instead of limiting the focus to mechanisms for disposing of leftover drugs, a sustainable approach could also reduce: environmental loadings of APIs as a result of actions that also minimize their excretion; the incidence of drug diversion and abuse; the incidence of morbidity and mortality resulting from unintended poisonings (for humans, companion animals, and wildlife); and healthcare costs. Perhaps most importantly, a system that minimizes drug wastage may lead to improved therapeutic outcomes and general health, as well as to improvements in other aspects of the system of healthcare such as the way in which drug donations are handled. It is clear that the most practical and effective potential solutions to the related issues of leftover medications and pharmaceutical residues in the environment reside with the prescribing and dispensing communities and allied industries such as manufacturers and insurers. Countless improvements to these practices could be made, resulting in lower drug usage, fewer leftovers, improved therapeutic outcomes, and lower healthcare costs. This is where efforts need to be focused in changing the behaviors and practices of those involved with medical care. While patient expectations play a large role as well (such as with non-compliance to medication regimens, or with misguided expectations that a successful visit to a doctor is measured in part by whether a prescription is obtained), these expectations need to be changed by the medical care community. The responsibility of manufacturers not only can target issues such as patient non-compliance and excessive or unnecessary drug usage, but it can extend beyond the point of drug usage to deal with leftover medications. A fully integrated, sustainable approach to optimal drug use and generation and disposition of wastes can only be achieved by the close and integrated collaboration of healthcare professionals, environmental scientists, regulators, and numerous other organizations and stakeholders.
Download or read book U S Health in International Perspective written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.
Download or read book Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment written by Christian Gaaei Daughton and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume breaks new ground in applying the current body of knowledge in the study of pharmaceuticals, personal care products and their environmental impact to the assessment of the magnitude and extent of the use of illicit drugs at the local community level. It offers new insights on the use of environmental monitoring and includes discussion on waste treatment, ecotoxicological issues, and risk assessment.
Download or read book Ecology You and the Environment written by California. Department of Public Health. Bureau of Food and Drug and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmaceuticals in the environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmaceuticals in the Environment written by Klaus Kümmerer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-10 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the success of the first edition, this pioneering study of pharmaceuticals in the environment has been updated and greatly extended. It includes the status of research on pharmaceuticals in soil, with attention to terrestrial and aquatic environments as well as new substance categories such as tetracylines and chinolones and the latest results concerning contamination of the environment and risk reduction.
Download or read book The Legalization of Drugs written by Doug Husak and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-29 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States today, the use or possession of many drugs is a criminal offense. Can these criminal laws be justified? What are the best reasons to punish or not to punish drug users? These are the fundamental issues debated in this book by two prominent philosophers of law. Douglas Husak argues in favor of drug decriminalization, by clarifying the meaning of crucial terms, such as legalize, decriminalize, and drugs; and by identifying the standards by which alternative drug policies should be assessed. He critically examines the reasons typically offered in favor of our current approach and explains why decriminalization is preferable. Peter de Marneffe argues against drug legalization, demonstrating why drug prohibition, especially the prohibition of heroin, is necessary to protect young people from self-destructive drug use. If the empirical assumptions of this argument are sound, he reasons, drug prohibition is perfectly compatible with our rights to liberty.
