Download or read book Personality Traits and Drug Consumption written by Elaine Fehrman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-26 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the psychological traits associated with drug consumption through the statistical analysis of a new database with information on 1885 respondents and use of 18 drugs. After reviewing published works on the psychological profiles of drug users and describing the data mining and machine learning methods used, it demonstrates that the personality traits (five factor model, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) together with simple demographic data make it possible to predict the risk of consumption of individual drugs with a sensitivity and specificity above 70% for most drugs. It also analyzes the correlations of use of different substances and describes the groups of drugs with correlated use, identifying significant differences in personality profiles for users of different drugs. The book is intended for advanced undergraduates and first-year PhD students, as well as researchers and practitioners. Although no previous knowledge of machine learning, advanced data mining concepts or modern psychology of personality is assumed, familiarity with basic statistics and some experience in the use of probabilities would be helpful. For a more detailed introduction to statistical methods, the book provides recommendations for undergraduate textbooks.
Download or read book Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.
Download or read book Drugs Daydreaming and Personality written by Bernard Segal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1980, this book presents a detailed account of a series of investigations that examined the patterns of resort to drugs and alcohol use in college youth, and how such substance uses are linked to personality characteristics and daydreaming patterns. The Editors chose to emphasize the more "private" features of the personality, because these had often been ignored in earlier research, despite popular assumptions that there are close ties between fantasy, inwardness, "spacey" qualities (all suggesting permanent changes in mental organization), and substance use in youth. This volume will be of interest to a wider audience than just drug and alcohol researchers, because of the effort to go beyond normative patterns of substance use toward explorations of personality and consciousness.
Download or read book Drugs and Personality written by Documentation Associates Information Services Incorporated and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Personality Traits and Drug Consumption written by Elaine Fehrman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the psychological traits associated with drug consumption through the statistical analysis of a new database with information on 1885 respondents and use of 18 drugs. After reviewing published works on the psychological profiles of drug users and describing the data mining and machine learning methods used, it demonstrates that the personality traits (five factor model, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) together with simple demographic data make it possible to predict the risk of consumption of individual drugs with a sensitivity and specificity above 70% for most drugs. It also analyzes the correlations of use of different substances and describes the groups of drugs with correlated use, identifying significant differences in personality profiles for users of different drugs. The book is intended for advanced undergraduates and first-year PhD students, as well as researchers and practitioners. Although no previous knowledge of machine learning, advanced data mining concepts or modern psychology of personality is assumed, familiarity with basic statistics and some experience in the use of probabilities would be helpful. For a more detailed introduction to statistical methods, the book provides recommendations for undergraduate textbooks.
Download or read book Handbook of Personality Development written by Daniel K. Mroczek and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is the first volume to provide a comprehensive look at personality development. It features a state-of-the-art examination of the field, an area that is enjoying a resurgence in popularity. Five major types of advances, all of which are represented in this volume, are the result of the recent burst in research activity in this area: 1) new theoretical perspectives, 2) higher-quality empirical studies, 3) more sophisticated research designs and analyses, 4) attention to development across the lifespan, and 5) the growing prominence of interdisciplinary approaches to personality development. The Handbook of Personality Development is comprehensive across the lifespan, in its range of personality constructs, and in its coverage of theoretical and methodological frameworks. It is the first volume to address the most important personality development theoretical frameworks in one location--the evolutionary, physiological, behavioral genetic, and socio-cultural perspectives. The book also reviews new statistical techniques that allow for the estimation of individual differences in stability and the analysis of change. The latter part of the book focuses on personality development over the lifespan, from infancy to older adulthood. The authors address personality variables such as emotion regulation, temperament, and self-concept across the lifespan. The book concludes with a compelling capstone chapter by Dan McAdams on how personality develops. The Handbook of Personality Development provides an historical account of, and summary of, the most significant and important findings in the area, along with suggestions for future research. Intended for researchers and advanced students in personality, developmental, social, clinical, and educational psychology, as well as related fields such as family studies, sociology, education, nursing, behavioral genetics, neuropsychology, and psychophysiology, the handbook also serves as a valuable resource in advanced courses that address personality development.
Download or read book Drugs Brains and Behavior written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drug Abuse and Personality in Young Offenders written by R. Cockett and published by Appleton-Century-Crofts. This book was released on 1971 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Addictive Personality written by Craig Nakken and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2009-09-29 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Craig Nakken brings new depth and dimension to our understanding of how an individual becomes an addict. Since its publication in 1988, The Addictive Personality has helped people understand the process of addiction. Now, through this second edition, author Craig Nakken brings new depth and dimension to our understanding of how an individual becomes an addict. Going beyond the definition that limits dependency to the realm of alcohol and other drugs, Nakken uncovers the common denominator of all addiction and describes how the process is progressive. Through research and practical experience, Nakken sheds new light on: Genetic factors tied to addiction; Cultural influences on addictive behavior; The progressive nature of the disease; and Steps to a successful recovery The author examines how addictions start, how society pushes people toward addiction, and what happens inside those who become addicted. This new edition will help anyone seeking a better understanding of the addictive process and its impact on our lives.
Download or read book Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness written by Joris C. Verster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-06 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug abuse and addiction are common in clinical practice. Often they interfere with patient treatment or require an alternative approach. Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment is a major contribution to the literature, a gold standard title offering a comprehensive range of topics for those who care for patients with addiction, conduct research in this area, or simply have an interest in the field. Offering state-of-the-art information for all those working with drug abusing or addicted patients, or for those interested in this topic from other research perspectives, the volume is a first of its kind book -- rich, comprehensive, yet focused, addressing the needs of the very active theoretical, basic, and clinical research in the field. Comprised of 46 chapters organized in four sections and developed by the leading international experts, Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment covers virtually every core, as well as contemporary, topic on addiction, from the established theories to the most modern research and development in the field. Enhancing the educational value of the volume, every chapter includes an abstract and two boxes summarizing learning objectives and directions for future research. Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment discusses the topic in a authoritative, systematic manner and is an indispensable reference for all clinicians and researchers interested in this rapidly changing field.
Download or read book Facing Addiction in America written by Office of the Surgeon General and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All across the United States, individuals, families, communities, and health care systems are struggling to cope with substance use, misuse, and substance use disorders. Substance misuse and substance use disorders have devastating effects, disrupt the future plans of too many young people, and all too often, end lives prematurely and tragically. Substance misuse is a major public health challenge and a priority for our nation to address. The effects of substance use are cumulative and costly for our society, placing burdens on workplaces, the health care system, families, states, and communities. The Report discusses opportunities to bring substance use disorder treatment and mainstream health care systems into alignment so that they can address a person's overall health, rather than a substance misuse or a physical health condition alone or in isolation. It also provides suggestions and recommendations for action that everyone-individuals, families, community leaders, law enforcement, health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers-can take to prevent substance misuse and reduce its consequences.
Download or read book The Relationship Between Personality Type and Drug of Choice Among Substance Users written by Joseph Valila and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) estimated that in the year 2002, 19.5 million Americans, which includes individuals 12 years of age and older, were current users of illicit drugs. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personality traits, as operationalized by the NEO-PI-R subscales, and self-identified drug of choice. While there is a significant body of literature substantiating the existence of personality types, little research has investigated their relationship to substance use. The study represented a correlational design. Male participants in recovery, ranging in age from 18 to 65, and living in a large Northeastern metropolitan area, were recruited via 12-step program meetings to complete two instruments - the NEO-PI-R and the Substance Abuse History Inventory (modified). Participants were stratified by drug of choice. MANOVA was used to assess variations in personality traits (dependent variable) by drug of choice. The overall MANOVA was statistically significant, Pillai's Trace = 3.40 and partial [eta] 2 = .85, suggesting that drug of choice had a significant effect on the multivariate combination of personality trait scores. Those identifying CNS stimulant as their drug of choice scored higher on the Extraversion domain than did CNS depressant or opioid users; those referring to themselves as CNS depressant or opioid users scored higher on Neuroticism than did CNS stimulant users. This knowledge could assist clinicians to motivate clients to seek stimulating activities that do not involved CNS stimulants. Implications for social change include the possibility of drug use and abuse interventions that are more effective and thus reduce the individual and societal costs associated with substance abuse.
Download or read book Personality Drugs and Alcohol Use written by Abeeb Olufemi Salaam and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides insight into the association between the personality traits of impulsivity, aggressiveness and self-reported drug and alcohol use. The participants to the study reported in this book were invited to respond to standardised self-report measures of alcohol and drug use, impulsivity and aggressiveness. Although they do not suggest causation, the computed outcomes from the data collected revealed that impulsiveness was significantly and positively correlated with self-reported drug and alcohol use. The association between the various measures of impulsivity and drug and alcohol use persisted, while no relationship was observed between aggressiveness and drug and alcohol use among the participants. In a stepwise linear regression analysis based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Drug Abuse Screening Test, self-reported drug and alcohol use was highly related to impulsiveness, with the sensation seeking and lack of premeditation components significantly contributing to the prediction. The results are discussed in terms of the need for impulsivity-targeted interventions for individuals who are at a high risk of drug and alcohol misuse.
Download or read book The Biology of Desire written by Marc Lewis and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the vivid, true stories of five people who journeyed into and out of addiction, a renowned neuroscientist explains why the "disease model" of addiction is wrong and illuminates the path to recovery. The psychiatric establishment and rehab industry in the Western world have branded addiction a brain disease. But in The Biology of Desire, cognitive neuroscientist and former addict Marc Lewis makes a convincing case that addiction is not a disease, and shows why the disease model has become an obstacle to healing. Lewis reveals addiction as an unintended consequence of the brain doing what it's supposed to do-seek pleasure and relief-in a world that's not cooperating. As a result, most treatment based on the disease model fails. Lewis shows how treatment can be retooled to achieve lasting recovery. This is enlightening and optimistic reading for anyone who has wrestled with addiction either personally or professionally.
Download or read book Unbroken Brain written by Maia Szalavitz and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER More people than ever before see themselves as addicted to, or recovering from, addiction, whether it be alcohol or drugs, prescription meds, sex, gambling, porn, or the internet. But despite the unprecedented attention, our understanding of addiction is trapped in unfounded 20th century ideas, addiction as a crime or as brain disease, and in equally outdated treatment. Challenging both the idea of the addict's "broken brain" and the notion of a simple "addictive personality," The New York Times Bestseller, Unbroken Brain, offers a radical and groundbreaking new perspective, arguing that addictions are learning disorders and shows how seeing the condition this way can untangle our current debates over treatment, prevention and policy. Like autistic traits, addictive behaviors fall on a spectrum -- and they can be a normal response to an extreme situation. By illustrating what addiction is, and is not, the book illustrates how timing, history, family, peers, culture and chemicals come together to create both illness and recovery- and why there is no "addictive personality" or single treatment that works for all. Combining Maia Szalavitz's personal story with a distillation of more than 25 years of science and research,Unbroken Brain provides a paradigm-shifting approach to thinking about addiction. Her writings on radical addiction therapies have been featured in The Washington Post, Vice Magazine, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Times, in addition to multiple other publications. She has been interviewed about her book on many radio shows including Fresh Air with Terry Gross and The Brian Lehrer show.
Download or read book The Drug User written by Stanley Einstein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The personality of the individuals who use a variety of sub stances, singly or in combination, which are legal or illegal in status, for non-medical reasons, has been of interest and concern to a variety of intervention agents and groups for many decades. Indeed, a review of the literature leads to the conclusion that this interest has in no way waned. More and more articles and books are written, and more and more research is planned and carried out, which are designed to describe the personality of the knOWll-yisible drug user(s). If anything this interest has broadened to include the spouse of the drug user, his or her parents, and at times the child of the drug user. In simplistic terms the thesis is posited or hinted at, that a specific type of individual will use "drugs" in a socio-cultural un acceptable manner. And the critical factor which is pinpointed to explain this type of drug use is the personality/character-traits of the individual, alone or in combination with other factors. These latter factors can include, among others, the primary and secondary effects of drugs, the meaning attributed to the manner of using drugs (oral, intravenous, intramuscular, sniffing, smoking, etc.,) as well as to the drug experience, the external environment, gen etics, drug availability, individual and group coping skills; as well as socio-political-economic factors.
Download or read book Drugs and Personality written by Stati Uniti d'America. Department of health, education and welfare. Public health service alcohol, drug abuse and mental health administration and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
