Download or read book DNA Repair of Cancer Stem Cells written by Lesley A Mathews and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of ‘cancer stem cells’ (CSCs) has been a topic of heated debate for the last few years within the field of cancer biology. Their continuous characterization in a variety of solid tumors has lead to an abundance of evidence supporting their existence. CSCs are believed to be responsible for resistance against conventional treatment regimes of chemotherapy and radiation, ultimately, leading to metastasis and patient demise. To help aid clinicians, pharmaceutical companies and academic labs investigating how to better kill these highly aggressive cells we have summarized the DNA repair mechanism(s) and their role in the maintenance and regulation of both normal and cancer stem cells. Our book represents a comprehensive investigation into the highly effective DNA repair mechanisms of CSCs and what we need to understand in order to develop more advanced therapies to eradicate them from patients. Currently, there are no other published works entirely on DNA repair and Cancer Stem Cells. In addition, our book provides a comprehensive overview of CSC isolation and characterization from a variety of solid tumor types.
Download or read book DNA Damage Response Repair in Cancer Stem Cells Potential Vs Controversies written by Maria Louka and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA Damage Response/Repair in Cancer Stem Cells - Potential vs. Controversies.
Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Download or read book Adult Stem Cells in Aging Diseases and Cancer written by K.L. Rudolph and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-12-22 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The functionality of adult tissue stem cells from various organ systems declines during aging. This publication summarizes novel molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of aging-associated deficiencies as discussed by leading experts during the 5th Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposium. It is the first book that explicitly focuses on molecular mechanisms of stem cell aging and its consequences for disease and cancer development including both cell-intrinsic mechanisms as well as aging-induced alterations in the stem cell niche and the systemic environment. Cutting-edge information on stem cells, aging, cancer, and disease make this publication of special interest to basic researchers in the respective fields. Further, it is also intended for medical doctors in the fields of geriatrics, internal medicine, and cancer as it provides a novel understanding of the evolution of tissue dysfunction, diseases and cancer as a consequence of aging.
Download or read book Human Adult Stem Cells written by John Masters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-06-04 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of volume 7 of Human Cell Culture is to provide clear and precise methods for growing primary cultures of adult stem cells from various human tissues and describe culture conditions in which these adult stem cells differentiate along their respective lineages. The book will be of value to biomedical scientists and of special interest to stem cell biologists and tissue engineers. Each chapter is written by experts actively involved in growing human adult stem cells.
Download or read book Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Radiation written by Tiffany Marie Phillips and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Autologous and Cancer Stem Cell Gene Therapy written by Roger Bertolotti and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells provide for life-long cell replacement in tissues and organs, and have inherent homing abilities that are critical in therapeutic applications. Stem cells are also the driving force of cancer where genetic/epigenetic alterations culminate in tumorigenesis either in tissue stem cells or in some of their derivatives. As a rare subset of the tumor, cancer stem cells are the only drive of tumor initiation/propagation. Autologous and cancer stem cells are thus the key targets of 1) long-term and transient-regenerative/epigenetic gene therapy and 2) of recurrence-free anticancer therapy, respectively. While cancer stem cell gene therapy still needs time to accomplish, autologous stem cells have been instrumental in the first unequivocal successes for gene therapy whereby ex vivo retrovirally corrected hematopoietic stem cells have been returned to the patients.This timely book presents 1) the aforementioned stem cell gene therapy achievements that rely on random-integration of therapeutic transgenes into host chromosomes and 2) emerging experimental approaches aimed at eliminating random-integration oncogenic hazards through site-specific integration or gene targeting. Breakthrough endonuclease-boosted gene targeting for gene correction (inherited diseases) or targeted integration of therapeutic transgenes (other disorders) culminating in an efficiency compatible with clinical trials is one of the highlights of the book. Highlights also include the pioneering transplantation of adult pluripotent stem cells as a substitute for tissue-specific stem cells, thereby pinpointing the invaluable potential for stem cell gene therapy applications of autologous cells able to contribute to all three germ layers. Stem cell gene therapy is thus discussed in terms of 1) magnifying stem cell therapeutic homing through transient regenerative gene therapy and 2) of tackling most pathologies (including mitochondrial DNA diseases and ageing disorders) through stem cell repopulation dynamics into appropriate niches (long-term engraftment) and tissues (cell turn-over). Regarding cancer stem cell gene therapy, focus is on both the increasing number of identified tissue-specific cancer stem cells as the ultimate therapeutic targets and on the development of armed stem cells as tumor-homing vectors for targeted anticancer therapy.
Download or read book Advances in Stem Cell Aging written by K.L. Rudolph and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adult stem cells are present in most postnatal tissues of mammals. Tissues with high rates of cell turnover depend on the functional capacity of stem cells for lifelong maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Adult stem cells are also required for the regeneration of tissues in response to injury as in, for example, the regeneration of skeletal muscle. In addition to its function in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, adult stem cells can represent the cell type of origin of various types of cancers including leukemia and colorectal cancer. Stem cells are the most long-lived cells in the proliferative compartment of mammalian tissues. Therefore, stem cells have an increased risk of acquiring mutations that could ultimately lead to the transformation of tissue stem cells.This publication presents the current knowledge in the field of stem cell aging, which was discussed at the Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposium on Advances in Stem Cell Aging in 2011. It will be of special interest to scientists working on stem cell research, aging, regeneration, and cancer as well as physicians and scientists specializing in geriatric medicine, internal medicine, and surgery.
Download or read book DNA Repair and Mutagenesis written by Errol C. Friedberg and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2005-11-22 with total page 2587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential resource for all scientists researching cellular responses to DNA damage. • Introduces important new material reflective of the major changes and developments that have occurred in the field over the last decade. • Discussed the field within a strong historical framework, and all aspects of biological responses to DNA damage are detailed. • Provides information on covering sources and consequences of DNA damage; correcting altered bases in DNA: DNA repair; DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis; regulatory responses to DNA damage in eukaryotes; and disease states associated with defective biological responses to DNA damage.
Download or read book Cancer Stem Cells written by Sharmila A. Bapat and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because the concept and discoveries of cancer stem cells are relatively new, scientists and researchers need an introduction to this dynamic area. Cancer Stem Cells presents a consolidated account of the research done to date and recent progresses in the studies of cancer stem cells. Such a presentation facilitates a better understanding of and draws attention to stem cell and cancer biology - two fields that enhance, move, and evolve into each other continuously. It provides an informative study in designing approaches to apply stem cell principles to cancer biology while offering an overview of the challenges in developing combination stem and cancer biology targets for therapeutics. This book serves as a primer for new researchers in the field of cancer biology.
Download or read book Identify in Breast Cancer Stem Cell Like Cells the Proteins Involved in Non Homologous End Joining DNA Repair written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In breast cancer stem-like cells could contribute not only to the initiation of the cancer but also to recurrence because of the resistance of stem cells to chemo/radiation therapy. From several breast cancer cell lines we have demonstrated the existence of breast cancer stem-like cell subpopulations based on the recognized cell surface markers CD44+/CD24 and ABCG2-mediated Hoechst effiux. After radiation we found that a CD44+/CD24-or low subpopulation showed increased clonogenic survival in MCF-7 and HCC1937 cell lines but not in the MDA-MB231 cell line. However examination of NHEJ activity and expressed proteins of NHEJ did not show any significant difference among the subpopulations suggesting that the increased radiation resistance might not be related to the NHEJ. Furthermore activation of ATM/ATR pathway was significantly different among the subpopulations of MCF-7, HCC1937 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines and these differences in the activation of ATM/ATR pathway may explain the differential radiation resistance of subpopulations.
Download or read book The Multifaceted Role of Exonuclease 1 in DNA Repair and Adult Stem Cell Populations written by Amar Bharat Desai and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DNA damage response is composed of multiple signaling and repair pathways which together constitute an important tool cells utilize to preserve genomic stability. Repair pathways have shown to be critical in many cell types, including in human cancers where upregulation of DNA repair is believed to contribute to therapy resistance. In normal human development it is vital to stem cell populations, including in the hematopoietic system, where maintenance of genomic stability is necessary for development and normal immune function. The precise proteins and pathways responsible for maintaining cellular damage responses are often cell type specific, and identification of critical repair enzymes continues to yield promising therapeutic targets for a plethora of human conditions.The 5'->3' nuclease Exonuclease 1 (Exo1) has been implicated in several cellular processes including DNA mismatch and double strand break repair. Its upregulation has been characterized in human cancers of the breast, lung, colon, bladder and others. Here we examine the role of Exo1 in multiple contexts, including in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), where we describe Exo1 loss in the HSC damage response both in quiescent and active settings. We demonstrate that while Exo1 and homologous recombination (HR) are dispensable for HSCs at steady state, stress induced cell cycle entry results in an HSC reliance on Exo1 mediated HR. We also explore the importance of DNA repair pathways and Exo1 in human lung cancer stem cells using the CD133 marker, and characterize the potential for Exo1 silencing as a cancer stem cell specific therapy. We find that upon prior exposure to double-strand break therapy, CD133+ cells are activated and rely on multiple DNA repair proteins including Exo1, and that this reliance contributes to radiation resistance. Finally we mechanistically describe the role of Exo1 in DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) and identify a compensatory Exo1 independent pathway that cells adopt to minimize genomic instability involving the additional 5'-->3' nucleases Artemis, Fan1, and Mre11.Collectively our findings provide deeper insight into the DNA repair dependence of multiple stem cell populations and characterize the importance of Exonuclease 1 both in stem cell maintenance and as a potential therapeutic target.
Download or read book Cancer Stem Cells written by Stanley Shostak and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last thirty years, the foremost inspiration for research on metastasis, cancer recurrence, and increased resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy has been the notion of cancer stem cells.The twenty-eight chapters assembled in Cancer Stem Cells - The Cutting Edge summarize the work of cancer researchers and oncologists at leading universities and hospitals around the world on every aspect of cancer stem cells, from theory and models to specific applications (glioma), from laboratory research on signal pathways to clinical trials of bio-therapies using a host of devices, from solutions to laboratory problems to speculation on cancers' stem cells' evolution. Cancer stem cells may or may not be a subset of slowly dividing cancer cells that both disseminate cancers and defy oncotoxic drugs and radiation directed at rapidly dividing bulk cancer cells, but research on cancer stem cells has paid dividends for cancer prevention, detection, targeted treatment, and improved prognosis.
Download or read book Hormone Action Part A Steroid Hormones written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1975-01-28 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The critically acclaimed laboratory standard, Methods in Enzymology, is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. The series contains much material still relevant today - truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.
Download or read book Muse Cells written by Mari Dezawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive account of multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, a pluripotent and non-tumorigenic subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have the ability to detect damage signals, migrate to damaged sites, and spontaneously differentiate into cells compatible with the affected tissue, thereby enabling repair of all tissue types. The coverage encompasses everything from the basic properties of Muse cells to their tissue repair effects and potential clinical applications—for example, in acute myocardial infarction, stroke, skin injuries and ulcers, renal failure, and liver disease. An important technical chapter provides a practical and precise protocol for the isolation of Muse cells, which will enable readers to use Muse cells in their own research. In offering fascinating insights into the strategic organization of the body’s reparative function and explaining how full utilization of Muse cells may significantly enhance the effectiveness of MSC treatment, the book will be of high value for Ph.D. students, postdocs, basic researchers, clinical doctors, and industrial developers.
Download or read book The Cancer Stem Cell Niche written by Susie Nilsson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cancer Stem Cell Niche, Volume Five in the Advances in Stem Cells and their Niches series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of timely topics, including Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and the bone marrow microenvironment, Stem cell niches in bone and their roles in cancer metastasis, The role of vasculature in cancer stem cell niches, The lung cancer stem cell niche, The prostate cancer stem cell niche: Genetic drivers and therapeutic approaches, Impact of prostate cancer stem cell niches on prostate cancer tumorigenesis and progression, The testicular cancer stem cell niche. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Advances in Stem Cells and their Niches series Includes the latest information on the Cancer Stem Cell Niche
Download or read book Cancer Stem Cells written by Huiping Liu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-08-16 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer Stem Cells: Targeting the Roots of Cancer, Seeds of Metastasis, and Sources of Therapy Resistance introduces the basic concepts and advanced understanding of cancer stem cells, covering general overviews, organ-specific identifications, and their characteristic mechanisms. The book also explores innovative therapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical trials to target cancer stem cells, remove the roots of cancer, eliminate the seeds of metastasis, overcome the resistance of therapies, and contribute to the eradication of cancer. The book includes contributions from leading, worldwide experts in the field, helping readers embrace new hope in their quest to eradicate cancer with emerging clinical trials on treating cancer stem cells in combination with other therapies. Provides an authoritative and complete overview of cancer stem cells Includes comprehensive coverage of current therapeutic strategies targeting cancer stem cells Deepens a reader’s technical expertise in cancer stem cell biology
