Download or read book Distributed Tracking Decoding and Demodulation Using Wireless Sensor Networks written by Hao Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Tracking in Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Target tracking is an important application for wireless ad hoc sensor networks. Because of the energy and communication constraints imposed by the size of the sensors, the processing has to be distributed over the sensor nodes. This paper discusses issues associated with distributed multiple target tracking for ad hoc sensor networks and examines the applicability of tracking algorithms developed for traditional networks of large sensors. when data association is not an issue, the standard pre- predict/update structure in single target tracking can be used to assign individual tracks to the sensor nodes based on their locations. Track ownership will have to be carefully migrated, using for example information driven sensor tasking, to minimize the need for communication when targets move. when data association is needed in tracking multiple interacting targets, clusters of tracks should be assigned to groups of collaborating nodes. Some recent examples of this type of distributed processing are given. Keywords: Wireless ad hoc sensor networks, multiple target tracking, distributed tracking.

Download or read book Distributed Target Tracking and Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks written by Jichuan Li and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless sensor networks provide useful information for various applications but pose challenges in scalable information processing and network maintenance. This dissertation focuses on statistical methods for distributed information fusion and sensor synchronization for target tracking in wireless sensor networks. We perform target tracking using particle filtering. For scalability, we extend centralized particle filtering to distributed particle filtering via distributed fusion of local estimates provided by individual sensors. We derive a distributed fusion rule from Bayes' theorem and implement it via average consensus. We approximate each local estimate as a Gaussian mixture and develop a sampling-based approach to the nonlinear fusion of Gaussian mixtures. By using the sampling-based approach in the fusion of Gaussian mixtures, we do not require each Gaussian mixture to have a uniform number of mixture components, and thus give each sensor the flexibility to adaptively learn a Gaussian mixture model with the optimal number of mixture components, based on its local information. Given such flexibility, we develop an adaptive method for Gaussian mixture fitting through a combination of hierarchical clustering and the expectation-maximization algorithm. Using numerical examples, we show that the proposed distributed particle filtering algorithm improves the accuracy and communication efficiency of distributed target tracking, and that the proposed adaptive Gaussian mixture learning method improves the accuracy and computational efficiency of distributed target tracking. We also consider the synchronization problem of a wireless sensor network. When sensors in a network are not synchronized, we model their relative clock offsets as unknown parameters in a state-space model that connects sensor observations to target state transition. We formulate the synchronization problem as a joint state and parameter estimation problem and solve it via the expectation-maximization algorithm to find the maximum likelihood solution for the unknown parameters, without knowledge of the target states. We also study the performance of the expectation-maximization algorithm under the Monte Carlo approximations used by particle filtering in target tracking. Numerical examples show that the proposed synchronization method converges to the ground truth, and that sensor synchronization significantly improves the accuracy of target tracking.

Download or read book Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems written by Phil Gibbons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-09 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems, DCOSS 2006, held in San Francisco, California, USA in June 2006. The 33 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 87 submissions. The papers focus on distributed computing issues in large-scale networked sensor systems, including systematic design techniques and tools; they cover topics such as distributed algorithms and applications, programming support and middleware, data aggregation and dissemination, security, information fusion, lifetime maximization, and localization.

Download or read book Distributed Detection and Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks written by Feng Li and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multi target Tracking and Localization in Distributed Wireless Sensor Networks written by Yinfei Fu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Intelligent Wireless Binary Sensor Network System for Indoor Multiple Target Tracking written by Jiang Lu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple human tracking is desirable for many applications ranging from surveillance to gait biometrics, robotics and intelligent space. In recent, the low cost, low power consumption sensors, such as acoustic sensor, thermal sensors, pressure sensors, photonic sensors provide a new way to achieve multiple human tracking compared with the conventional tracking, such as Radar, Sonar and video tracking. Advances in sensor network technologies enable the development of distributed tracking systems. In this thesis, we attempt to explain the multiple human tracking problems with our binary pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors. We will cover from the designs of hardware sensor nodes to the problems of sensor node selection and calibration to the framework of binary compressive tracking to the implementation of distributed wireless senor system for tracking. In particular, we will investigate (a) A compressive multiple human tracking system using space encoding / decoding methods. (b) A Binary compressive tracking framework using low density parity check (LDPC) matrix and linear programming for encoding and decoding schemes. (c) A distributed information filter algorithm for tracking. (d) The information gain based sensor selection scheme and NMF based calibration scheme. The major accomplishments of this thesis include the following four aspects: (1) Space encoding and measurement decoding schemes. The space encoding scheme is based on the low density parity check (LDPC) matrix, which converts k-sparse target position vectors into different codewords. The measurement decoding scheme contains linear programming based localization and graphical model based tracking algorithms, which converts codewords into the states of multiple targets. A posterior Cram\'er-Rao bound analysis is utilized to achieve the tradeoff between the compression ratio of measurements and the accuracy of the tracking system. (2) Information driven sensors selection scheme. The information gain is used to dynamically adding sensors to maximize the information gain. The sensor selection procedure provides the maximum information gain for the whole sensor system which contains the minimum sensor numbers that can be used for tracking. (3) NMF based sensor calibration scheme. We provide a probability model for sensor calibration. Nonnegtive Matrix Factorization method is used to update the probability model. The calibration of sensor parameters, positions and orientations, then can be computed from the updated probability model. (4) Graphical model based problem illustration. We describe the graphical model for tracking algorithms. Various hidden variables can be added in graphical model. Also, a factor graph of tracking is provided to describe the distribute way of belief propagation.

Download or read book Distributed Multi target Tracking in a Wireless Sensor Network Using Diffusion Strategies and Adaptive Combiners written by Jaume Anguera-Peris and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been attracting attention over the past years owing to their capability to observe the environment, process the data, and make decisions. These features have gained importance in the context of object detection and localization, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. Specifically, there is an ongoing trend of solving these problems in a distributed manner, i.e., without the use of a central node controlling all the data generated and exchanged over the network. This project presents an algorithm for tracking multiple objects in a distributed manner using a wireless sensor network. In addition to the objects' locations, the strength of the field that they generate is considered as an unknown parameter to be estimated. The proposed algorithm is based on a diffusion cooperation scheme, which has been shown to provide good performance in distributed implementations. Our algorithm is based on explicit, non-linear tracking, and as such is not restricted to a pre-specified quantization grid in space. We allow for imperfect communication links, where information packets can be lost, and rely on an efficient adaptive combination strategy to improve robust- ness to node and link failures. Performance is analyzed in terms of the mean-squared error (MSE) as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), in situations with different number of objects moving across the field and different probability of packet loss.

Download or read book Distributed Adaptive Estimation and Tracking Using Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks written by Gonzalo Mateos Buckstein and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Tracking and Information drivien Control for Mobile Sensor Networks written by Parisa Jalalkamali and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The main research objective of this thesis is to address distributed target tracking for mobile sensor networks. Based on real-life limitations, we are particularly interested in mobile sensors with Limited Sensing Range (LSR). There are three possible multi-target tracking scenarios for n mobile sensors tracking m targets: i) many sensors tracking few targets n ” m (e.g. tracking high-valued targets), ii) a few sensors track many targets n “ m (e.g. the sensor coverage problem and situational awareness in a crowded airport terminal), and iii) swarms of sensors tracking swarms of targets n,m ” 1 (e.g. selflocalization of autonomous vehicles in intellegent transportation systems). First, we show that all three problems can be posed as coupled distributed estimation and control problems for mobile sensor networks. To tackle this estimation and control problem, we propose a unified theoretical framework in which every mobile agent (or sensor) has a two-fold objective: a) maintaining a safe distance (or minimum separation) from neighboring mobile agents during target tracking and b) enhancing the quality of sensed information collectively by the team of sensors to improve the performance of distributed estimation. In many real-life applications, the quality of sensed data is a function of the proximity to the target. We propose an information-theoretic measure for quality of sensed data by each sensor called the information value as the trace of the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM). This metric of quality of sensed data plays a key role in all of our proposed distributed tracking and control algorithms. We show that objective a) of any mobile agent is fundamentally a "collision-avoidance" (or "separation") objective that is a byproduct of flocking behavior for multi-agent systems [48], while objective b) for LSR-type sensors requires solving an additional control problem to enhance the collective information value of the team of agents. We refer to the latter problem as the information-driven control problem. For distributed tracking on mobile networks, we apply Information Filter and Kalman-Consensus Filter (KCF) as effective algorithms for distributed multi-target tracking on networks. The other problem of interest is the formal stability analysis of the coupled distributed estimation and flocking-based mobility-control and self-deployment algorithms for problems i) and ii). We prove that the error dynamics of the KCF and the structural dynamics of the flock of sensors from a cascade nonlinear system and provide a Lyapunov-based stability analysis of case i). We present additional theoretical results on analysis of information-driven control and tracking algoritjms for problems i) and ii) together with successful experimental results. In addition, we identify the key questions regarding problem iii) that remains the subject of ongoing and future research."

Download or read book Wireless Sensor Networks written by Kazem Sohraby and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-04-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infrastructure for Homeland Security Environments Wireless Sensor Networks helps readers discover the emerging field of low-cost standards-based sensors that promise a high order of spatial and temporal resolution and accuracy in an ever-increasing universe of applications. It shares the latest advances in science and engineering paving the way towards a large plethora of new applications in such areas as infrastructure protection and security, healthcare, energy, food safety, RFID, ZigBee, and processing. Unlike other books on wireless sensor networks that focus on limited topics in the field, this book is a broad introduction that covers all the major technology, standards, and application topics. It contains everything readers need to know to enter this burgeoning field, including current applications and promising research and development; communication and networking protocols; middleware architecture for wireless sensor networks; and security and management. The straightforward and engaging writing style of this book makes even complex concepts and processes easy to follow and understand. In addition, it offers several features that help readers grasp the material and then apply their knowledge in designing their own wireless sensor network systems: * Examples illustrate how concepts are applied to the development and application of * wireless sensor networks * Detailed case studies set forth all the steps of design and implementation needed to solve real-world problems * Chapter conclusions that serve as an excellent review by stressing the chapter's key concepts * References in each chapter guide readers to in-depth discussions of individual topics This book is ideal for networking designers and engineers who want to fully exploit this new technology and for government employees who are concerned about homeland security. With its examples, it is appropriate for use as a coursebook for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students.

Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Artificial Intelligence Software and Systems Engineering written by Tareq Z. Ahram and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-07 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses emerging issues concerning the integration of artificial intelligence systems in our daily lives. It focuses on the cognitive, visual, social and analytical aspects of computing and intelligent technologies, and highlights ways to improve the acceptance, effectiveness, and efficiency of said technologies. Topics such as responsibility, integration and training are discussed throughout. The book also reports on the latest advances in systems engineering, with a focus on societal challenges and next-generation systems and applications for meeting them. Further, it covers some cutting-edge issues in energy, including intelligent control systems for power plant, and technology acceptance models. Based on the AHFE 2021 Conferences on Human Factors in Software and Systems Engineering, Artificial Intelligence and Social Computing, and Energy, held virtually on 25–29 July, 2021, from USA, this book provides readers with extensive information on current research and future challenges in these fields, together with practical insights into the development of innovative services for various purposes.

Download or read book Underwater Communications and Networks written by Yi Lou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook covers all related communication technologies of underwater wireless communication, such as acoustic communication, optical communication, and magneto-inductive communication. After describing each technology, the authors relay their pros and cons, as it is essential to learn the underlying mechanism, advancements, and limitations of these techniques. Therefore, this book provides basics fundamentals of the three technologies, their advantages and disadvantages, and their applications. The authors also introduce research trends, pointing readers in the direction of research in the field of underwater wireless communication. The book is an essential textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in the field of underwater communications. The book is also useful as a reference to undergraduate engineering students, science students, and practicing engineers. The book includes end-of-chapter questions and numerical problems.

Download or read book Measurement Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook written by John G. Webster and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 2273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of the bestselling Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook brings together all aspects of the design and implementation of measurement, instrumentation, and sensors. Reflecting the current state of the art, it describes the use of instruments and techniques for performing practical measurements in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences; explains sensors and the associated hardware and software; and discusses processing systems, automatic data acquisition, reduction and analysis, operation characteristics, accuracy, errors, calibrations, and the incorporation of standards for control purposes. Organized according to measurement problem, the Second Edition: Consists of 2 volumes Features contributions from 240+ field experts Contains 53 new chapters, plus updates to all 194 existing chapters Addresses different ways of making measurements for given variables Emphasizes modern intelligent instruments and techniques, human factors, modern display methods, instrument networks, and virtual instruments Explains modern wireless techniques, sensors, measurements, and applications A concise and useful reference for engineers, scientists, academic faculty, students, designers, managers, and industry professionals involved in instrumentation and measurement research and development, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition provides readers with a greater understanding of advanced applications.

Download or read book Advances in Visual Data Compression and Communication written by Feng Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual information is one of the richest and most bandwidth-consuming modes of communication. To meet the requirements of emerging applications, powerful data compression and transmission techniques are required to achieve highly efficient communication, even in the presence of growing communication channels that offer increased bandwidth. Presenting the results of the author’s years of research on visual data compression and transmission, Advances in Visual Data Compression and Communication: Meeting the Requirements of New Applications provides a theoretical and technical basis for advanced research on visual data compression and communication. The book studies the drifting problem in scalable video coding, analyzes the reasons causing the problem, and proposes various solutions to the problem. It explores the author’s Barbell-based lifting coding scheme that has been adopted as common software by MPEG. It also proposes a unified framework for deriving a directional transform from the nondirectional counterpart. The structure of the framework and the statistic distribution of coefficients are similar to those of the nondirectional transforms, which facilitates subsequent entropy coding. Exploring the visual correlation that exists in media, the text extends the current coding framework from different aspects, including advanced image synthesis—from description and reconstruction to organizing correlated images as a pseudo sequence. It explains how to apply compressive sensing to solve the data compression problem during transmission and covers novel research on compressive sensor data gathering, random projection codes, and compressive modulation. For analog and digital transmission technologies, the book develops the pseudo-analog transmission for media and explores cutting-edge research on distributed pseudo-analog transmission, denoising in pseudo-analog transmission, and supporting MIMO. It concludes by considering emerging developments of information theory for future applications.

Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 39 (thesis year 1994) a total of 13,953 thesis titles from 21 Canadian and 159 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 39 reports theses submitted in 1994, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.