Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by University of California. Distributed Energy Systems Study Group and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future Interim Report Vol 1 and 2 written by University of California, Berkeley and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed energy systems in California s future written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by United States. Department of Energy and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California Future written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Technology Impacts and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Technology Impacts and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Distributed Energy Systems in California s Future written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The construction and use of energy technologies produce environmental and social consequences that are neither desired nor, for the most part, incorporated in the economic costs charged for the energy supplied. Although it is now essentially universally recognized that these 'externalities' or (broadly defined) 'social costs' must somehow be taken into account in the processes by which society chooses among alternative energy options, it is less widely appreciated that these costs - not resource limits or narrow economics - actually define the energy dilemma in the long term. It is important to try to make clear at the outset why this is so. The energy problem resides fundamentally in the fact that the relation between energy and well-being is two-sided. The application of energy as a productive input to the economy, yielding desired goods and services, contributes to well-being; the environmental and social costs of getting and using energy subtract from it. At some level of energy use, and for a given mix of technologies of energy supply, further increases in energy supply will produce incremental social and environmental costs greater than the incremental economic benefits - that is, growth begins to do more harm than good (Holdren, 1977; Committee on Nuclear and Alternative Energy Systems, 1977). This level can be said to define a rational 'limit to growth', as distinct from a strictly physical one. That such a level, beyond which energy growth no longer pays, exists in principle for any mix of technologies of supply and end-use is easily shown from basic economics and physical science; predicting its magnitude exactly is much harder, the more so because social costs even less quantifiable than environmental ones may dominate. Lovins (1976, 1977) evidently believes that the United States is already near or beyond the point, given the 'hard' energy technologies on which it relies, where further growth hurts more than it helps. Whether he is right or wrong about exactly where we are now, however, or in specific judgments about the merits of 'hard' versus 'soft' technologies, it is clear that energy policy for the long term should be shaped by awareness that social-environmental costs, not exhaustion of resources, will limit the amount of human well-being derivable from energy. Maximizing this quantity will require striving for technologies of energy supply with low social and environmental costs per unit of energy delivered, and fostering patterns and technologies of energy end-use that squeeze from each such unit the maximum contribution to human well-being. This perspective, then, elevates environmental and social characteristics to the top of the list of criteria used to select supply technologies from the menu of genuinely long-term options - fission breeder reactors, fusion, direct and indirect harnessing of solar flows, and possibly some forms of geothermal energy. It rationalizes the possibility that society will choose to pay more (in economic terms) for a more benign energy source than for a less benign one. And it argues for using, as a criterion for selecting short-term and transition energy sources, the extent to which these promote and facilitate the transition to a longer term energy future built on more benign sources and efficient end-use. Given a perspective that places environmental and social impacts at the heart of the energy predicament rather than on the periphery, it becomes essential to compare the impacts produced by alternative energy options systematically, comprehensively, and objectively. The information needed to do this properly, even for a limited set of technologies and a limited geographic and cultural context (e.g., California), unfortunately does not exist. What is attempted here, therefore, is to outline a logical framework for such a comparison, and to hang on that framework the partial information that is available on the environmental impacts of some major conventional and nonconventional energy options for California. Although the emphasis in this study is on the latter, the most sensible yardstick to give meaning to the results is provided by the former. The objective is to permit at least some partial and preliminary conclusions about this aspect of the 'soft' energy options, and to identify those areas where additional knowledge is most badly needed. In this analysis sociopolitical impacts are mentioned from time to time for completeness, but the emphasis is on impacts on physical resources and on the physical environment; impacts on institutions and social systems per se are treated more thoroughly in other papers in this project.

Download or read book Distributed Technologies in California s Energy Future written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in Volume 2 of Distributed Energy Systems in California's Future are: Environmental Impacts of Alternative Energy Technologies for California; Land Use Configurations and the Utilization of Distributive Energy Technology; Land Use Implications of a Dispersed Energy Path; Belief, Behavior, and Technologies as Driving Forces in Transitional Stages--The People Problem in Dispersed Energy Futures; Development of an Energy Attitude Survey; Interventions to Influence Firms Toward the Adoption of ''Soft'' Energy Technology; The Entry of Small Firms into Distributed Technology Energy Industries; Short-Term Matching of Supply and Demand in Electrical Systems with Renewable Sources; Vulnerability of Renewable Energy Systems; and District Heating for California.

Download or read book Agile Energy Systems written by Woodrow W. Clark and published by . This book was released on 2004-12-13 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empowering decision makers by setting the vision for a new approach to energy systems and providing the tools and plans to achieve these objectives Provides specific and actionable public policy and programme tools Help solve energy issues worldwide by illustrating how the lessons learned from the California energy crisis can be used to create an agile energy system for any region in a country Due to the recent catastrophic energy system failures in California along with those in the North-Eastern US and Southern Canada, London, and Italy, the time has come to proclaim the failure of deregulation, privatization or liberalization and propose a new energy system. Agile Energy Systems shows in the first section, how five precipitating forces led to the deregulation debacle in California: (1) major technological changes and commercialization, (2) regulatory needs mismatched to societal adjustments, (3) inadequate and flawed economic models, (4) lack of vision, goals, and planning leading to energy failures, and (5) failure and lack of economic regional development. The second half of the book examines how "civic market", new economic models, and planning for a sustainable economic environment counteracted these five forces to create an "agile energy system". This system is based on renewable energy generation, hybrid or combined and distributed generation technologies. Such an agile system can be a new paradigm for both energy efficiency and reliability for any region or country, in contrast to the brittle centralized energy grid systems created by deregulation. Furthermore, the book overviews how the future of energy systems rests in the emerging "clean" hydrogen economy. Empowering decision makers by setting the vision for a new approach to energy systems and providing the tools and plans to achieve these objectives Provides specific and actionable public policy and program tools Helping to solve energy issues worldwide by illustrating how the lessons learned from the California energy crisis can be used to create an "agile energy system" for any region or country

Download or read book California s Electricity System of the Future Scenario Analysis in Support of Public interest Transmission System R D Planning written by Joseph Eto and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Models to Inform Planning for the Future of Electric Power in the United States written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a reliable and resilient supply of electric power to communities across the United States has always posed a complex challenge. Utilities must support daily operations to serve a diverse array of customers across a heterogeneous landscape while simultaneously investing in infrastructure to meet future needs, all while juggling an enormous array of competing priorities influenced by costs, capabilities, environmental and social impacts, regulatory requirements, and consumer preferences. A rapid pace of change in technologies, policies and priorities, and consumer needs and behaviors has further compounded this challenge in recent years. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on February 3, 2020 to explore strategies for incorporating new technologies, planning and operating strategies, business models, and architectures in the U.S. electric power system. Speakers and participants from industry, government, and academia discussed available models for long-term transmission and distribution planning, as well as the broader context of how these models are used and future opportunities and needs. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Download or read book Revisiting California s Energy Future written by Commission on California State Government Organization and Economy and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Political Economy of Grid connected Distributed Power Generation Systems in California written by Sopitsuda Tongsopit and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Critical Changes written by Celia Howell and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: