Download or read book Distributed Cognitions written by Gavriel Salomon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book re-examines the 'distributed' social and cultural contextual factors that affect human cognition.
Download or read book Cognition in the Wild written by Edwin Hutchins and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1996-08-26 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edwin Hutchins combines his background as an anthropologist and an open ocean racing sailor and navigator in this account of how anthropological methods can be combined with cognitive theory to produce a new reading of cognitive science. His theoretical insights are grounded in an extended analysis of ship navigation—its computational basis, its historical roots, its social organization, and the details of its implementation in actual practice aboard large ships. The result is an unusual interdisciplinary approach to cognition in culturally constituted activities outside the laboratory—"in the wild." Hutchins examines a set of phenomena that have fallen in the cracks between the established disciplines of psychology and anthropology, bringing to light a new set of relationships between culture and cognition. The standard view is that culture affects the cognition of individuals. Hutchins argues instead that cultural activity systems have cognitive properties of their own that are different from the cognitive properties of the individuals who participate in them. Each action for bringing a large naval vessel into port, for example, is informed by culture: the navigation team can be seen as a cognitive and computational system. Introducing Navy life and work on the bridge, Hutchins makes a clear distinction between the cognitive properties of an individual and the cognitive properties of a system. In striking contrast to the usual laboratory tasks of research in cognitive science, he applies the principal metaphor of cognitive science—cognition as computation (adopting David Marr's paradigm)—to the navigation task. After comparing modern Western navigation with the method practiced in Micronesia, Hutchins explores the computational and cognitive properties of systems that are larger than an individual. He then turns to an analysis of learning or change in the organization of cognitive systems at several scales. Hutchins's conclusion illustrates the costs of ignoring the cultural nature of cognition, pointing to the ways in which contemporary cognitive science can be transformed by new meanings and interpretations. A Bradford Book
Download or read book Semantic Cognition written by Timothy T. Rogers and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mechanistic theory of the representation and use of semantic knowledge that uses distributed connectionist networks as a starting point for a psychological theory of semantic cognition.
Download or read book Cognition Distributed written by Itiel E. Dror and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008-12-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our species has been a maker and user of tools for over two million years, but "cognitive technology" began with language. Cognition is thinking, and thinking has been "distributed" for at least the two hundred millennia that we have been using speech to interact and collaborate, allowing us to do collectively far more than any of us could have done individually. The invention of writing six millennia ago and print six centuries ago has distributed cognition still more widely and quickly, among people as well as their texts. But in recent decades something radically new has been happening: Advanced cognitive technologies, especially computers and the Worldwide Web, are beginning to redistribute cognition in unprecedented ways, not only among people and static texts, but among people and dynamical machines. This not only makes possible new forms of human collaboration, but new forms of cognition. This book examines the nature and prospects of distributed cognition, providing a conceptual framework for understanding it, and showcasing case studies of its development. This volume was originally published as a Special Issue of Pragmatics & Cognition (14:2, 2006).
Download or read book Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Team Cognition written by Michael McNeese and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The background and interwoven streams of team cognition and distributed cognition fermenting together has wielded new nuances of exploration, which continue to be relevant for a theoretical understanding of team phenomena. Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Teams Cognition looks at fundamentals, theoretical concepts, and how theory informs perspectives of thinking for distributed team cognition. The chapters yield a broad understanding of the nature of diverse thinking and insights into technologies, foundations, and theoretical perspectives of distributed team cognition. Features Generates historical patterns and significance that compose developmental trajectories Explains multiple perspectives that incorporate an interdisciplinary understanding that specifies diverse theories Identifies and develops particular challenges resident within team simulation studies and then illustrates research frameworks Highlights and reviews how team simulations are used to produce dynamic experimental results Investigates and studies research variables within distributed team cognition
Download or read book Distributed Cognition and the Will written by Don Ross and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers and behavioral scientists discuss what, if anything, of the traditional concept of individual conscious will can survive recent scientific discoveries that human decision-making is distributed across different brain processes and through the social environment. Recent scientific findings about human decision making would seem to threaten the traditional concept of the individual conscious will. The will is threatened from "below" by the discovery that our apparently spontaneous actions are actually controlled and initiated from below the level of our conscious awareness, and from "above" by the recognition that we adapt our actions according to social dynamics of which we are seldom aware. In Distributed Cognition and the Will, leading philosophers and behavioral scientists consider how much, if anything, of the traditional concept of the individual conscious will survives these discoveries, and they assess the implications for our sense of freedom and responsibility. The contributors all take science seriously, and they are inspired by the idea that apparent threats to the cogency of the idea of will might instead become the basis of its reemergence as a scientific subject. They consider macro-scale issues of society and culture, the micro-scale dynamics of the mind/brain, and connections between macro-scale and micro-scale phenomena in the self-guidance and self-regulation of personal behavior. Contributors: George Ainslie, Wayne Christensen, Andy Clark, Paul Sheldon Davies, Daniel C. Dennett, Lawrence A. Lengbeyer, Dan Lloyd, Philip Pettit, Don Ross, Tamler Sommers, Betsy Sparrow, Mariam Thalos, Jeffrey B. Vancouver, Daniel M. Wegner, Tadeusz W. ZawidzkiDon Ross is Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Finance, Economics, and Quantitative Methods at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Professor of Economics at the University of Cape Town, South Africa. David Spurrett is Professor of Philosophy at the Howard College Campus of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Harold Kincaid is Professor and Chair of the Department of Philosophy and Director of the Center for Ethics and Values in the Sciences at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. G. Lynn Stephens is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Download or read book Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture written by Miranda Anderson and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection brings together 14 essays by international specialists in Medieval and Renaissance culture to bring recent insights from cognitive science and philosophy of mind to bear on how cognition was seen as distributed across brain, body and world between the 9th and 17th centuries.
Download or read book Distributed Cognition in Classical Antiquity written by Miranda Anderson and published by Edinburgh History of Distribut. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 12 essays by international experts look at how cognition is explicitly or implicitly conceived of as distributed across brain, body and world in Greek and Roman technology, science, medicine, material culture, philosophy and literary studies.
Download or read book Handbook of Distributed Team Cognition written by Michael McNeese and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary society is held together by interactive groups and teams carrying out work to accomplish various intentions and purposes often within challenging and ill-defined environments. Cooperative work is accomplished through the synergy of human teamwork and technological innovation within domains such as health and medicine; cyber security; transportation; command, control, communication, and intelligence; aviation; manufacturing; criminal justice; space exploration; and emergency crisis management. Distributed team cognition is ubiquitous across and within each of these domains in myriad ways. The Handbook of Distributed Team Cognition provides three volumes that delve into the intricacies of research findings in terms of how cognition is embodied within specific environments while being distributed across time, space, information, people, and technologies. Distributed team cognition is examined from broad, interdisciplinary perspectives and developed using different themes and worldviews. Foundations and Theoretical Perspectives of Distributed Teams Cognition provides an informed view of the history and foundations underlying the development of the field while looking at the theoretical significance of research. Contemporary Research: Models, Methodologies, and Measures in Distributed Team Cognition strengthens these foundations and theories by looking at how research has evolved through the use of different experiments, methods, measures, and models. Fields of Practice and Applied Solutions within Distributed Teams Cognition considers the importance of technological support of teamwork and what it means for applied systems and specific fields of practice. Together these three volumes entwine a comprehensive knowledge of distributed team cognition that is invaluable for professors, scientists, engineers, designers, specialists, and students alike who need specific information regarding history, cognitive science, experimental studies, research approaches, measures and analytics, digital collaborative technologies and intelligent agents, and real world applications; all of which have led to a dynamic revolution in cooperative work / teamwork in both theory and practice.
Download or read book Technology and Psychological Well being written by Yair Amichai-Hamburger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the modern world we are surrounded by technology. Gadgets such as cell phones, portable computers, and electronic diaries accompany us throughout the day. But is this a good thing? Are we being served by these technological wonders, or have we become enslaved by them? Does constant availability via technology make us more efficient or more stressed? Is our ability to connect with others all over the world, day or night, making us more sociable or turning us into recluses in a virtual world? This book considers the impact of technology on the different spheres of our life - work, home, family and leisure - and assesses ways in which to build better communication between technology developers and society to ensure that technology enhances our lives and psychological well-being, rather than damaging them.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition written by Albert Newen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4E cognition (embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended) is a relatively young and thriving field of interdisciplinary research. It assumes that cognition is shaped and structured by dynamic interactions between the brain, body, and both the physical and social environments. With essays from leading scholars and researchers, The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition investigates this recent paradigm. It addresses the central issues of embodied cognition by focusing on recent trends, such as Bayesian inference and predictive coding, and presenting new insights, such as the development of false belief understanding. The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition also introduces new theoretical paradigms for understanding emotion and conceptualizing the interactions between cognition, language, and culture. With an entire section dedicated to the application of 4E cognition in disciplines such as psychiatry and robotics, and critical notes aimed at stimulating discussion, this Oxford handbook is the definitive guide to 4E cognition. Aimed at neuroscientists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and philosophers, The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition will be essential reading for anyone with an interest in this young and thriving field.
Download or read book Distributed Decision Making written by Jens Rasmussen and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1991-08-26 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frequently (and often inappropriately) decision making in the work environment has been analyzed and modeled in terms of isolated decisions made by one person. In reality, decision making is a continuous, interpersonal process usually involving several ``decision makers'' aiming at dynamic and cooperative control of the state of affairs at work. Based on original contributions from researchers and research teams, this book provides an urgently needed cognitive approach to models of distributed decision making, exploring the basis for design of decision support systems in various complex, collective, modern work environments. It identifies the state of the art of modeling distributed decision making and the problems imposed by modern high-tech systems. A also formulates promising research avenues.
Download or read book Distributed Cognition and the Will written by Don Ross and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers and behavioral scientists discuss what, if anything, of the traditional concept of individual conscious will can survive recent scientific discoveries that human decision-making is distributed across different brain processes and through the social environment. Recent scientific findings about human decision making would seem to threaten the traditional concept of the individual conscious will. The will is threatened from "below" by the discovery that our apparently spontaneous actions are actually controlled and initiated from below the level of our conscious awareness, and from "above" by the recognition that we adapt our actions according to social dynamics of which we are seldom aware. In Distributed Cognition and the Will, leading philosophers and behavioral scientists consider how much, if anything, of the traditional concept of the individual conscious will survives these discoveries, and they assess the implications for our sense of freedom and responsibility. The contributors all take science seriously, and they are inspired by the idea that apparent threats to the cogency of the idea of will might instead become the basis of its reemergence as a scientific subject. They consider macro-scale issues of society and culture, the micro-scale dynamics of the mind/brain, and connections between macro-scale and micro-scale phenomena in the self-guidance and self-regulation of personal behavior. Contributors George Ainslie, Wayne Christensen, Andy Clark, Paul Sheldon Davies, Daniel C. Dennett, Lawrence A. Lengbeyer, Dan Lloyd, Philip Pettit, Don Ross, Tamler Sommers, Betsy Sparrow, Mariam Thalos, Jeffrey B. Vancouver, Daniel M. Wegner, Tadeusz W. Zawidzki
Download or read book Parallel Distributed Processing written by David E. Rumelhart and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What makes people smarter than computers? These volumes by a pioneering neurocomputing group suggest that the answer lies in the massively parallel architecture of the human mind. They describe a new theory of cognition called connectionism that is challenging the idea of symbolic computation that has traditionally been at the center of debate in theoretical discussions about the mind. The authors' theory assumes the mind is composed of a great number of elementary units connected in a neural network. Mental processes are interactions between these units which excite and inhibit each other in parallel rather than sequential operations. In this context, knowledge can no longer be thought of as stored in localized structures; instead, it consists of the connections between pairs of units that are distributed throughout the network. Volume 1 lays the foundations of this exciting theory of parallel distributed processing, while Volume 2 applies it to a number of specific issues in cognitive science and neuroscience, with chapters describing models of aspects of perception, memory, language, and thought.
Download or read book Contemporary Research written by Michael McNeese and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of Contemporary Research: Models, Methodologies, and Measures in Distributed Team Cognition is to advance knowledge in terms of real-world interactions among information, people, and technologies through explorations and discovery embedded within the research topics covered. Each chapter provides insight, comprehension, and differing yet cogent perspectives to topics relevant within distributed team cognition. Experts present their use of models and frameworks, different approaches to studying distributed team cognition, and new types of measures and indications of successful outcomes. The research topics presented span the continuum of interdisciplinary philosophies, ideas, and concepts that underline research investigation. Features Articulates distributed team cognition principles/constructs within studies, models, methods, and measures Utilizes experimental studies and models as cases to explore new analytical techniques and tools Provides team situation awareness measurement, mental model assessment, conceptual recurrence analysis, quantitative model evaluation, and unobtrusive measures Transforms analytical output from tools/models as a basis for design in collaborative technologies Generates an interdisciplinary approach using multiple methods of inquiry
Download or read book Contemporary Psychological Research on Social Dilemmas written by Ramzi Suleiman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-06-21 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is organized around four core issues, individual differences, which determine people's preferences for outcomes that promote either their own or their group's well-being; the study of dynamic processes based on simulations of artificial societies; social dilemmas that emerge in intergroup conflicts; and the effect of various types and sources of uncertainty on behavior in social dilemma situations."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Computers As Cognitive Tools written by Susanne P. Lajoie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting and illustrating several important and interesting theoretical trends that have emerged in the continuing development of instructional technology, this book's organizational framework is based on the notion of two opposing camps. One evolves out of the intelligent tutoring movement, which employs artificial-intelligence technologies in the service of student modeling and precision diagnosis, and the other emerges from a constructivist/developmental perspective that promotes exploration and social interaction, but tends to reject the methods and goals of the student modelers. While the notion of opposing camps tends to create an artificial rift between groups of researchers, it represents a conceptual distinction that is inherently more interesting and informative than the relatively meaningless divide often drawn between "intelligent" and "unintelligent" instructional systems. An evident trend is that researchers in both "camps" view their computer learning environments as "cognitive tools" that can enhance learning, performance, and understanding. Cognitive tools are objects provided by the instructional environment that allow students to incorporate new auxiliary methods or symbols into their social problem solving which otherwise would be unavailable. A final section of the book represents researchers who are assimilating and accommodating the wisdom and creativity of their neighbors from both camps, perhaps forming the look of technology for the future. When the idea of model tracing in a computer-based environment is combined with appreciation for creative mind-extension cognitive tools and for how a community of learners can facilitate learning, a camp is created where AI technologists and social constructivist learning theorists can feel equally at home.
