Download or read book Discovery and Fine Mapping of a Locus for Adult Plant Stripe Rust Resistance in Hexaploid Wheat written by Nicolas Cobo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cereal rusts are among the most destructive plant diseases, and have affected human food supply for millennia. Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is currently the most important of the three wheat rusts in California. Since the year 2000, the appearance of newer, more virulent and aggressive Pst races with tolerance to high temperatures has been associated with devastating epidemics worldwide and prompted the search for new sources of Pst resistance. In Chapter 1, four Pst resistance QTL effective against the new Pst races were identified using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between the Argentinean varieties Klein Proteo and Klein Chajá. These QTL showed additive effects and they confer adequate levels of field resistance when combined. However, only QYr.ucw-1BL showed effective adult-plant resistance (APR) during the six years it was tested (P
Download or read book The Discovery Validation and Fine Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance QTL in a Hexaploid Wheat Mapping Population written by Iago Zebediah Lowe and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bane of wheat-based agricultural societies for millennia, the rust diseases continue to pose the single largest biotic threat to global wheat production despite more than a century of systematic scientific work on this important pathosystem. Recent breaches of numerous widely deployed sources of resistance have brought the wheat rusts once more to the center of global agricultural concerns and urge us to consider how, aided by new tools in molecular genetics and genomics, we may one day develop truly durable strategies of resistance to these sophisticated and evolving pathogens. Chapter 1 provides an historical overview of wheat rust resistance and argues that a new conceptual framework, one prioritizing the functional classification of quantitative resistance genes, is needed if the objective of developing deployable strategies of durable rust resistance is to be met. Chapter 2 details the identification and validation of stripe rust resistance QTL segregating in a hexaploid wheat mapping population. By focusing on sources of partial resistance, phenotyping under pressure from a broadly-virulent pathogen population in the field, characterizing the mapping population over multiple seasons, and validating the discovered QTL in independent populations, this study models the approach to rust resistance QTL identification and validation outlined in the first chapter. Chapter 3 presents the reasons for prioritizing continued investment in Yr48, a non-major resistance gene identified in the described mapping population. This discussion is followed by further phenotypic characterization of Yr48 and dissection of its validated QTL region, work which sets the stage for the construction of a physical map of the Yr48 region and the positional cloning of this novel source of resistance. The final section of this dissertation outlines the likely future research activities motivated by the results presented in the previous chapters. While it may be several years before Yr48 is cloned, this dissertation provides a solid justification and foundation for that work. And through its eventual identification and functional characterization, Yr48 promises to advance our understanding of the mechanisms of quantitative resistance to wheat stripe rust and thereby facilitate the long-term goal of engineering strategies of durable resistance to this historic agricultural pathogen.
Download or read book Precise Mapping of Hessian Fly and Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in Pacific Northwest Wheat Germplasm Triticum Aestivum L written by Esra Alwan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hessian fly and stripe rust are major pests of spring wheat in the Pacific Northwest and cultivar resistance is a primary breeding goal. Hessian fly (HF) infestations continue to cause significant yield losses in spring wheat in the Pacific Northwest. In wheat, resistance to Hessian fly is usually controlled in a gene for gene manner, similar to other pathosystems. Hessian fly resistance genes in wheat have been failing as a result to the rapid evolutionary pace of the insect. Stripe rust (denoted by Yr) is a destructive foliar disease of wheat casing damage on an annual basis. Most of the Yr named resistance genes have been overcome as a result of the continuing emergence of new virulence races. Genetic resistance remains the most effective and economical approach to minimize yield losses and respond to pathogen evolution. A doubled haploid (DH) mapping population was generated from a cross between two elite spring wheat lines; 'WA8076', and 'HT080158LU'. The DH population was genotyped with 90K SNP markers using the Illumina Infinium platform. Phenotypic assessment was carried out on the DH population for both Hessian fly and stripe rust response. The genotyping efforts resulted in a total 15,236 polymorphic SNP markers used to establish a high-density genetic map. A single Hessian fly resistance gene (HFR) derived from 'WA8076' was detected on the distal region of chromosome 6BS, flanked by two SNP markers IWB71431 and IWB61175 at a distance of 2.6 cM. In addition, a total of 13 genes/QTL were found to be associated with stripe rust resistance. The adapted superior lines with Yr resistance will be directly incorporated in subsequent breeding efforts as a durable source of resistance. The closely linked SNP markers to the resistance loci, identified in this study, will provide an effective tool to accurately identify, select, and integrate the HF and Yr resistance genes into existing wheat cultivars. The highly dense SNP-based genetic map provides useful information for fine mapping and finding candidate genes underlying QTLs as well as marker-assisted breeding. Furthermore, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) we performed for both seedling and adult plant response in a diverse population of winter wheat germplasm. The population was genotyped with the 90K iSelect wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Our GWAS study identified a total of 26 loci, comprising a range of existing and novel loci associated with stripe rust resistance. Resistance loci in the winter wheat germplasm can be exploited in the development of broadly-effective disease-resistant commercial wheat cultivars.
Download or read book Stripe Rust written by Xianming Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively introduces stripe rust disease, its development and its integral control. Covering the biology, genetics, genome, and functional genomics of the pathogen, it also discusses host and non-host resistance, their interactions and the epidemiology of the disease. It is intended for scientists, postgraduates and undergraduate studying stripe rust, plant pathology, crop breeding, crop protection and agricultural science, but is also a valuable reference book for consultants and administrators in agricultural businesses and education.
Download or read book Mapping High Temperature Adult Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust Puccinia Striiformis in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum and Characterization of Their Interaction on a Molecular Level written by Taras Nazarov and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here we report the discovery of precise molecular marker for HTAP resistance locus in wheat cultivar Louise. Using Louise x Penawawa mapping population, coupled with data from survey sequences of wheat genome, linkage mapping and synteny analysis, we developed expressed, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker LPHTAP2B on the short arm of wheat chromosome 2B. It perfectly segregates with the resistant phenotype and explains 62% of phenotypic variance based on disease severity, and 58% based on infection type.
Download or read book Applications of Genetic and Genomic Research in Cereals written by Thomas Miedaner and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of Genetic and Genomic Research in Cereals covers new techniques for practical breeding, also discussing genetic and genomic approaches for improving special traits. Additional sections cover drought tolerance, biotic stress, biomass production, the impact of modern techniques on practical breeding, hybrid breeding, genetic diversity, and genomic selection. Written by an international team of top academics and edited by an expert in the field, this book will be of value to academics working in the agricultural sciences and essential reading for professionals working in plant breeding. Provides in-depth and comprehensive coverage of a rapidly developing field Presents techniques used in genetic and genomics research, with coverage of genotyping, gene cloning, genome editing and engineering and phenotyping in various cereals Includes the latest genetic and genomic approaches for improving special traits - drought tolerance, biotic stress and biomass production Covers breeding practices, with chapters on the genetic diversity of wheat, hybrid breeding and the potential of rye and barley crops
Download or read book Molecular Mapping of Rust Resistant Qtls in a Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Population written by Jeffrey David Kovach and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Contrasting Genotypes Cultivars to Discover Novel Players in Crop Responses to Abiotic Biotic Stresses written by Raul Antonio Sperotto and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat Rusts written by RA McIntosh and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although stem rust has been controlled by means of resistant cultivars, leaf and stripe rust continue as problems for many growing areas of the world. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes has been prepared by specialists from one of the leading international laboratories, and illustrates with colour photographs typical resistance phenotypes associated with most known genes for resistance to the three rust diseases of wheat. Relevant details for each gene include chromosome location, aspects of genetics and pathogen variation, the effects of environment on expression, origin, availability in genetic and breeding stocks, and use in agriculture. This atlas includes an introduction to host:pathogen genetics, methodologies for wheat rust research and breeding for resistance.
Download or read book Inheritance and Improvement of Disease Resistance or Stress Tolerance for Triticeae Crops written by Pengtao Ma and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-28 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Targeting Quantitative Trait Loci for Adult Plant Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat written by Onoufrios Agathoclis Philippou and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genome wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction for Resistance to Rusts Puccinia Spp in Wheat Germplasm Collections written by Kebede Tadesse Muleta and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic selection has the potential to enhance the utilization of germplasm collections through prediction of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) for as many traits as have been measured. We assessed the effect of different population genetic properties and marker density scenarios on GEBV accuracy in the context of applying GS for wheat germplasm utilization. The results of the cross-validation tests demonstrated that prediction accuracy increased with increase in population size and marker density. The results of the current GS suggests that larger germplasm collections may be more efficiently sampled based on lower-density genotyping methods, while genetic relationships between the training and validation populations remain critical when exploiting GS to select from germplasm collections.
Download or read book Genetic Mapping of Adult Plant Stripe Rust Resistance in the Wheat Cultivar Kariega written by Viresh Premraj Ramburan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book QTL Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance and End use Quality in Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Emily Frances Klarquist and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Stripe Rust Resistance and Yield related Traits in an Overley X Overland Population written by Wardah K. Mustahsan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat is a vital cereal crop, providing 20 % of the daily nutritional requirements for consumers worldwide. Although there has been a substantial increase in production and yield gains, food demands will still be on the rise in future decades, and wheat yields must continue to increase rapidly to meet these demands. Grain yield can be inhibited by biotic factors (pathogens), which require the development of resistant varieties against pathogens. Stripe (yellow) rust produces massive yield losses in wheat production, and ample resistance against stripe rust is achieved by pyramiding multiple resistant genes together. Yield also can be improved by characterizing the underlying mechanisms that define yield and yield-related traits. We used breeding technology tools to dissect the genetic architecture of yield-related traits, yield, and stripe rust resistance to identify genomic regions that can improve these traits in wheat germplasm and broaden the genetic resources available for breeders to develop robust breeding germplasm that can improve the profitability and resilience of wheat production. Stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis (Pst), is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. In commercial production, stripe rust reduces forage yield, grain yield and grain quality. Yield losses caused by stripe rust range from 10% to 70%. This study was conducted using two different wheat reference genomes (IWGSC v2.1('Chinese Spring') and 'Jagger') to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with adult plant field resistance to stripe rust in the hard winter wheat RIL population, 'Overley' x 'Overland' to provide breeders with identified genomic regions associated with quantitative field resistance. Our QTL analysis identified genomic regions on 2AS (2N[superscript v]S translocation), 2BS, 2BL, and 2DL using two different mapping methods (Inclusive Composite Interval Mapping and Multi-Environmental Trial Analysis) that were associated with stripe rust resistance for both infection type and severity using genetic maps from both genomes. There were no meaningful differences in interpreting the data from the two maps. Overley contributed the resistance alleles at the 2AS and 2BL QTLs. Overland contributed the resistance alleles at the 2BS and 2DL QTLs. The 2DL QTL (QYr.hwwg-2D) will be further refined due its environmental stability for resistance. We designed PCR-based SNP marker assays to efficiently identify these genomic regions in breeding populations. Yield improvement can be facilitated by a deeper understanding of the underlying infrastructure of components that determine grain yield. We performed a QTL analysis on the population Overley x Overland, to identify genomic regions in our population can explain the variation in yield and its components in field trials using the two different reference maps. We identified major QTLs in both reference maps for yield (3BL), single kernel weight (4AL), plant height (6AS), grains per spike (4AL), thousand grain weight (4AL), and physiological maturity (2BS). The Jagger map identified more QTLs (40 QTLs) than the IWGSCv2.1 map (30 QTLs). The future direction of these studies will be marker development to utilize these QTLs in yield-improvement breeding programs.
Download or read book Molecular Mapping and Characterization of Stripe Rust Resistance Genes in Important Winter Wheat Cultivars in the U S Pacific Northwest written by Lu Liu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst), is one of the most devastating and economically important diseases across major wheat growing regions in the world. Growing resistant cultivars is the most effective and environmentally sound method for controlling the disease. This study was conducted to identify resistance genes/QTL in three winter wheat cultivars Madsen, Skiles and Eltan and develop molecular markers for marker-assisted selection. Madsen has shown high-level and durable resistance since its release in 1988 and was identified to have both all-stage resistance (ASR) and high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance. Two major effect ASR QTL on chromosome arms 1AS and 2AS, one minor ASR QTL on 1BS and two HTAP resistance QTL on 3BS and 6BS were identified in Madsen. Skiles is susceptible to all tested Pst races at seedling stage but shows strong resistance at adult-plant stage with higher resistance level expressed at high temperature, indicating that Skiles has only HTAP resistance against the tested Pst races. Six HTAP resistance QTL were mapped in Skiles, with two major QTL mapped on 3BS and 4BL and four minor QTL on 1BL, 5AL, 6B and 7DL. Markers linked to the QTL were used to select highly resistant breeding lines derived from crosses with Skiles. Eltan has shown variable reactions from moderate susceptibility to resistance in different years since its release in 1990. Five QTL were detected in Eltan, with two major ASR QTL on 2BS and 4BL, one minor ASR on 5BS and two minor HTAP resistance QTL on 6AS and 7BL. The two major ASR QTL became less effective due to the fact that the Pst population has changed to virulent, leading to the resistance reduction in Eltan. By studying these three wheat cultivars with different genes for different types of resistance, it is concluded that the best strategy to achieve high-level and durable resistance is to combine several genes for effective ASR and adequate HTAP resistance. These studies provide the information of useful genes and molecular markers for improving resistance to stripe rust in wheat cultivars.
Download or read book Australian Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
