Download or read book DIF Analyses Between Groups when Group Size and Ability Distributions Differ written by Lynne Marguerite Hollingshead and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Journal of Language Studies IJLS volume 5 3 written by Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011-07-16 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers in this issue:(1) Jesús García Laborda & Miguel Fernández Álvarez: Teachers' opinions towards the integration of oral tasks in the Spanish University Examination; (2)Oksana Laleko:Restructuring of verbal aspect in Heritage Russian: Beyond lexicalization; (3) Yu-Cheng Lee:Comparison of politeness and acceptability perceptions of request strategies between Chinese learners of English and native English speakers; (4) Kunal Kamal Kumar: Development and application of an instrument to find out the linguistic background of employees in MNCs; (5) Amelia Maria Cava: Abstracting science: A corpus-based approach to research article abstracts; (6) Reima Al-Jarf: Helping medical students with online videos; (7) Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan & Nafiseh Khakbaz: Theses 'Discussion' sections: A structural move analysis; (8) Hossein Karami & Mohammad Ali Salmani Nodoushan: Differential Item Functioning (DIF): Current problems and future directions; (9) Forough Rahimi: Book Review
Download or read book Cross Cultural Analysis written by Eldad Davidov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended to bridge the gap between the latest methodological developments and cross-cultural research, this interdisciplinary resource presents the latest strategies for analyzing cross-cultural data. Techniques are demonstrated through the use of applications that employ cross-national data sets such as the latest European Social Survey. With an emphasis on the generalized latent variable approach, internationally prominent researchers from a variety of fields explain how the methods work, how to apply them, and how they relate to other methods presented in the book. Syntax and graphical and verbal explanations of the techniques are included. Online resources, available at www.routledge.com/9781138690271, include some of the data sets and syntax commands used in the book. Applications from the behavioral and social sciences that use real data-sets demonstrate: The use of samples from 17 countries to validate the resistance to change scale across these nations How to test the cross-national invariance properties of social trust The interplay between social structure, religiosity, values, and social attitudes A comparison of anti-immigrant attitudes and patterns of religious orientations across European countries. The second edition includes six new chapters and two revised ones presenting exciting developments in the literature of cross-cultural analysis including topics such as approximate measurement invariance, alignment optimization, sensitivity analyses, a mixed-methods approach to test for measurement invariance, and a multilevel structural equation modeling approach to explain noninvariance. This book is intended for researchers, practitioners, and advanced students interested in cross-cultural research. Because the applications span a variety of disciplines, the book will appeal to researchers and students in: psychology, political science, sociology, education, marketing and economics, geography, criminology, psychometrics, epidemiology, and public health, as well as those interested in methodology. It is also appropriate for an advanced methods course in cross-cultural analysis.
Download or read book Assessment Measurement and Prediction for Personnel Decisions written by Robert M. Guion and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Guion’s best seller is now available in this new second edition. This noted book offers a comprehensive and practical view of assessment –based personnel decisions not available elsewhere in a single source. This edition more frankly evaluates the current research and practice and presents challenges that will change the basic thinking about staffing systems. This new edition suggests new directions for research and practice, includes emphasis on modern computers and technology useful in assessment, and pays more attention to prediction of individual growth and globalization challenges in the assessment process. The book will be of interest to faculty and students in Industrial Organizational psychology, human resource management and business. IO psychologists in private business and public sector organizations who have responsibilities for staffing and an interest in measurement and statistics will find this book useful.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics written by Neil J. Salkind and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 1491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of measurement and statistics can be less than inviting. However, in fields as varying as education, politics, and health care, assessment and the use of measurement and statistics have become integral parts of almost every activity undertaken. These activities require the organization of ideas, the generation of hypotheses, the collection of data, and the interpretation, illustration, and analysis of data. No matter where educated people look, this critical analysis is more important than ever in an age where information—and lots of it—is readily available. The ideas and tools contained in the Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics are approachable and can be invaluable for understanding a very technical world and the increasing flow of information. Although there are references that cover statistics and assessment in depth, none provides as comprehensive a resource in as focused and accessible a manner as the three volumes of this Encyclopedia. Through approximately 500 contributions, experts provide an overview and an explanation of the major topics in these two areas. Key Features Covers every major facet of these two different, but highly integrated disciplines—from mean, mode, and median to reliability, validity, significance, correlation, and much more—all without overwhelming the informed reader Offers cross-disciplinary coverage, with contributions from and applications to the fields of Psychology, Education, Sociology, Human Development, Political Science, Business and Management, Public Health, and others Provides cross-reference terms, further readings, and Web site URLs following most entries, as well as an extensive set of appendices and an annotated list of organizations relevant to measurement and statistics Appendices Features Appendix A is a guide to basic statistics for those readers who might like an instructional step-by-step presentation of basic concepts in statistics and measurement Appendix B is a table of critical values used in hypothesis testing and an important part of any reference in this area Appendix C represents a collection of some important and useful measurement and statistics Internet sites A primary goal of creating this set of volumes is to open up the broad discipline of measurement and statistics to a wider and more general audience than usual. Edited by bestselling author Neil J. Salkind, this Encyclopedia is specifically designed to appeal to beginning and intermediate-level students, practitioners, researchers, and consumers of information. It is a welcome addition to any academic library.
Download or read book Differential Item Functioning written by Paul W. Holland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test fairness is a moral imperative for both the makers and the users of tests. This book focuses on methods for detecting test items that function differently for different groups of examinees and on using this information to improve tests. Of interest to all testing and measurement specialists, it examines modern techniques used routinely to insure test fairness. Three of these relevant to the book's contents are: * detailed reviews of test items by subject matter experts and members of the major subgroups in society (gender, ethnic, and linguistic) that will be represented in the examinee population * comparisons of the predictive validity of the test done separately for each one of the major subgroups of examinees * extensive statistical analyses of the relative performance of major subgroups of examinees on individual test items.
Download or read book Detecting DIF in Polytomous Item Responses written by Fang Tian and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of polytomously scored items in educational tests is becoming increasingly common with new types of assessments such as performance assessment It is believed that performance assessment provides more equitable approaches to testing than traditional multiple-choice tests. However, some forms of performance assessment may be more likely than conventional tests to be influenced by construct-irrelevant factors, resulting in differential item functioning (DIF). Several methods have been proposed for DIF assessment with polytomous item responses, such as the Mantel procedure (Mantel, 1963), the generalized Mantel-Haenszel procedure (GMH) (Mantel & Haenszel, 1959), the polytomous extension of the standardization approach (STND) (Potenza & Dorans, 1995), the polytomous extension of SIBTEST (SIBTEST) (Chang, Mazzeo, & Roussos, 1996), and logistic discriminant function analysis (LDFA) (Miller & Spray, 1993). The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the performance of the Mantel, GMH, STND, SIBTEST, and LDFA (LDFA-Uniform and LDFA-Nonuniform) procedures in detecting DIF with polytomous item responses under a variety of conditions. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate their Type I error and power in detecting DIF when the properties of the items were known. The factors considered were group ability distribution differences (three levels), test length (two levels), sample size (three levels), sample size ratio (two levels), item discrimination (null DIF, constant uniform DIF, and balanced uniform DIF) or item-discrimination parameter difference between reference and focal groups (nonuniform DIF) (three levels), and DIF conditions (four levels). Based on the findings of this study, all procedures had good and comparable Type I error control when groups were equal in ability or when groups had a small ability difference and item discrimination was not high or when groups had a large ability difference and item discrimination was low. Both LDFA-Nonuniform and GMH can be used to detect nonuniform DIF with LDFA-Nonuniform being more powerful when two groups had equal ability distributions and GMH being more powerful when two groups had different ability distributions. Finally, results from this study indicated that the LDFA procedure is preferable over the other procedures. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Download or read book Stevens Handbook of Experimental Psychology Methodology in Experimental Psychology written by John T. Wixted and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-01-16 with total page 915 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now available in paperback. This revised and updated edition of the definitive resource for experimental psychology offers comprehensive coverage of the latest findings in the field, as well as the explosion of research in neuroscience. Volume Four: Methodology in Experimental Psychology, organized by topic, focuses on the comparative research methods used to measure psychological, social, behavioral, and cognitive processes in human development.
Download or read book Measurement Theory in Action written by Kenneth S Shultz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-30 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurement Theory in Action, Third Edition, helps readers apply testing and measurement theories and features 22 self-contained modules which instructors can match to their courses. Each module features an overview of a measurement issue and a step-by-step application of that theory. Best Practices provide recommendations for ensuring the appropriate application of the theory. Practical Questions help students assess their understanding of the topic. Students can apply the material using real data in the Exercises, some of which require no computer access, while others involve the use of statistical software to solve the problem. Case Studies in each module depict typical dilemmas faced when applying measurement theory followed by Questions to Ponder to encourage critical examination of the issues noted in the cases. The book’s website houses the data sets, additional exercises, PowerPoints, and more. Other features include suggested readings to further one’s understanding of the topics, a glossary, and a comprehensive exercise in Appendix A that incorporates many of the steps in the development of a measure of typical performance. Updated throughout to reflect recent changes in the field, the new edition also features: Recent changes in understanding measurement, with over 50 new and updated references Explanations of why each chapter, article, or book in each module’s Further Readings section is recommended Instructors will find suggested answers to the book’s questions and exercises; detailed solutions to the exercises; test bank with 10 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions for each module; and PowerPoint slides. Students and instructors can access SPSS data sets; additional exercises; the glossary; and additional information helpful in understanding psychometric concepts. It is ideal as a text for any psychometrics or testing and measurement course taught in psychology, education, marketing, and management. It is also an invaluable reference for professional researchers in need of a quick refresher on applying measurement theory.
Download or read book Assessing Differential Bundle Functioning Using Meta analysis written by Lanrong Li and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When developing a test, it is essential to ensure that the test is free of items with differential item functioning (DIF). DIF occurs when examinees of equal ability, but from different examinee subgroups, have different chances of getting the item correct. According to the multidimensional perspective, DIF occurs because the test measures more than one dimension, and examinees from different groups have unequal distributions on the secondary dimension(s) conditional on the primary dimension measured by the test. Often, more than one item is measured by the secondary dimension. The DIF of individual items may be hard to detect statistically but can accumulate to an unacceptable degree at the item cluster/bundle level. Differential bundle functioning (or DBF) occurs when examinees from different groups have unequal expected scores on an item bundle. Research on DBF has the potential to reveal the mechanisms underlying DIF and DBF. The simultaneous item bias test (SIBTEST, Shealy and Stout, 1993) has been developed to assess DIF and DBF. However, an unresolved issue is the lack of effect size for DBF, making it difficult to assess the amount of DBF within and between tests. Additionally, few procedures can be used to assess both DIF and DBF, which may be one of the reasons why DBF is less frequently examined than DIF among practitioners. In this study, I propose using meta-analysis techniques to synthesize differential item functioning (DIF) effect sizes and to assess differential bundle functioning (DBF). The test of nonzero average DIF can be used to test for the existence of DBF. Also, the weighted average DIF can be used as an average-based effect size, and the standard deviation of DIF in an item bundle can be used as a variance-based DBF effect size. A Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to assess the performance of the proposed effect size for DBF and to compare the test of nonzero average DIF in an item bundle with that of a DBF test using SIBTEST. I used three DIF procedures (id est, the Mantel-Haenszel procedure, the logistic-regression procedure, and the SIBTEST procedure) to obtain DIF estimates and then applied the random-effects model to the DIF estimates. Seven factors, including sample size, between-group difference in the primary dimension, between-group difference in the secondary dimension, the correlation between the two dimensions, sample-size ratio between the focal and the reference groups, item-bundle length, and the presence of guessing in the item response, were manipulated in the simulation. When the two dimensions were moderately correlated or when there was no impact, the proposed DBF effect size based on the SIBTEST DIF procedure was essentially unbiased, and the proposed DBF tests based on the three DIF procedures had Type-I error and power rates comparable to those of the SIBTEST DBF test. When there was an impact and the two dimensions were not correlated or weakly correlated, the DBF effect sizes from the meta-analysis of DIF indices from the three procedures had upward biases, and the meta-analysis-based DBF tests tended to have inflated Type-I error. The variance-based DBF effect size for the whole test changed with the weighted average-based DBF effect size in the item bundle. The rejection rates of the DBF test, the weighted average-based DBF effect size, and the variance-based DBF effect size were largely determined by the potential for DIF. I discuss the findings and the implications for applied research and point out directions for future research.
Download or read book Educational Measurement written by Robert L. Brennan and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educational Measurement has been the bible in its field since the first edition was published by ACE in 1951. The importance of this fourth edition of Educational Measurement is to extensively update and extend the topics treated in the previous three editions. As such, the fourth edition documents progress in the field and provides critical guidance to the efforts of new generations of researchers and practitioners. Edited by Robert Brennan and jointly sponsored by the American Council on Education (ACE) and the National Council on Measurement in Education, the fourth edition provides in-depth treatments of critical measurement topics, and the chapter authors are acknowledged experts in their respective fields. Educational measurement researchers and practitioners will find this text essential, and those interested in statistics, psychology, business, and economics should also find this work to be of very strong interest. Topics covered are divided into three subject areas: theory and general principles; construction, administration, and scoring; and applications. The first part of the book covers the topics of validation, reliability, item response theory, scaling and norming, linking and equating, test fairness, and cognitive psychology. Part two includes chapters on test development, test administration, performance assessment, setting performance standards, and technology in testing. The final section includes chapters on second language testing, testing for accountability in K-12 schools, standardized assessment of individual achievement in K-12 schools, higher education admissions testing, monitoring educational progress, licensure and certification testing, and legal and ethical issues.
Download or read book Competence Assessment in Education written by Detlev Leutner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses challenges in the theoretically and empirically adequate assessment of competencies in educational settings. It presents the scientific projects of the priority program “Competence Models for Assessing Individual Learning Outcomes and Evaluating Educational Processes,” which focused on competence assessment across disciplines in Germany. The six-year program coordinated 30 research projects involving experts from the fields of psychology, educational science, and subject-specific didactics. The main reference point for all projects is the concept of “competencies,” which are defined as “context-specific cognitive dispositions that are acquired and needed to successfully cope with certain situations or tasks in specific domains” (Koeppen et al., 2008, p. 62). The projects investigate different aspects of competence assessment: The primary focus lies on the development of cognitive models of competencies, complemented by the construction of psychometric models based on these theoretical models. In turn, the psychometric models constitute the basis for the construction of instruments for effectively measuring competencies. The assessment of competencies plays a key role in optimizing educational processes and improving the effectiveness of educational systems. This book contributes to this challenging endeavor by meeting the need for more integrative, interdisciplinary research on the structure, levels, and development of competencies.
Download or read book Assessing Quality of Life in Clinical Trials written by Peter M. Fayers and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers in all clinical fields are fully aware of the importance of Quality of Life measurements in judging the efficacy of a given treatment. Psychological criteria play an important role in this evaluation. Assessment of Quality of Life in Clinical Trials: methods and practice explores the current state of the art and illustrates the benefits and potential of health related quality of life assessment in clinical trials. It covers a wide range of analytical issues, emphasizing new and innovative approaches that are of practical and clinical importance.
Download or read book IQ and Human Intelligence written by Nicholas Mackintosh and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2011-03-03 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'What is intelligence?' may seem like a simple question to answer, but the study and measurement of human intelligence is one of the most controversial subjects in psychology. IQ and Human Intelligence provides an authoritative overview of the main issues surrounding this fascinating area.
Download or read book Rehabilitation Research written by Russell Carter and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Find out how to use evidence to improve your practice! Thoroughly covering the full range of rehabilitation research with a clear, easy-to-understand approach, Rehabilitation Research: Principles and Applications, 5th Edition will help you analyze and apply research to practice. It examines traditional experimental designs as well as nonexperimental and emerging approaches, including qualitative research, single-subject designs, outcomes research, and survey research. Ideal for students and practitioners in physical therapy, occupational therapy, and communication sciences and disorders, this user-friendly resource emphasizes evidence-based practice and the development of true scientist-practitioners. Evidence-Based Practice chapter provides an overview of the important concepts of EBP and the WHO model of health and disease. Interdisciplinary author team consisting of a PT and an ASHA dually-certified SLP/AUD brings an interdisciplinary focus and a stronger emphasis on evidence-based practice. Discipline-specific examples are drawn from three major fields: physical therapy, occupational therapy, and communication sciences and disorders. Coverage of nonexperimental research includes chapters on clinical case studies and qualitative research, so you understand a wide range of research methods and when it is most appropriate to use each type. Finding Research Literature chapter includes step-by-step descriptions of literature searches within different rehabilitation professions. NEW! Completely updated evidence-based content and references makes the information useful for both students and rehab practitioners. UPDATED! Expanded Single-Subject Designs chapter provides a more thorough explanation and examples of withdrawal, multiple baselines, alternating treatments, and interactions - designs that you can use in everyday clinical practice.
Download or read book Mental Practice Clinical and Experimental Research in Imagery and Action Observation written by Magdalena Ietswaart and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-18 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is now strong evidence demonstrating that the brain simulates action and other functions. Such action simulation can be evoked through conscious mental rehearsal of movement or imagery, but also through passive action observation watching movements in others. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that mental rehearsal of movement, or mental practice, can produce improvements normally attributed to practising actual movements. It is currently assumed that such improvements are due to neural activation associated with action simulation. However the neuroscience of mental practice efficacy is still poorly understood. The aim of this research topic is to clarify the underlying mechanisms of mental practice, bringing evidence from cognitive neuroscience, experimental neuropsychology, sport and movement science, and clinical neurology. It also attempts to address confusion regarding the concepts of imagery and observation, which has hampered the progression of mental practice research both scientifically and applied. As well as reviews, theoretical, and position articles, this research topic includes original neuroimaging, experimental, and patient research addressing, among others, the following issues. Neuroimaging studies provide strong evidence for action simulation, but the link to behavioural change and functional outcome is weak. What is the evidence that mental practice efficacy is driven by neuroplasticity processes evoked by action simulation? This research topic includes contributions on neural correlates and behaviour with regards to imagery and action observation. Much of the mental practice efficacy evidence comes from longstanding research within sport science. However, what does mental practice entail in these contexts, and to what extent is it compatible with the cognitive neuroscience perspective of action simulation? This research topic will include contributions that consider both evidence and concepts with regards to imagery and action observation, in an attempt to build an interdisciplinary consensus on the nature and application of mental practice. Mental practice is perceived as a promising motor rehabilitation technique, but critically there is lack of clarity or consensus on what mental practice treatment should entail. It is also not clear what are the most appropriate outcomes to measure imagery ability and cognitive or behavioural change following mental practice. A further important issue that needs consideration as part of this research topic is dosage, as it is currently unclear how much mental practice is appropriate and whether this depends on patient variables such as age, cognitive functioning, motor function, or pathophysiology.
Download or read book Improving Large scale Assessment in Education written by Marielle Simon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on central issues that are key components of successful planning, development and implementation of LSAs. The book's main distinction is its focus on practice- based, cutting-edge research. This is achieved by having chapters co-authored by world-class researchers in collaboration with measurement practitioners.
