Download or read book Development of Recombinant Expression Systems for the Production of Malaria Antigens written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malarial erythrocytic-stage antigens produce humoral immunity by inducing protective antibodies to epitopes on surface antigens on the parasites. The merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1) of P. falciparum is a major malaria erythrocytic-stage vaccine candidate. MSP1 may play a role in binding and/or infection of erythrocytes by merozoites (parasites) during red blood cell invasion. The C-terminal fragment of MSP1, MSP1(42), is highly conserved among all known strains of P. falciparum. However, it is folded into a complex structure containing six possible disulfide bridges. Immunization with recombinant proteins that have native-like conformations may elicit long-lasting protective immunity that mimics the natural development of humoral immunity. We have used a novel bacterial expression system that utilizes tightly regulatable transcription and translation signals to control expression of potentially toxic heterologous proteins. Several plasmids encoding MSP1(42) were constructed and tested for their ability to express recombinant protein. These constructs were designed for purification using Ni(+2)-chelating chromatography. Our results show that the recombinant proteins contained conformationally similar structures to the native parasites. The objectives were to develop recombinant MSP1(42) molecules that were structurally correct, (b) to develop fermentation and purification processes that could be scaled-up for large-scale processes, and ultimately (c) to advance these products into human clinical trials.

Download or read book Production of a Recombinant E Coli Expressed Malaria Vaccine from the C Terminal Fragment of Piasmodium Falciparum 3D7 Merozoite Surface Protein 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malarial blood stage antigens can produce humoral immunity by induction of protective antibodies to epitopes on surface antigens on parasites. The merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1) of P. falciparum is a major blood-stage vaccine candidate. MSP1 may play a role in binding and/or infection of erythrocytes by merozoites (parasites) during red blood cell invasion. The C-terminal fragment of MSP1, MSP1(sub 19), is highly conserved among all known strains of P. falciparum. immunization with recombinant proteins that have native-like conformations may elicit long-lasting protective immunity that mimics the natural immunity. We have used bacterial expression to tightly regulate transcription and translation of MSP1(sub 42). Plasmids that encode MSP1(sub 42) were prepared and tested for their ability to express recombinant protein. A three column purification scheme that included Ni(+2) metal chelate chromatography, anion and then cation exchange chromatography, yielded greater than 95% pure MSP1(sub 42). Immunoreactivity with mAbs showed that recombinant MSP1(sub 42) was conformationally similar to native MSP1. The objectives were to develop recombinant MSP1(sub 42) molecules that were structurally correct, to develop fermentation and purification processes that could be scaled-up for large-scale processes, and ultimately, to advance these products into human clinical trials.

Download or read book Recombinant Production Characterization and Immunogenicity of Malaria Vaccine Candidates Expressed in Bacillus Subtilis written by Chitti Babu Gottimukkala and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. This disease is endemic to tropical countries. Approximately three billion people (living in more than 100 countries) are at risk of malaria with 200 million cases per year and nearly 700,000 deaths-mainly in children under the age of five. The parasite species P. falciparum is the predominant cause of malaria deaths in humans. Mortality and morbidity due to the disease have been showing detrimental effect on economies. Although drugs are available for the treatment of malaria, they are expensive; furthermore resistance to these drugs is widespread. Various control measures such as environmental modifications to prevent mosquito breeding, impregnated bed nets, artemisinin combination therapy have reduced the burden of malaria in the past decade. However, sustained control requires the development of additional tools including a protective vaccine. Various proteins taken from the parasite's life cycle have been demonstrated to be potential vaccine candidates, and are in various stages of clinical trials. Asexual blood stage of parasite's life cycle is the reason for morbidity and mortality. Therefore vaccines against this stage are necessary to control the infection. Previous work suggested that a vaccine including multiple antigens from the parasite's life cycle can be more effective than vaccine formulations containing a single antigen type. In this work, a set of potential vaccine candidates has been chosen to develop an efficacious vaccine. They are Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 119 (PfMSP119), 4 (PfMSP4), and 5 (PfMSP5). The selected vaccine candidates play an important role in erythrocyte invasion. Specific antibodies against these proteins inhibited parasite growth in in vitro experiments, and passively transferred antibodies showed in vivo growth inhibition. These proteins contain one or more cysteine rich EGF-like domains, which are conserved in all malaria species. Therefore, the functional form- vaccine candidates containing correctly folded EGF-like domains, are essential to induce specific antibodies which can inhibit parasite growth, and thus, malaria. One more candidate Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 4/5 (PyMSP4/5) has been selected. PyMSP4/5 is a single homologue of two potential human malaria vaccine candidates and it causes malaria in rodents. Therefore, it is a useful target to study the protection efficacy of the vaccine using mouse model.Falciparum malaria is most prevalent in developing countries and this in turn demands the requirement for safe and low-cost vaccines. A majority of available expression hosts: prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic systems failed to produce or yielded very low amounts. We have been seeking alternative expression systems that can overcome some of the bottlenecks and allow subunit production at low cost and large scale. In the present study, we have attempted to use an alternative expression host, Bacillus subtilis, for the production of malaria vaccine candidates.B. subtilis is a non-pathogenic, gram positive organism, which is known for its ability to secrete target proteins and has the advantage of well established methods for scale-up. Vaccine candidates were secreted into the culture medium at higher yields. Characterization studies including SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry and N-terminal sequencing indicated the secretion of near full-length protein. Recombinant proteins as vaccines are poor in eliciting an immune response and they are required to be presented with an adjuvant, which can boost both humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently, alum is the only approved adjuvant for human, induces a good Ab (Th2) response, but poorly stimulates the strong cellular (Th1) immune response. Bacterial flagellin (FljB) is one of the potential protein adjuvants that has been chosen to boost the malarial vaccine formulation.Purified proteins emulsified with Freund's adjuvant and mixed/conjugated with flagellin induced strong immune responses in mice following intraperitoneal injection. The mean titer values obtained were higher than those obtained with an equivalent dose of purified E. coli-derived proteins, suggesting that B. subtilis expressed malarial antigens are more immunogenic than those produced by E. coli. The mouse antibodies raised against B. subtilis produced malaria vaccine candidates were reactive to native parasite proteins as evident from immunoblotting on parasite lysate and indirect immunofluorescence assays of fixed parasites. Other advantages of this system over traditional expression methods included a higher level of full-length protein, decreased multimer formation and a simplified downstream processing procedure. All the above features are essential to formulate an effective malaria vaccine or any other high quality clinical material. Therefore, B. subtilis seems to be a valuable advance in the quest to produce an efficacious and cost effective malaria vaccine.

Download or read book Malaria written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. The disease is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara, and people traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, and appropriate roles for federal and international agencies and the medical and public health communities. The volume reports on the current status of malaria research, prevention, and control efforts worldwide. The authors present study results and commentary on the: Nature, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and epidemiology of malaria. Biology of the malaria parasite and its vector. Prospects for developing malaria vaccines and improved treatments. Economic, social, and behavioral factors in malaria control.

Download or read book Expression Systems written by Michael R. Dyson and published by Methods Express (Hardcover). This book was released on 2007 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein expression is an increasingly important tool for research on gene function. What is needed is not just a lab manual providing established methods as well as the latest state-of-the-art protocols, but also clear advice on what expression system to choose when. Expression Systems: Methods Expressuniquely fills this need. It covers expression across a broad range of systems, including the following. *Baculovirus expression vectors *CHO cells *E. coli *HEK293-EBNA1 cells *Lactococcus lactis and other gram positive bacteria *S. cerevisiae *transfected insect cells *Pichia pastoris *mammalian cells using BacMam viruses *lentiviral vectors *wheat germ cell-free system The book takes the reader through how to make an informed choice of appropriate system, taking into account the protein target, the time involved, the ultimate use of the expressed protein, and the laboratory equipment required. It also provides step-by-step methods for each system. In addition, the book describes the optimisation of expression strategies, expression engineering using ribosome display, and how to select protein variants with improved expression. Every chapter discusses the merits and limitations of the approaches available, describes the key techniques in full practical detail, and provides sensible advice for immediate use at the bench. In summary, Expression Systems: Methods Expressis a comprehensive laboratory manual and information resource for researchers at all levels, from postgraduate student to principal investigator.

Download or read book Pichia Protocols written by James M Cregg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-08 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on recent developments of Pichia pastoris as a recombinant protein production system. Highlighted topics include a discussion on the use of fermentors to grow Pichia pastoris, information on the O- and N-linked glycosylation, methods for labeling Pichia pastoris expressed proteins for structural studies, and the introduction of mutations in Pichia pastoris genes by the methods of restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI). Each chapter presents cutting-edge and cornerstone protocols for utilizing P. pastoris as a model recomibinant protein production system. This volume fully updates and expands upon the first edition.

Download or read book Saving Lives Buying Time written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.

Download or read book Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria written by Marina Pana and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-04-04 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains remain a major global threat, despite the prevention, diagnosis and antibiotherapy, which have improved considerably. In this thematic issue, the scientists present their results of accomplished studies, in order to provide an updated overview of scientific information and also, to exchange views on new strategies for interventions in antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains cases and outbreaks. As a consequence, the recently developed techniques in this field will contribute to a considerable progress in medical research.

Download or read book Recombinant Protein Production with Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells A Comparative View on Host Physiology written by Otto-Wilhelm Merten and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general field of fundamental and applied biotechnology becomes increasingly important for the production of biologicals for human and veterinary use, by using prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. The papers in the present book are refereed articles compiled from oral and poster presentations from the EFB Meeting on Recombinant Protein Production with Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells. A Comparative View on Host Physiology, which was organized in Semmering/A from 5th to 8th October 2000. A special feature of this meeting was the comparison of different classes of host cells, mainly bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi, and animal cells, which made obvious that many physiological features of recombinant protein formation, like cell nutrition, stress responses, protein folding and secretion, or genetic stability, follow similar patterns in different expression systems. This comparative aspect is by far the point of most interest because such comparisons are rarely done, and if they are done, their results are most often kept secret by the companies who generated them. Audience: Presently, a comparable book does not exist because the compiling of manuscripts from all fields of biotechnology (prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic, up to animal cell biotechnology) is not done in general. This particularity makes this book very interesting for postgraduate students and professionals in the large field of biotechnology who want to get a more global view on the current state of the expression of recombinant biologicals in different host cell systems, the physiological problems associated with the use of different expression systems, potential approaches to solve such difficulties by metabolic engineering or the use of other host cells, and the cooperation between process development and strain improvement, which is crucial for the optimisation of both the production strain and the process. This book should be in every library of an institution/organization involved in biotechnology.

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Biotechnology written by Oliver Kayser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-21 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of a very successful book is thoroughly updated with existing chapters completely rewritten while the content has more than doubled from 16 to 36 chapters. As with the first edition, the focus is on industrial pharmaceutical research, written by a team of industry experts from around the world, while quality and safety management, drug approval and regulation, patenting issues, and biotechnology fundamentals are also covered. In addition, this new edition now not only includes biotech drug development but also the use of biopharmaceuticals in diagnostics and vaccinations. With a foreword by Robert Langer, Kenneth J Germeshausen Professor of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at MIT and member of the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Sciences.

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Biotechnology written by Daan J. A. Crommelin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-11-14 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of pharmaceutical biotechnology is evolving rapidly. A whole new arsenal of protein pharmaceuticals is being produced by recombinant techniques for cancer, viral infections, cardiovascular and hereditary disorders, and other diseases. In addition, scientists are confronted with new technologies such as polymerase chain reactions, combinatorial chemistry and gene therapy. This introductory textbook provides extensive coverage of both the basic science and the applications of biotechnology-produced pharmaceuticals, with special emphasis on their clinical use. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology serves as a complete one-stop source for undergraduate pharmacists, and it is valuable for researchers and professionals in the pharmaceutical industry as well.

Download or read book Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens written by Laura Dean and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Malaria Research written by Deepak Gaur and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly reviews our current understanding of malarial biology Explores the subject with insights from post-genomic technologies Looks broadly at the disease, vectors of infection, and treatment and prevention strategies A timely publication with chapters written by global researchers leaders

Download or read book Engineering the Plant Factory for the Production of Biologics and Small Molecule Medicines written by Domenico De Martinis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant gene transfer achieved in the early ‘80s paved the way for the exploitation of the potential of gene engineering to add novel agronomic traits and/or to design plants as factories for high added value molecules. For this latter area of research, the term "Molecular Farming" was coined in reference to agricultural applications in that major crops like maize and tobacco were originally used basically for pharma applications. The concept of the “green biofactory” implies different advantages over the typical cell factories based on animal cell or microbial cultures already when considering the investment and managing costs of fermenters. Although yield, stability, and quality of the molecules may vary among different heterologous systems and plants are competitive on a case-to-case basis, still the “plant factory” attracts scientists and technologists for the challenging features of low production cost, product safety and easy scale up. Once engineered, a plant is among the cheapest and easiest eukaryotic system to be bred with simple know-how, using nutrients, water and light. Molecules that are currently being produced in plants vary from industrial and pharmaceutical proteins, including medical diagnostics proteins and vaccine antigens, to nutritional supplements such as vitamins, carbohydrates and biopolymers. Convergence among disciplines as distant as plant physiology and pharmacology and, more recently, as omic sciences, bioinformatics and nanotechnology, increases the options of research on the plant cell factory. “Farming for Pharming” biologics and small-molecule medicines is a challenging area of plant biotechnology that may break the limits of current standard production technologies. The recent success on Ebola fighting with plant-made antibodies put a spotlight on the enormous potential of next generation herbal medicines made especially in the name of the guiding principle of reduction of costs, hence reduction of disparities of health rights and as a tool to guarantee adequate health protection in developing countries.

Download or read book Vaccine Development and Manufacturing written by Emily P. Wen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccine Manufacturing and Production is an invaluable reference on how to produce a vaccine - from beginning to end - addressing all classes of vaccines from a processing, production, and regulatory viewpoint. It will provide comprehensive information on the various fields involved in the production of vaccines, from fermentation, purification, formulation, to regulatory filing and facility designs. In recent years, there have been tremendous advances in all aspects of vaccine manufacturing. Improved technology and growth media have been developed for the production of cell culture with high cell density or fermentation. Vaccine Manufacturing and Production will serve as a reference on all aspects of vaccine production by providing an in-depth description of the available technologies for making different types of vaccines and the current thinking in facility designs and supply issues. This book will provide insight to the issues scientists face when producing a vaccine, the steps that are involved, and will serve as a reference tool regarding state-of-the-art vaccine manufacturing technologies and facility set-up. Highlights include: Comprehensive coverage of vaccine production : from a process point of view- fermentation to purification to formulation developments; from a production point of view - from facility design to manufacturing; and from a regulatory point of view - requirements from government agencies Authors from different major pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies Describes the challenges and issues involved in vaccine production and manufacturing of the different classes of vaccines, an area not covered by other books currently on the market

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Food Applications written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials for Food Applications highlights recent developments in nanotechnologies, covering the different food areas where these novel products or technologies can be applied. The book covers five major themes, showing how nanotechnology is used in food, the use of ingredients in nanoform to improve bioavailability or nanoencapsulation technologies, nanotechnologies for food processing, nanosensors for food quality and safety, nanotechnologies for food packaging, and methods to evaluate potential risks and regulatory issues. This is an important research reference that will be of great value to academic and industrial readers, as topics of importance, both at a research level and for commercial applications, are covered. Regulatory agencies will also be interested in the latest developments covered in the book as they will help set the foundation for further regulations. Demonstrates how nanotechnology can improve food quality and safety Shows how nanotechnology is used to create more effective food processing techniques Discusses the regulatory issues surrounding the use of nanomaterials in food to ensure they are used safely and responsibly

Download or read book A Textbook of Biotechnology written by Dubey R.C. and published by S. Chand Publishing. This book was released on 2022 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifth Revised Edition 2014 FOR UNIVERSITIY & COLLEGE STUDENTS IN INDIA & ABROAD Due to expanding horizon of biotechnology, it was difficult to accommodate the current information of biotechnology in detail. Therefore, a separate book entitled Advanced Biotechnology has been written for the Postgraduate students of Indian University and Colleges. Therefore, the present form of A Textbook of Biotechnology is totally useful for undergraduate students. A separate section of Probiotics has been added in Chapter 18. Chapter 27 on Experiments on Biotechnology has been deleted from the book because most of the experiments have been written in ';Practical Microbiology' by R.C. Dubey and D.K. Maheshwari. Bibliography has been added to help the students for further consultation of resource materials.