Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 January 1996 31 March 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall contract objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University (TAMU); (2) seek potential improvements in the catalyst performance through variations in process conditions, pretreatment procedures and/or modifications in catalyst synthesis; (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small scale bubble column slurry reactor, and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer. In order to achieve these objectives the work is divided into ten tasks, which are described and their accomplishments are reported.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 January 1995 31 March 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 April 1996 30 June 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall contract objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University (TAMU) during the DOE Contract DE-AC22-89PC89868; (2) seek potential improvements in the catalyst performance through variations in process conditions, pretreatment procedures and/or modifications in catalyst synthesis; (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small scale bubble column slurry reactor, and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer. The performance of an iron, and iron-copper-silica catalyst are described.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report for the Period 1 October 1995 31 December 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report for the Period July 1 1996 September 30 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two slurry reactor tests were completed in continuation of our studies on the effect of pretreatment conditions on catalyst reactivity and selectivity. Exceptionally good performance was obtained in run SA-2186, using the new pretreatment developed at Texas A & M University. The work on catalyst characterization by temperature programmed and isothermal reduction on a variety of iron catalysts, with different amounts of promoters, has been continued. These studies are complementing our work on pretreatment effect research, and provide additional insights into the effect of pretreatment procedures on the reduction behavior of iron catalysts. The overall objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University; (2) seek potential improvements in the catalysts performance through variation in process condition, pretreatment procedures and/or modifications in catalyst synthesis; (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small bubble column slurry reactor; and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysis Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 6 January 1 1996 March 31 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to develop the technology for the production of physically robust iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that have suitable activity, selectivity and stability to be used in the slurry phase synthesis reactor development. The catalysts that are developed shall be suitable for testing in the Advanced Fuels Development Facility at LaPorte, Texas, to produce either low- or high-alpha product distributions. Previous work by the offeror has produced a catalyst formulation that is 1.5 times as active as the ''standard-catalyst'' developed by German workers for slurry phase synthesis. The proposed work will optimize the catalyst composition and pretreatment operation for this low-alpha catalyst. In parallel, work will be conducted to design a high-alpha iron catalyst that is suitable for slurry phase synthesis. Studies will be conducted to define the chemical phases present at various stages of the pretreatment and synthesis stages and to define the course of these changes. The oxidation/reduction cycles that are anticipated to occur in large, commercial reactors will be studied at the laboratory scale. Catalyst performance will be determined for catalysts synthesized in this program for activity, selectivity and aging characteristics. The research is divided into four major topical areas: (a) catalyst preparation and characterization, (b) product characterization, (c) reactor operations, and (d) data assessment. Accomplishments for this period are discussed.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Report October 1 1996 December 31 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall contract objectives are to: (1) demonstrate repeatability of performance and preparation procedure of two high activity, high alpha iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts synthesized at Texas A & M University, (2) seek potential improvements in the catalyst performance through variations in process condition, pretreatment procedures and/or modification in catalyst synthesis, (3) investigate performance of catalysts in a small scale bubble column slurry reactor, and (4) investigate feasibility of producing catalysts on a large scale in collaboration with a catalyst manufacturer. Work during this period included pretreatment effect research and catalyst characterization.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report April 1 1995 June 30 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 October 1995 31 December 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two stirred tank slurry reactor tests of catalysts with nominal compositions 100 Fe/3Cu/4 K/2 Ca/16 SiO2 (run SB-3115) and 100 Fe/5 Cu/6 K/24 SiO2 (run SA-3155) were completed under task 5, The Effect of Source of Potassium and Basic Oxide Promoter, during the reporting period. Our assessment of the effects of addition of CaO promoter to our baseline catalysts B and C and the use of potassium silicate as the source of potassium promoter is as follows: in general, the addition of CaO promoter did not result in improved performance of the baseline catalysts; the use of CaO promoter may be best suited for operation at higher reaction pressures; the baseline procedure utilizing impregnation of Fe-Cu-SiO2 precursor with aqueous solution of KHCO3 as the source of potassium promoter is the preferred method of preparation; and the procedure which utilizes aqueous K2SiO3 solution as the source of potassium also provides satisfactory results, and may be used as an alternative. A slurry reactor test (run SB-3425) was completed during the reporting period, following the catalyst pretreatment with H2 at 250°C for 4 h (Task 6. Pretreatment Effect Research). This pretreatment resulted in higher catalyst activity than our baseline procedure (H2 at 240°C for 2 h) but also higher methane and gaseous hydrocarbon selectivities (about 10-20% higher).
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Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 July 1995 30 September 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following accomplishments were made on task 4. Reproducibility of Catalyst Preparation: (1) Five slurry reactor tests were completed. Three tests were conducted using catalyst C (100 Fe/3 Cu/4 K/16 SiO2) from three different batches (runs SB-2695, SB-2145 and SA-2715), and two tests were conducted with catalyst B (100 Fe/5 Cu/6 K/24 SiO2) from two different preparation batches (runs SA-2615 and SB-2585). Performance of catalysts from different batches (activity, selectivity and deactivation rates) was similar to that of catalysts from the original batch (synthesized during DOE Contract DE- AC22-89PC89868). Thus, another major objective of the present contract, demonstration of reproducibility of catalyst preparation procedure and performance, has been accomplished. With these tests the work on Task 4 has been successfully completed. Two fixed bed reactor tests of catalysts B and C synthesized using potassium silicate solution as the source of potassium promoter were completed during this period (Task 5. The Effect of Source of Potassium and Basic Oxide Promoter). Activity of catalysts prepared using potassium silicate as the source of potassium promotion was somewhat higher, and their methane selectivities were higher than those of the corresponding catalysts prepared by incipient wetness impregnation using KHCO3 as the source of potassium promoter. However, these differences were not large, and may have been caused by experimental artifacts (e.g. existence of local hot spots in a reactor). A slurry reactor test (SA-2405) of catalyst with nominal composition 100 Fe/5 Cu/2 Ca/24 SiO2 was completed (Task 5). In general, the catalyst activity, space-time-yield, and hydrocarbon selectivities in this run during testing at:260°C, 2.17 MPa (300 psig), 2-2.6 Nl/g-cat/h and H2CO=0.67 were quite good, and comparable to the best results obtained in our Laboratory.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysis Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 4 July 1 1995 September 30 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The affect of copper promotion on the activity and selectivity of hydrogen pretreated, precipitated iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts was studied. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was carried out in the slurry phase in one in one liter continuous stirred tank reactors at a space velocity of 3.lNL h[sup[minus]1] g[sup[minus]1](Fe), H[sub 2]:CO= 0.7 at either 270[degree]C or 230[degree]C. Catalysts with atomic compositions relative to iron of 10OFe/4.4Si/l. OK and 10OFe/4.4Si/2.6Cu/l. OK were used at 270[degree]C and catalysts with the compositions of 100Fe/4.4Si/4.2K and 10OFe/4.4Si/2.6Cu/4.2K were used at 230[degree]C. XRD and Moessbauer spectroscopy both show that the 10OFe/4.4Si/2.6Cu/l. OK catalyst contained approximately 24%[alpha]-Fe with the remainder Fe[sub 3]O[sub 4] after a 24 h pretreatment with hydrogen at 220[degree]C. Copper promotion was found to substantially increase the activity and productivity of the catalysts. Catalysts promoted with copper reached maximum activity within 100 h of synthesis while catalysts with no copper went through an induction period. The activity of the hydrogen pretreated 10OFe/4.4Si/2.6Cu/1.0K catalyst operated at 270[degree]C was comparable to the activity of the 100Fe/4.4Si/l. OK catalyst after pretreatment with carbon monoxide or syngas at one atmosphere pressure. However, the activity of the hydrogen pretreated 1O0Fe/4.4Si/2.6Cu/4.2K catalyst at 230[degree]C was found to be substantially lower than the same catalyst pretreated with carbon monoxide or syngas at one atmosphere pressure.
Download or read book Development of Precipitated Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report October 1 1994 December 31 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work on Task 3. Testing of Previously Synthesized Catalysts was initiated in early October as scheduled. Two initial tests were not successful (runs SB-2764 and SB-3064). It took us a great deal of time and effort to overcome these problems, which included conducting a blank test (run SB-3184) and a test of commercial Ruhrchemie catalyst (run SB-3254). Finally, a successful test of catalyst with nominal composition 100 Fe/5 Cu/6 K/24 SiO2 (run SB-3354) was completed using a different slurry medium (Ethylflo 164 oil). Low activities in unsuccessful tests SB-2764 and SB-3064 may be due to catalyst poisoning by impurities in the initial slurry medium (purified n-octacosane from Humphrey Chemical Co.).
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Download or read book Development of Improved Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 January 1992 31 March 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three tests (two fixed bed and one stirred tank slurry reactor) were completed during the reporting period. Also, the work on catalyst characterization by different techniques (atomic absorption, BET surface area and pore size distribution and x-ray powder diffraction). The performance of a precipitated iron catalyst with nominal composition lOOFe/0.3Cu/0.8K has been evaluated in two fixed bed reactor tests designated FB-0142 and FB-0352 following pretreatment with syngas (H2/CO=0.67) at 280°C, 3Nl/g-cat/h and atomspheric pressure for 8 hours. Flow interruption occurred in the first test (FB-0142) at about 72h on stream, and the second test (FB-0352) was to assess any potential adverse effects of this flow interruption on performance of the catalyst. The catalyst was tested at 250°C, 200 psig, 2Nl/g-cat/h using syngas of the same composition as that employed during the pretreatment. Initial conversions in both tests were high (about 84%) but the catalyst deactivated fairly rapidly. The (H2 + CO) conversion at the end of the first test (120h on stream) was about 52%, whereas the syngas conversion at the end of the second test (150h) was about 55%, indicating that the brief flow interruption during test FB-0142 had resulted in higher deactivation rate. Hydrocarbon selectivities in both tests were similar and their average values werr: (CH4)=4.7, (C2-C4)=19.5, (C5-C11)=25.3 and C12=50.5 wt%.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysis Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 5 October 1 1995 December 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to develop the technology for the production of physically robust iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that have suitable activity, selectivity and stability to be used in the slurry phase synthesis reactor development. The catalysts that are developed shall be suitable for testing in the Advanced Fuels Development Facility at LaPorte, Texas, to produce either low- or high-alpha product distributions. Previous work by the offeror has produced a catalyst formulation that is 1.5 times as active as the ''standard-catalyst'' developed by German workers for slurry phase synthesis. The proposed work will optimize the catalyst composition and pretreatment operation for this low-alpha catalyst. In parallel, work will be conducted to design a high-alpha iron catalyst this is suitable for slurry phase synthesis. Studies will be conducted to define the chemical phases present at various stages of the pretreatment and synthesis stages and to define the course of these changes. The oxidation/reduction cycles that are anticipated to occur in large, commercial reactors will be studied at the laboratory scale. Catalyst performance will be determined for catalysts synthesized in this program for activity, selectivity and aging characteristics. The research is divided into four major topical areas: (a) catalyst preparation and characterization, (b) product characterization, (c) reactor operations, and (d) data assessment. Accomplishments to date are described.
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