Download or read book Biophysically based Computational Models of Astrocyte Neuron Coupling and their Functional Significance written by John Wade and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-03-21 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscientists are increasingly becoming more interested in modelling brain functions where capturing the biophysical mechanisms underpinning these functions requires plausible models at the level of neuron cells. However, cell level models are still very much in the embryo stage and therefore there is a need to advance the level of biological realism at the level of neurons/synapses. Recent publications have highlighted that astrocytes continually exchange information with multiple synapses; if we are to fully appreciate this dynamic and coordinated interplay between these cells then more research on bidirectional signalling between astrocytes and neurons is required. A better understanding of astrocyte-neuron cell coupling would provide the building block for studying the regulatory capability of astrocytes networks on a large scale. For example, it is believed that local and global signalling via astrocytes underpins brain functions like synchrony, learning, memory and self repair. This Research Topic aims to report on current research work which focuses on understanding and modelling the interaction between astrocytes and neurons at the cellular level (Bottom up) and at network level (Top down). Understanding astrocytic regulation of neural activity is crucial if we are to capture how information is represented and processed across large neuronal ensembles in humans.

Download or read book Advances in Neural Computation Machine Learning and Cognitive Research VI written by Boris Kryzhanovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes new theories and applications of artificial neural networks, with a special focus on answering questions in neuroscience, biology and biophysics and cognitive research. It covers a wide range of methods and technologies, including deep neural networks, large-scale neural models, brain–computer interface, signal processing methods, as well as models of perception, studies on emotion recognition, self-organization and many more. The book includes both selected and invited papers presented at the XXIV International Conference on Neuroinformatics, held on October 17–21, 2022, in Moscow, Russia.

Download or read book Computational Vision and Bio Inspired Computing written by S. Smys and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 1435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings book presents state-of-the-art research innovations in computational vision and bio-inspired techniques. Due to the rapid advances in the emerging information, communication and computing technologies, the Internet of Things, cloud and edge computing, and artificial intelligence play a significant role in the computational vision context. In recent years, computational vision has contributed to enhancing the methods of controlling the operations in biological systems, like ant colony optimization, neural networks, and immune systems. Moreover, the ability of computational vision to process a large number of data streams by implementing new computing paradigms has been demonstrated in numerous studies incorporating computational techniques in the emerging bio-inspired models. The book reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of bio-inspired computing techniques, like machine learning, sensor-based models, evolutionary optimization, and big data modeling and management, that make use of effectual computing processes in the bio-inspired systems. As such it contributes to the novel research that focuses on developing bio-inspired computing solutions for various domains, such as human–computer interaction, image processing, sensor-based single processing, recommender systems, and facial recognition, which play an indispensable part in smart agriculture, smart city, biomedical and business intelligence applications.

Download or read book Computational Glioscience written by Maurizio De Pittà and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, the recognition that astrocytes - the predominant type of cortical glial cells - could sense neighboring neuronal activity and release neuroactive agents, has been instrumental in the uncovering of many roles that these cells could play in brain processing and the storage of information. These findings initiated a conceptual revolution that leads to rethinking how brain communication works since they imply that information travels and is processed not just in the neuronal circuitry but in an expanded neuron-glial network. On the other hand the physiological need for astrocyte signaling in brain information processing and the modes of action of these cells in computational tasks remain largely undefined. This is due, to a large extent, both to the lack of conclusive experimental evidence, and to a substantial lack of a theoretical framework to address modeling and characterization of the many possible astrocyte functions. This book that we propose aims at filling this gap, providing the first systematic computational approach to the complex, wide subject of neuron-glia interactions. The organization of the book is unique insofar as it considers a selection of “hot topics” in glia research that ideally brings together both the novelty of the recent experimental findings in the field and the modelling challenge that they bear. A chapter written by experimentalists, possibly in collaboration with theoreticians, will introduce each topic. The aim of this chapter, that we foresee less technical in its style than in conventional reviews, will be to provide a review as clear as possible, of what is “established” and what remains speculative (i.e. the open questions). Each topic will then be presented in its possible different aspects, by 2-3 chapters by theoreticians. These chapters will be edited in order to provide a “priming” reference for modeling neuron-glia interactions, suitable both for the graduate student and the professional researcher.

Download or read book Dynamic Coordination in the Brain written by Christoph Von Der Malsburg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-07-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of how widely distributed and specialized activities of the brain are flexibly and effectively coordinated. A fundamental shift is occurring in neuroscience and related disciplines. In the past, researchers focused on functional specialization of the brain, discovering complex processing strategies based on convergence and divergence in slowly adapting anatomical architectures. Yet for the brain to cope with ever-changing and unpredictable circumstances, it needs strategies with richer interactive short-term dynamics. Recent research has revealed ways in which the brain effectively coordinates widely distributed and specialized activities to meet the needs of the moment. This book explores these findings, examining the functions, mechanisms, and manifestations of distributed dynamical coordination in the brain and mind across different species and levels of organization. The book identifies three basic functions of dynamic coordination: contextual disambiguation, dynamic grouping, and dynamic routing. It considers the role of dynamic coordination in temporally structured activity and explores these issues at different levels, from synaptic and local circuit mechanisms to macroscopic system dynamics, emphasizing their importance for cognition, behavior, and psychopathology. Contributors Evan Balaban, György Buzsáki, Nicola S. Clayton, Maurizio Corbetta, Robert Desimone, Kamran Diba, Shimon Edelman, Andreas K. Engel, Yves Fregnac, Pascal Fries, Karl Friston, Ann Graybiel, Sten Grillner, Uri Grodzinski, John-Dylan Haynes, Laurent Itti, Erich D. Jarvis, Jon H. Kaas, J.A. Scott Kelso, Peter König, Nancy J. Kopell, Ilona Kovács, Andreas Kreiter, Anders Lansner, Gilles Laurent, Jörg Lücke, Mikael Lundqvist, Angus MacDonald, Kevan Martin, Mayank Mehta, Lucia Melloni, Earl K. Miller, Bita Moghaddam, Hannah Monyer, Edvard I. Moser, May-Britt Moser, Danko Nikolic, William A. Phillips, Gordon Pipa, Constantin Rothkopf, Terrence J. Sejnowski, Steven M. Silverstein, Wolf Singer, Catherine Tallon-Baudry, Roger D. Traub, Jochen Triesch, Peter Uhlhaas, Christoph von der Malsburg, Thomas Weisswange, Miles Whittington, Matthew Wilson

Download or read book Glial Cells Maladaptive Plasticity and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms Targeted Therapies and Future Directions written by Giovanni Cirillo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-17 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Enterprise Digital Transformation written by Peter Augustine and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-02-17 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital transformation (DT) has become a buzzword. Every industry segment across the globe is consciously jumping toward digital innovation and disruption to get ahead of their competitors. In other words, every aspect of running a business is being digitally empowered to reap all the benefits of the digital paradigm. All kinds of digitally enabled businesses across the globe are intrinsically capable of achieving bigger and better things for their constituents. Their consumers, clients, and customers will realize immense benefits with real digital transformation initiatives and implementations. The much-awaited business transformation can be easily and elegantly accomplished with a workable and winnable digital transformation strategy, plan, and execution. There are several enablers and accelerators for realizing the much-discussed digital transformation. There are a lot of digitization and digitalization technologies available to streamline and speed up the process of the required transformation. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies in close association with decisive advancements in the artificial intelligence (AI) space can bring forth the desired transitions. The other prominent and dominant technologies toward forming digital organizations include cloud IT, edge/fog computing, real-time data analytics platforms, blockchain technology, digital twin paradigm, virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) techniques, enterprise mobility, and 5G communication. These technological innovations are intrinsically competent and versatile enough to fulfill the varying requirements for establishing and sustaining digital enterprises. Enterprise Digital Transformation: Technology, Tools, and Use Cases features chapters on the evolving aspects of digital transformation and intelligence. It covers the unique competencies of digitally transformed enterprises, IIoT use cases, and applications. It explains promising technological solutions widely associated with digital innovation and disruption. The book focuses on setting up and sustaining smart factories that are fulfilling the Industry 4.0 vision that is realized through the IIoT and allied technologies.

Download or read book Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity written by Melanie A. Woodin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-02 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will explore the most recent findings on cellular mechanisms of inhibitory plasticity and its functional role in shaping neuronal circuits, their rewiring in response to experience, drug addiction and in neuropathology. Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity will be of particular interest to neuroscientists and neurophysiologists.

Download or read book Dynamical Systems in Neuroscience written by Eugene M. Izhikevich and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-01-22 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the relationship of electrophysiology, nonlinear dynamics, and the computational properties of neurons, with each concept presented in terms of both neuroscience and mathematics and illustrated using geometrical intuition. In order to model neuronal behavior or to interpret the results of modeling studies, neuroscientists must call upon methods of nonlinear dynamics. This book offers an introduction to nonlinear dynamical systems theory for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience. It also provides an overview of neuroscience for mathematicians who want to learn the basic facts of electrophysiology. Dynamical Systems in Neuroscience presents a systematic study of the relationship of electrophysiology, nonlinear dynamics, and computational properties of neurons. It emphasizes that information processing in the brain depends not only on the electrophysiological properties of neurons but also on their dynamical properties. The book introduces dynamical systems, starting with one- and two-dimensional Hodgkin-Huxley-type models and continuing to a description of bursting systems. Each chapter proceeds from the simple to the complex, and provides sample problems at the end. The book explains all necessary mathematical concepts using geometrical intuition; it includes many figures and few equations, making it especially suitable for non-mathematicians. Each concept is presented in terms of both neuroscience and mathematics, providing a link between the two disciplines. Nonlinear dynamical systems theory is at the core of computational neuroscience research, but it is not a standard part of the graduate neuroscience curriculum—or taught by math or physics department in a way that is suitable for students of biology. This book offers neuroscience students and researchers a comprehensive account of concepts and methods increasingly used in computational neuroscience. An additional chapter on synchronization, with more advanced material, can be found at the author's website, www.izhikevich.com.

Download or read book Membrane Computing written by Gheorghe Paun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane computing is an unconventional model of computation associated with a new computing paradigm. The field of membrane computing was initiated in 1998 by the author of this book; it is a branch of natural computing inspired by the structure and functioning of the living cell and devises distributed parallel computing models in the form of membrane systems. This book is the first monograph surveying the new field in a systematic and coherent way. It presents the central notions and results: the main classes of P systems, the main results about their computational power and efficiency, a complete bibliography, and a series of open problems and research topics.

Download or read book Simulating Analyzing and Animating Dynamical Systems written by Bard Ermentrout and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simulating, Analyzing, and Animating Dynamical Systems: A Guide to XPPAUT for Researchers and Students provides sophisticated numerical methods for the fast and accurate solution of a variety of equations, including ordinary differential equations, delay equations, integral equations, functional equations, and some partial differential equations, as well as boundary value problems. It introduces many modeling techniques and methods for analyzing the resulting equations. Instructors, students, and researchers will all benefit from this book, which demonstrates how to use software tools to simulate and study sets of equations that arise in a variety of applications. Instructors will learn how to use computer software in their differential equations and modeling classes, while students will learn how to create animations of their equations that can be displayed on the World Wide Web. Researchers will be introduced to useful tricks that will allow them to take full advantage of XPPAUT's capabilities.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Membrane Computing written by Gheorghe Paun and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-12-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Computing studies models of computation (called P systems) inspired by the structure and functioning of a living cell, in particular by the role of membranes in compartmentalization of living cells. This handbook provides the necessary biological and formal background, in a state-of-the-art review of current research.

Download or read book The NEURON Book written by Nicholas T. Carnevale and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-12 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authoritative reference on NEURON, the simulation environment for modeling biological neurons and neural networks that enjoys wide use in the experimental and computational neuroscience communities. This book shows how to use NEURON to construct and apply empirically based models. Written primarily for neuroscience investigators, teachers, and students, it assumes no previous knowledge of computer programming or numerical methods. Readers with a background in the physical sciences or mathematics, who have some knowledge about brain cells and circuits and are interested in computational modeling, will also find it helpful. The NEURON Book covers material that ranges from the inner workings of this program, to practical considerations involved in specifying the anatomical and biophysical properties that are to be represented in models. It uses a problem-solving approach, with many working examples that readers can try for themselves.

Download or read book Advances in Computational Intelligence written by Ignacio Rojas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-05 with total page 938 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set LNCS 10305 and LNCS 10306 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, IWANN 2019, held at Gran Canaria, Spain, in June 2019. The 150 revised full papers presented in this two-volume set were carefully reviewed and selected from 210 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on machine learning in weather observation and forecasting; computational intelligence methods for time series; human activity recognition; new and future tendencies in brain-computer interface systems; random-weights neural networks; pattern recognition; deep learning and natural language processing; software testing and intelligent systems; data-driven intelligent transportation systems; deep learning models in healthcare and biomedicine; deep learning beyond convolution; artificial neural network for biomedical image processing; machine learning in vision and robotics; system identification, process control, and manufacturing; image and signal processing; soft computing; mathematics for neural networks; internet modeling, communication and networking; expert systems; evolutionary and genetic algorithms; advances in computational intelligence; computational biology and bioinformatics.

Download or read book Artificial Neural Networks as Models of Neural Information Processing written by Marcel van Gerven and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern neural networks gave rise to major breakthroughs in several research areas. In neuroscience, we are witnessing a reappraisal of neural network theory and its relevance for understanding information processing in biological systems. The research presented in this book provides various perspectives on the use of artificial neural networks as models of neural information processing. We consider the biological plausibility of neural networks, performance improvements, spiking neural networks and the use of neural networks for understanding brain function.

Download or read book Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning ICANN 2019 Theoretical Neural Computation written by Igor V. Tetko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-09 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings set LNCS 11727, 11728, 11729, 11730, and 11731 constitute the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, ICANN 2019, held in Munich, Germany, in September 2019. The total of 277 full papers and 43 short papers presented in these proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 494 submissions. They were organized in 5 volumes focusing on theoretical neural computation; deep learning; image processing; text and time series; and workshop and special sessions.

Download or read book 20 Years of Computational Neuroscience written by James M Bower and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-11 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When funding agencies and policy organizations consider the role of modeling and simulation in modern biology, the question is often posed, what has been accomplished ? This book will be organized around a symposium on the 20 year history of the CNS meetings, to be held as part of CNS 2010 in San Antonio Texas in July 2010. The book, like the symposium is intended to summarize progress made in Computational Neuroscience over the last 20 years while also considering current challenges in the field. As described in the table of contents, the chapter’s authors have been selected to provide wide coverage of the applications of computational techniques to a broad range of questions and model systems in neuroscience. The proposed book will include several features that establish the history of the field. For each article, its author will select an article originally appearing in a CNS conference proceedings from 15 – 20 years ago. These short (less than 6 page) articles will provide illustrations of the state of the field 20 years ago. The new articles will describe what has been learned about the subject in the following 20 years, and pose specific challenges for the next 20 years. The second historical mechanism will be the reproduction of the first 12 years of posters from the CNS meeting. These posters in and of themselves have become famous in the field (they hang in the halls of the NIH in Bethesda Maryland) and were constructed as allegories for the state and development of computational neuroscience. The posters were designed by the book’s editor, who will, for the first time, provide a written description of each poster.