Download or read book Develop Ultrafine Grain Size Titanum with Improved Mechanical Properties written by Roger C. May and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tear, notched tensile, and fatigue crack propagation tests were used to assess the resistance of titanium material to toughness reduction in methanol-chloride and aqueous-chloride environments. Material variables included grain size, texture, cold work, interstitial content, and substitutional alloying. Unalloyed material, recrystallized to an ultrafine grain size, showed better resistance to degradation by the environments than Ti-5Al-2.5Sn and Ti-6Al-4V alloys. A scanning electron microscopy study of the fracture surfaces of tear specimens revealed the presence of mechanical texturing. Experiments directed toward the production of ultrafine grain size titanium by reactive hot pressing of titanium hydride powder were conducted. (Author).
Download or read book Develop Ultrafine Grain Size Titanium with Improved Mechanical Properties written by Roger C. May and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modified Kahn-type tear tests and fatigue crack propagation tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of strengthening by grain refinement and/or cold deformation on the toughness of alpha titanium. In addition to grain size and cold work, the effects of interstitial content, texture, and substitutional alloying were evaluated. For unalloyed materials, the tear strength and the fatigue crack propagation rates were generally improved with increasing yield strength, independently of the chemical and structural conditions. Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloys showed reduced tear strengths. Measurement of the unit propagation energy during tear testing was found to be very sensitive to differences in chemistry and structure. (Modified author abstract).
Download or read book Investigations to Develop Metal Alloys with Ultrafine Grain Size Titanium with Improved Mechanical Properties written by R. L. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiments are described which were intended to elucidate the extent to which commercial purity titanium wire and sheet could be strengthened by the combined effects of interstitial content, grain size refinement and post recrystallization cold reduction. Procedures were developed which resulted in recrystallized grain sizes of the order of 0.5 microns. Two features found to be essential were cold reduction of at least 90% before recrystallization and the use of a rapid heat transfer technique (in this case molten lead annealing) for the recrystallization heat treatment. Grain refinement to this extent was found to lead to increases in strength (of up to 60 Ksi) and reduction in area at failure, accompanied by decreases (of up to a factor of two) in uniform elongation. The use of PRR was found to result in an additional strength increase (20-40 Ksi) and an additional uniform elongation decrease (a further factor of 2) with little effect on the reduction in area at failure. A program goal of a yield strength of 150 Ksi combined with adequate ductility was exceeded in the wire experiments but was not attained in the sheet experiments where difficulties were encountered in the achievement of the necessary initial 90% cold reduction. (Author).
Download or read book Katalog ver konstutst llningen i Sundsvall nov 1913 written by and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena written by F.J. Humphreys and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The annealing of deformed materials is of both technological importance and scientific interest. The phenomena have been most widely studied in metals, although they occur in all crystalline materials such as the natural deformation of rocks and the processing of technical ceramics. Research is mainly driven by the requirements of industry, and where appropriate, the book discusses the extent to which we are able to formulate quantitative, physically-based models which can be applied to metal-forming processes. The subjects treated in this book are all active research areas, and form a major part of at least four regular international conference series. However, there have only been two monographs published in recent times on the subject of recrystallization, the latest nearly 20 years ago. Since that time, considerable advances have been made, both in our understanding of the subject and in the techniques available to the researcher. The book covers recovery, recrystallization and grain growth in depth including specific chapters on ordered materials, two-phase alloys, annealing textures and annealing during and after hot working. Also contained are treatments of the deformed state and the structure and mobility of grain boundaries, technologically important examples and a chapter on computer simulation and modelling. The book provides a scientific treatment of the subject for researchers or students in Materials Science, Metallurgy and related disciplines, who require a more detailed coverage than is found in textbooks on physical metallurgy, and a more coherent treatment than will be found in the many conference proceedings and review articles.
Download or read book Nanocrystalline Titanium written by Halina Garbacz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-09-17 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocrystalline Titanium discusses the features of nanocrystalline titanium production by various SPD methods, also comparing their microstructure and properties. The authors characterize the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained titanium, indicating which are crucial for their application. Titanium alloys are characterized by high specific strength combined with excellent corrosion resistance, whereas the mechanical properties of pure (or commercial purity - CP) titanium are much lower. SPD methods are proving to be an effective way to increase strength, even to a level typical for structural titanium alloys. This book is useful for academics and professionals studying the behavior of metallic materials. Discusses various SPD techniques and their applications for titanium Previews the limitations of SPD methods for titanium, along with the problems that can be encountered during production Characterizes the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained titanium and indicates which are crucial for its production applications
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975-04 with total page 1082 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanical Engineering in Biomedical Application written by Jay Prakash Srivastava and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-01-02 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS The book explores the latest research and developments related to the interdisciplinary field of biomedical and mechanical engineering offering insights and perspectives on the research, key technologies, and mechanical engineering techniques used in biomedical applications. The book is divided into several sections that cover different aspects of mechanical engineering in biomedical research. The first section focuses on the role of additive manufacturing technologies, rehabilitation in healthcare applications, and artificial recreation of human organs. The section also covers the advances, risks, and challenges of bio 3D printing. The second section presents insight into biomaterials, including their properties, applications, and fabrication techniques. The section also covers the use of powder metallurgy methodology and techniques of biopolymer and bio-ceramic coatings on prosthetic implants. The third section covers biofluid mechanics, including the mechanics of fluid flow within our body, the mechanical aspects of human synovial fluids, and the design of medical devices for fluid flow applications. The section also covers the use of computational modeling to study the blockage of carotid arteries. The final section elaborates on soft robotic manipulation for use in medical sciences. Audience The book provides practical insights and applications for mechanical engineers, biomedical engineers, medical professionals, and researchers working on the design and development of biomedical devices and implants.
Download or read book Ti Based Biomaterials written by Jarosław Jakubowicz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, great attention has been paid to materials that can be used in the human body to prepare parts that replace failed bone structures. Of all materials, Ti-based materials are the most desirable, because they provide an optimum combination of mechanical, chemical, and biological properties. The successful application of Ti biomaterials has been confirmed mainly in dentistry, orthopedics, and traumatology. Titanium biocompatibility is practically the highest of all metallic biomaterials; however, new solutions are being sought to continuously improve their biocompatibility and osseointegration. Thus, the chemical modification of Ti results in the formation of new alloys or composites, which provide new perspectives for Ti biomaterials applications. This book covers broad aspects of Ti-based biomaterials concerning the design of their structure, mechanical, and biological properties. This book demonstrates that the new Ti-based compounds and their surface treatment provide the best properties for biomedical applications.
Download or read book Government Reports Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Grain Refinement of Titanium on Its Mechanical Performance and Cell Response written by Alexander Medvedev and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium and its alloys have long been in the focus of biomedical research as some of the most suitable materials for implant production. This fact is attributed to an excellent combination of mechanical, biological and physico-chemical properties, such as low density and high mechanical strength, resulting in the highest specific strength among most common implant materials, reduced elastic modulus (compared to stainless steel or CoCrMo alloys), excellent corrosion resistance, and enhanced biocompatibility.Recently, titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, the most common titanium implant material so far, was in the focus of several studies that claimed it has a potential to be toxic to humans due to the release of aluminium and vanadium ions in the surrounding tissues when placed within the host. This problem can be overcome by using titanium with lower alloying content, for example, commercially pure (CP) titanium, such as Grade 2 or Grade 4. Unfortunately, CP titanium shows significant decrease in mechanical properties compared to Ti6Al4V. There are ways, however, to enhance the strength of materials without altering their chemical composition. Particularly, severe plastic deformation (SPD) has been shown to dramatically enhance the strength of various materials while retaining good ductility.It is well known that the surface of medical implants plays a crucial role in the success and outcome of the surgery and determines the longevity of implants. Therefore, it is common to modify the surface of these devices in order to increase the surface area, alter its chemistry or wettability. There are numerous techniques available nowadays that allow modification of implant surface, however, only a handful of them were implemented in industry. One of such processes - SLA (Shot-blasted with Large grit and Acid etching) - is considered one of the most promising since it has been adopted by several different companies around the world. The main aim of the present work was to use SPD to increase the strength of CP titanium of two purity grades - Grade 2 and Grade 4 - in order to develop a material that, as a result of a combination of high strength and good biocompatibility, could be used to replace Ti6Al4V as a major titanium-based material on the market. Moreover, we performed all experiments on samples with two distinctly different types of surfaces - polished and SLA-treated - to highlight the effect of grain refinement on the outcome of subsequent surface modification. To the best of our knowledge, no work examining a combined effect of grain refinement and surface modification on mechanical and biological properties has been previously described in the literature. The results discussed in this thesis suggest that, as a result of a significant refinement of microstructure by SPD processing, mechanical properties of CP titanium can match (fatigue) or even exceed (tensile) those of Ti6Al4V. It was observed that SLA treatment results in the formation of a surface layer with refined structure which aided in enhancing fatigue properties of as-received titanium after surface modification. Although such layer was not found in case of SPD-processed samples, which led to a slight decrease of fatigue life compared to samples with polished surface, fatigue properties of SPD-processed titanium were still superior to those of Ti6Al4V. Fatigue testing in simulated body fluid, designed to test how titanium with refined structure reacts to aggressive environment, indicated no deterioration of fatigue life of titanium, regardless of microstructure.It has been demonstrated that surface properties of titanium were notably influenced by the grain size and the subsequent SLA treatment. Roughness of polished samples was shown to be a function of the grain size of material. At the same time, mechanical properties are believed to be responsible for differences in roughness of SLA-modified surface, as surface roughening primarily occurs by means of grit-blasting with its effect highly dependent on the strength/ductility of the surface. Wettability of titanium has been observed to be determined by the surface texture, being a product of variations in the processing route. This effect retained after severe surface roughening as well, although, overall, surface of SLA-treated titanium samples were found to be much more hydrophobic. Simultaneously, variations in wettability between samples of different conditions became less pronounced. Chemical analysis of CP Ti with varying microstructure and surface quality revealed no effect of microstructure on the chemical state of the polished surface. At the same time, it was noted that SLA treatment of ultrafine-grained titanium may favour the formation of a thicker, more chemically uniform oxide layer. Finally, an assessment of biological properties of CP Ti has been made. The results indicate a positive effect of ultrafine-grained structure and associated surface properties on the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of two types of tissue cells - human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (adMSC) on both types of surfaces. At the same time, bacterial adhesion was also significantly enhanced on the surface of SLA-treated titanium. This fact suggests that an utilisation of surface modification techniques in industrial processes of implant production should be most carefully controlled in order to reduce possibility of serious complication that may be caused by bacterial colonisation.Overall, experimental results presented in this thesis indicate that SPD, especially in combination with surface modification techniques, such as SLA treatment, has a great potential to improve both mechanical and biological properties of commercially pure titanium to make it a highly favourable and competitive candidate for the replacement of Ti6Al4V alloy. Our research suggests that there may be only one potential drawback of a combination of SPD and SLA, namely, enhanced adhesion of bacterial cells on the surface of such materials. However, this negative effect is not attributed to SPD processing, but rather to the increased surface roughness inherent to the SLA treatment. We suggest that this issue can be addressed by developing proper handling, storage and pre-implantation preparation protocols, a process that was not covered in current work but could be included as a part of the basis for the future work.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing PRICM 8 written by FernD.S. Marquis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-21 with total page 3431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PRICM-8 features the most prominent and largest-scale interactions in advanced materials and processing in the Pacific Rim region. The conference is unique in its intrinsic nature and architecture which crosses many traditional discipline and cultural boundaries. This is a comprehensive collection of papers from the 15 symposia presented at this event.
Download or read book Investigations and Applications of Severe Plastic Deformation written by Terry C. Lowe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-04-30 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Moscow, Russia, 2-7 August, 1999
Download or read book Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium written by Vasisht Venkatesh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium.
Download or read book The Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of Titanium and Its Alloys written by Frank Charles Holden and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics of Materials written by Robert W. Balluffi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-12-16 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classroom-tested textbook providing a fundamental understandingof basic kinetic processes in materials This textbook, reflecting the hands-on teaching experience of itsthree authors, evolved from Massachusetts Institute of Technology'sfirst-year graduate curriculum in the Department of MaterialsScience and Engineering. It discusses key topics collectivelyrepresenting the basic kinetic processes that cause changes in thesize, shape, composition, and atomistic structure of materials.Readers gain a deeper understanding of these kinetic processes andof the properties and applications of materials. Topics are introduced in a logical order, enabling students todevelop a solid foundation before advancing to more sophisticatedtopics. Kinetics of Materials begins with diffusion, offering adescription of the elementary manner in which atoms and moleculesmove around in solids and liquids. Next, the more complex motion ofdislocations and interfaces is addressed. Finally, still morecomplex kinetic phenomena, such as morphological evolution andphase transformations, are treated. Throughout the textbook, readers are instilled with an appreciationof the subject's analytic foundations and, in many cases, theapproximations commonly used in the field. The authors offer manyextensive derivations of important results to help illuminate theirorigins. While the principal focus is on kinetic phenomena incrystalline materials, select phenomena in noncrystalline materialsare also discussed. In many cases, the principles involved apply toall materials. Exercises with accompanying solutions are provided throughoutKinetics of Materials, enabling readers to put their newfoundknowledge into practice. In addition, bibliographies are offeredwith each chapter, helping readers to investigate specializedtopics in greater detail. Several appendices presenting importantbackground material are also included. With its unique range of topics, progressive structure, andextensive exercises, this classroom-tested textbook provides anenriching learning experience for first-year graduate students.
