Download or read book Design of DNA Genetic Codes and Life Function written by Charles D. Schaper and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-04 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains original research and presents for the first time several discoveries relating to the origin of life and DNA, including the code of life, that is the map comprised of three sequential DNA nucleotides, a codon, per amino acid. The chapters include: Discovering the Primer of DNA - The basic discovery process indicating a common structure with the DNA nucleotide pairs, the relationship of steroid hormones to DNA structure, and its correlation to pharmacological efficacy. Encoding DNA - The encoding of a unified complex, originally synthesized through intermolecular coupling of a pair of hydrogen bonded steroid structured molecules is described. Transmitting DNA - The transmission of the encoded complex through the formation of a DNA double helix and steroid molecules which provide access to the information content contained within the double helix. Decoding DNA - The processes of decoding the double helix structure through the function capability provided by the steroid molecules, including decoding tables of an interaction vessel formed by the steroid molecules. Translating DNA - The mapping of the nucleotide triplet to amino acid is shown through the analysis of the structural and chemical characteristics of the DNA double helix formed in conjunction with the steroid molecules. Example - An example is provided of constructing a protein chain of seven amino acids, including the encoding, transmission, decoding and translation aspects. Replication - Replication of the double helix through the steroid molecules is shown, along with error correction procedures, and genetic rearrangement. This research book is intended for the individual who wants to know about the origins of life.

Download or read book Design of DNA Genetic Codes and Life Function written by Charles Schaper and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains original research and presents for the first time the origins of the code of life: the mapping between DNA nucleotides and amino acids. The chapters include: Discovering the Primer of DNA - The basic discovery process indicating a common structure with the DNA nucleotide pairs, the relationship of steroid hormones to DNA structure, and its correlation to pharmacological efficacy. Encoding DNA - The encoding of a unified complex, originally synthesized through intermolecular coupling of a pair of hydrogen bonded steroid structured molecules is described. Transmitting DNA - The transmission of the encoded complex through the formation of a DNA double helix and steroid molecules which provide access to the information content contained within the double helix. Decoding DNA - The processes of decoding the double helix structure through the function capability provided by the steroid molecules, including decoding tables of an interaction vessel formed by the steroid molecules. Translating DNA - The mapping of the nucleotide triplet to amino acid is shown through the analysis of the structural and chemical characteristics of the DNA double helix formed in conjunction with the steroid molecules. Example - An example is provided of constructing a protein chain of seven amino acids, including the encoding, transmission, decoding and translation aspects. Replication - Replication of the double helix through the steroid molecules is shown, along with error correction procedures, and genetic rearrangement.This is intended for the individual who wants to know the origins of life. It is not to be used for corporate purposes.

Download or read book The Genetic Code and the Origin of Life written by Lluis Ribas de Pouplana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early Thoughts on RNA and the Origin of Life The full impact of the essential role of the nucleic acids in biological systems was forcefully demonstrated by the research community in the 1950s. Although Avery and his collaborators had identified DNA as the genetic material responsible for the transformation of bacteria in 1944, it was not until the early 1950s that the Hershey-Chase experiments provided a more direct demonstration of this role. Finally, the structural DNA double helix proposed by Watson and Crick in 1953 clearly created a structural frame work for the role of DNA as both information carrier and as a molecule that could undergo the necessary replication needed for daughter cells. Research continued by Kornberg and his colleagues in the mid-1950s emphasized the biochemistry and enzymology of DNA replication. At the same time, there was a growing interest in the role of RNA. The 1956 dis covery by David Davies and myself showed that polyadenylic acid and polyuridylic acid could form a double-helical RNA molecule but that it differed somewhat from DN A A large number of experiments were subsequendy carried out with synthetic polyribonucleotides which illustrated that RNA could form even more complicated helical structures in which the specificity of hydrogen bonding was the key element in determining the molecular conformation. Finally, in I960,1 could show that it was possible to make a hybrid helix.

Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design of DNA Genetic Codes and Life Function written by Charles Schaper and published by Molecular Sciences Publishing House. This book was released on 2020-07-04 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is comprised of original research and presents for the first time discoveries on the origins of the genetic code of life: the mapping between DNA nucleotides and amino acids. For the first time, a digital communications framework is developed from molecular structures. The chapters include: Discovering the Primer of DNA - The basic discovery process indicating a common structure with the DNA nucleotide pairs, the relationship of steroid hormones to DNA structure, and its correlation to pharmacological efficacy. Encoding DNA - The encoding of a unified complex that will enable both structure and immediate function of DNA; originally synthesized through intermolecular coupling of pairs of pairs of hydrogen bonded steroid structured molecules. Transmitting DNA - The transmission of the encoded complex through the formation of a DNA double helix and steroid molecules which provide access to the information content contained within the double helix. Decoding DNA - The processes of decoding the double helix structure through the function capability provided by the steroid molecules, including decoding tables of an interaction vessel formed by the steroid molecules comprising walls and ceiling. Translating DNA - The mapping of the nucleotide triplet to amino acid is shown through the analysis of the structural and chemical characteristics of the DNA double helix formed in conjunction with the steroid molecules, thereby enabling a code of three nucleotides per amino acid. Example - An example is provided of constructing a protein chain of seven amino acids, including the encoding, transmission, decoding and translation aspects. Replication - Replication of the double helix through the steroid molecules is shown, along with error correction procedures. Genetic rearrangement - Methods of splicing and recombining the DNA structures to form increasingly complex structures. This is intended for the individual who wants to know about the origins of life function, DNA, and the Genetic Codes. As it contains original research, it is not to be used for commercial purposes.

Download or read book The Triplet Genetic Code written by Lynn E. H. Trainor and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to bring to interested readers (professionals and laypersons alike) an appreciation and a basic understanding of what the genetic code is and why it has come to revolutionize thinking about living systems as a whole. The consequences of this revolution in molecular biology are so vast as to be almost incomprehensible. It seems important in a democratic society to have a citizenry well informed about the crucial issues of the day, such as genetic engineering and molecular medicine, which impact the social order and the ethos of society in such a profound way.This book discusses concisely the genetic code ? what it is and how it provides the key to molecular biology. The structures of DNA (as revealed by Watson and Crick) and of the various forms of RNA are described in some detail, and it is shown how these structures are marvellously adapted to the twin problems of inheritance of traits and faithful development of individual organisms. In this latter respect, the role of proteins as the ?molecules of life? is described and the central dogma of molecular biology (information flows from DNA to RNA to protein) elaborated. In addition, theories of the origin and development of the universal genetic code are reviewed briefly, and a perspective concerning the impact of molecular biology on the social ethos is presented.

Download or read book Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing enthusiasm in the scientific community about the prospect of mapping and sequencing the human genome, a monumental project that will have far-reaching consequences for medicine, biology, technology, and other fields. But how will such an effort be organized and funded? How will we develop the new technologies that are needed? What new legal, social, and ethical questions will be raised? Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome is a blueprint for this proposed project. The authors offer a highly readable explanation of the technical aspects of genetic mapping and sequencing, and they recommend specific interim and long-range research goals, organizational strategies, and funding levels. They also outline some of the legal and social questions that might arise and urge their early consideration by policymakers.

Download or read book The Design of Life written by Renato Dulbecco and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renato Dulbecco tilldelades Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin 1975.

Download or read book Triplet Genetic Code The Key To Living Organisms written by Lynn E H Trainor and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001-06-25 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to bring to interested readers (professionals and laypersons alike) an appreciation and a basic understanding of what the genetic code is and why it has come to revolutionize thinking about living systems as a whole. The consequences of this revolution in molecular biology are so vast as to be almost incomprehensible. It seems important in a democratic society to have a citizenry well informed about the crucial issues of the day, such as genetic engineering and molecular medicine, which impact the social order and the ethos of society in such a profound way.This book discusses concisely the genetic code — what it is and how it provides the key to molecular biology. The structures of DNA (as revealed by Watson and Crick) and of the various forms of RNA are described in some detail, and it is shown how these structures are marvellously adapted to the twin problems of inheritance of traits and faithful development of individual organisms. In this latter respect, the role of proteins as the “molecules of life” is described and the central dogma of molecular biology (information flows from DNA to RNA to protein) elaborated. In addition, theories of the origin and development of the universal genetic code are reviewed briefly, and a perspective concerning the impact of molecular biology on the social ethos is presented.

Download or read book Learning About Your Genes A Primer For Non biologists written by Errol C Friedberg and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genes were unknowingly discovered in the 19th century by Gregor Mendel, a Czechoslovakian monk. It was later established that genes are made of DNA, a biological compound found in tiny thread-like structures called chromosomes that are located in the nuclei of all cells in our bodies. DNA consists of chains of entities called bases of which there are four in nature. DNA consists of long chains of bases (sometimes referred to as DNA sequences) that are joined in any order, but the precise order and length of which constitute different genes.Many (but not all) genes carry a code called the genetic code, a code that instructs the synthesis (manufacture) of the many hundreds of proteins that we require to survive and execute the many functions of life. The genetic code was deciphered in relatively recent years and is considered one of the most significant discoveries in the history of biology.Genes that encode instructions for the synthesis of proteins and those that regulate the manufacture of proteins comprise a mere two percent of our DNA. Despite our extensive knowledge of biology and the sub-discipline of molecular biology (the study of biology at the molecular level), the function (if any) of the rest of the DNA in our cells is unknown.Research about genes and DNA has in recent years spawned an endeavor referred to as the Human Genome Project, an international collaboration that has successfully determined, stored, and rendered publicly available the sequences of almost all the genetic content of the chromosomes of the human organism, otherwise known as the human genome.DNA sequences that are unique to every person on earth have been discovered (DNA fingherprints) and are now used for identifying criminals. The book relates a specific example of identifying a criminal who murdered two women.This is the first and only book that we are aware of that educates non-biologists about genes. It is written in a style and uses a vocabulary that can be comprehended by the average reader who knows very little if anything about genes.

Download or read book Existence of Design Codes in Living Organisms written by Mirabotalib Kazemie and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Design of Biological organisms (forms) are determined by design codes. They are made by invariant proteins. The codes control all regulative processes that are involved in development and differentiation. All structural and functional aspects of a developed organism, the patterns of its reproduction, behavior and the potentials need it for its adaptation are determined by its design code. Design codes cannot tolerate mutations, thus no biological organism can be transformed into another. Mutation of a design code protein can lead to initiation of Cancer. New biological organisms can emerge through reprogramming of an existing design code. Design Code Theory, I hope, encourage the protein-sequence analysts to compare the sequence, the secondary, and tertiary structures of invariant protein to help establish a primary list of design code proteins.

Download or read book The Code of Life written by Barrett Williams and published by Barrett Williams. This book was released on 2024-08-22 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlock the Secrets Within Your DNA with "The Code of Life"! Dive deep into the fascinating world of genetics with our latest eBook, The Code of Life. From the pioneering experiments of Gregor Mendel to the cutting-edge advancements in genetic engineering, this comprehensive guide offers an illuminating journey through the building blocks of life. Start your adventure with a historical overview, discovering the roots of genetic science and the revolutionary discovery of DNA. Grasp essential concepts and terminology, embracing the foundational knowledge that will pave the way for exploring more complex genetic topics. Journey through Mendelian genetics and master the laws of inheritance, as well as the use of Punnett squares for genetic predictions. Unveil the molecular structure of DNA, from Watson and Crick's iconic double helix to the intricate process of DNA replication and the role of chromosomes and genes. Explore the genetic code and the marvel of protein synthesis, understanding the central dogma of molecular biology, transcription, and translation. Delve into genetic mutations and variations, learning about their types, causes, effects, and their critical role in genetic diversity and evolution. Navigate the world of genetic mapping and sequencing, featuring techniques and groundbreaking projects like the Human Genome Project. Engage with the field of epigenetics, exploring how environmental factors influence gene expression and its implications for health and disease. Discover the transformative field of genetic engineering and biotechnology, including powerful tools like CRISPR. Consider the ethical debates surrounding these technologies and their applications in medicine and agriculture. Unlock the potential of stem cells, delve into personalized medicine, and understand the significance of genetic counseling. Explore behavioral genetics, population genetics, and the role of genetics in mental health and human migration. The Code of Life also addresses genetic diseases and disorders, genetic epidemiology, and the profound ethical and policy issues tied to genetics. Glimpse the future of genetic research, emerging technologies, and their societal implications. Transform your understanding of the genetic blueprint that defines us all with The Code of Life. This eBook is your gateway to the ever-evolving field of genetics, offering insights that bridge science, health, and ethical discourse. Embark on a journey that transcends the microscopic world, unveiling the profound impact of genetics on our present and future.

Download or read book Engineering the Genetic Code written by Nediljko Budisa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to introduce non-canonical amino acids in vivo has greatly expanded the repertoire of accessible proteins for basic research and biotechnological application. Here, the different methods and strategies to incorporate new or modified amino acids are explained in detail, including a lot of practical advice for first-time users of this powerful technique. Novel applications in protein biochemistry, genomics, biotechnology and biomedicine made possible by the expansion of the genetic code are discussed and numerous examples are given. Essential reading for all molecular life scientists who want to stay ahead in their research.

Download or read book Evolution of the Genetic Code written by Shōzō Ōsawa and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic code was deciphered experimentally around 1966 and for a number of years scientists considered it to be "universal" for all forms of life. In 1981 researchers shocked the scientific community with the discovery that the code differed in mitochondria and certain other organisms, evidence that the genetic code was still evolving. This book discusses the distribution and origin of the non-universal codes and examines the possible mechanisms of code changes, making it essential reading for all those interested in evolutionary genetics.

Download or read book Programming of Life written by Donald E. Johnson and published by Big Mac Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is currently the best book covering the relationship between genome and computer architectures." - JOHNATHAN BARTLETT, Author / Publisher / Speaker / Director of Technology ----- This book highlights the informational aspects of life that are generally overlooked or ignored in chemical and biological evolutionary scenarios. Each cell of an organism has millions of interacting computers reading and processing digital information, using digital programs and digital codes to communicate and translate information. Life is an intersection of physical science and information science. Both domains are critical for any life to exist, and each must be investigated using that domain's principles. Yet most scientists have been attempting to use physical science to explain life's information domain, a practice which has no scientific justification. -- As you can tell by the preceding words this research is a fascinating approach to the question of the origin of life. - (PUBLISHER) ----- "Programming of Life is an excellent freshman level review of the formal programming, coding/decoding, integration, organization, Prescriptive Information (PI), memory, regulation and control required for a physical object to find itself 'alive.' DONALD E. JOHNSON is uniquely qualified to unpackage the strong parallels between everyday cybernetic design and engineering and the workings of the cell. I highly recommend this book." -DAVID L. ABEL, Director, The Gene Emergence Project Department of ProtoBioCybernetics and ProtoBioSemiotics The Origin of Life Science Foundation, Inc. ----- (ABOUT THE AUTHOR: ) DR. DON JOHNSON has earned Ph.D.s in both Computer & Information Sciences from the University of Minnesota and in Chemistry from Michigan State University. He was a senior research scientist for 10 years in pharmaceutical and medical / scientific instrument fields, served as president and technical expert in an independent computer consulting firm for many years, and taught for 20 years in universities in Wisconsin, Minnesota, California, and Europe. He now maintains scienceintegrity.net to expose unsubstantiated claims in science and has made presentations on most continents.

Download or read book Code Biology written by Marcello Barbieri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the study of all codes of life with the standard methods of science. The genetic code and the codes of culture have been known for a long time and represent the historical foundation of this book. What is really new in this field is the study of all codes that came after the genetic code and before the codes of culture. The existence of these organic codes, however, is not only a major experimental fact. It is one of those facts that have extraordinary theoretical implications. The first is that most events of macroevolution were associated with the origin of new organic codes, and this gives us a completely new reconstruction of the history of life. The second implication is that codes involve meaning and we need therefore to introduce in biology not only the concept of information but also the concept of biological meaning. The third theoretical implication comes from the fact that the organic codes have been highly conserved in evolution, which means that they are the greatest invariants of life. The study of the organic codes, in short, is bringing to light new mechanisms that have operated in the history of life and new fundamental concepts in biology.

Download or read book Debugging Human DNA written by Abder Rahim Biad and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-10-17 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debugging Human DNA is an unusual book; it brings to light a characteristic of DNA functioning unknown to traditional medicine. DNA is a machine language, similar to that of a computer binary code; it can only be decoded and processed electrically. Most of us think of DNA as a genetic code biologists study in research labs, but have no clue how DNA affects our daily lives. DNA is the program that regulates the way we function; without tit, we will not exist. DNA does not only concerns medical researchers, but it affects all humans. The more one knows about it, the better he can manage, overhaul and transform his cognitive and physical life. DNA can be repaired electrically, once we have the proper know-how; this is a new field that has not been explored up to now. Distorted DNA strands, which in reality are atomic particles, can be fixed electrically. This approach to overhauling genes maybe unusual by customary standards, yet it is a fact validated by scientific evidence.