Download or read book Design Fabrication and Characterization of High stroke High aspect Ratio Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics written by Bautista Fernández Rocha and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Fabrication and Characterization of MEMS Deformable Mirrors for Ocular Adaptive Optics written by Hyunkyu Park and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foundry Microfabrication of Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics written by William D. Cowan and published by . This book was released on 1998-04-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) is a rapidly emerging field of research in which batch fabrication processes are used to construct miniature devices. MEMS devices are particularly well suited to optical applications. Foundry microfabrication offers a substantial cost advantage for prototype system development. In this research, foundry MEMS processes are used to fabricate low-cost deformable mirror systems (MEM-DMs) for adaptive optics. The challenges and design trades associated with fabrication of continuous and segmented deformable mirrors in foundry processes are examined in detail. Micromirror surface figure is shown to be critically important. Beam steering and optical aberration correction experiments conclusively demonstrate the potential of low-cost MEM-DMs. The prototype MEM-DM systems are approximately 1/ 500th the cost of conventionally manufactured deformable mirrors. An innovative direct digital control scheme further reduces adaptive optic system cost by eliminating the digital to analog converter typically required for each controlled element. In addition to the MEM-DMs, other MEMS devices are shown. The thermally actuated piston micromirrors offer greater deflections for operation at longer optical wavelengths. Other MEMS devices examined include a series of tilting mirrors, pressure gauges, test structures, electrostatic scratch drive actuated rotors, and a new type of electrostatic cantilever motor with lateral motion output.
Download or read book Micromachined Mirrors written by Robert Conant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micromachined Mirrors provides an overview of the performance enhancements that will be realized by miniaturizing scanning mirrors like those used for laser printers and barcode scanners, and the newly enabled applications, including raster-scanning projection video displays and compact, high-speed fiber-optic components. There are a wide variety of methods used to fabricate micromachined mirrors - each with its advantages and disadvantages. There are, however, performance criteria common to mirrors made from any of these fabrication processes. For example, optical resolution is related to the mirror aperture, the mirror flatness, and the scan angle. Micromachined Mirrors provides a framework for the design of micromirrors, and derives equations showing the fundamental limits for micromirror performance. These limits provide the micromirror designer tools with which to determine the acceptable mirror geometries, and to quickly and easily determine the range of possible mirror optical resolution and scan speed.
Download or read book MEMS Mirrors written by Huikai Xie and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "MEMS Mirrors" that was published in Micromachines
Download or read book Modeling and Control of Magnetic Fluid Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics Systems written by Zhizheng Wu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-22 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling and Control of Magnetic Fluid Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics Systems presents a novel design of wavefront correctors based on magnetic fluid deformable mirrors (MFDM) as well as corresponding control algorithms. The presented wavefront correctors are characterized by their linear, dynamic response. Various mirror surface shape control algorithms are presented along with experimental evaluations of the performance of the resulting adaptive optics systems. Adaptive optics (AO) systems are used in various fields of application to enhance the performance of optical systems, such as imaging, laser, free space optical communication systems, etc. This book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students, professors, engineers, scientists and researchers working on the design of adaptive optics systems and their various emerging fields of application. Zhizheng Wu is an associate professor at Shanghai University, China. Azhar Iqbal is a research associate at the University of Toronto, Canada. Foued Ben Amara is an assistant professor at the University of Toronto, Canada.
Download or read book Micro deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics Applications written by Emily Jo Carr and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Demonstrating Optical Aberration Correction with a Mems Micro Mirror Device written by Shaun Roger Hick and published by . This book was released on 1996-12-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research conducted the first demonstrated use of a micro- electro-mechanical structure (MEMS) mirror array to correct a static optical aberration. A well developed technique in adaptive optics imaging systems uses a deformable mirror to reflect the incident wave front to the imaging stage of the system. By matching the surface of the deformable mirror to the shape of the wave front phase distortion, the reflected wave front will be less aberrated before it is imaged. Typical adaptive optics systems use piezo-electric actuated deformable mirrors. This research used an electrostatically actuated, segmented mirror array, constructed by standard MEMS fabrication techniques, to investigate its performance as a deformable mirror. The relatively cheap cost of MEMS fabrication promises new adaptive optics applications if a suitable design can be found. In the demonstration, the point spread function (PSF) of the corrected and uncorrected aberrated image were compared. A 43 percent improvement in the peak intensity of the PSF was noted in the corrected image.
Download or read book Large Stroke Actuators for Adaptive Optics written by Bautista Fernandez Rocha and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extreme Adaptive Optics Testbed written by J. W. Evans and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have demonstrated that a microelectrical mechanical systems (MEMS) deformable mirror can be flattened to
Download or read book Memorial ajustado hecho en virtud de auto del Consejo del pleyto pendiente en el entre Don Andres Tellez Giron Duque de Uceda Don Luis Fernandez de Cordova Espinola de la Cerda Duque de Medina Celi Don Francisco de Paula Cordova Pacheco Portocarrero y Cardenas como marido de Do a Isabel Maria Pacheco Portocarrero y Cardenas Marquesa de la Torre de las Sergadas y D Joseph Manuel de Esquivel Rivas y Verastegui como marido de Do a Antonia Xaviera de Cardenas y Peralta Marquesa de Legarda sobre la Tenuta y Possession de los Mayorazgos del Aguij n Torre del Fresno Torre del Aguila y Villa de Lob n fundados por Don Alonso de Cardenas y Do a Elvira de Figueroa su muger Condes de la Puebla del Maestre vacantes por muerte de la Condesa de Monte nuevo written by and published by . This book was released on 1765* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efficient Drive Electronics for Deformable Mirrors of Telescope Adaptive Optics Systems written by Joel Niebergal and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis deals with the design and experimental validation of Deformable Mirror Electronics (DME) for Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) Adaptive Optics (AO) applications. Modern ground based telescopes achieve their best possible imaging resolution through the application of AO. However, due to the fundamental diffraction of optical elements, the next generation of ELTs will employ primary mirrors of an increasingly large diameter as the final means of improving imaging resolution further. The corresponding increase in diameter and actuator count of the Deformable Mirrors (DMs) in these systems has led to the rapid development of high order DM technology. A significant challenge to operating these multi-thousand channel DMs is related to the DM Electronics (DME), which are required to be highly efficient so-as to operate within practical budgetary constraints. This thesis develops a DME reference design based on the requirements for the Thirty Meter Telescope's next generation AO system, the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS), which operates two DMs with a total of 7673 piezoelectric actuators. The basis of the DME is the DM actuator driver, which has been developed to be suitable for very high order reproduction by optimization of its size, power, cost and reliability. A complication is that the piezoelectric actuators in NFIRAOS DMs require high voltage drive signals of ?400 V to obtain the rated stroke and must be current limited to avoid damage. Candidate amplifiers are evaluated in simulation and hardware based on a combination of performance, physical and functional criteria; with the most suitable circuit chosen for a multi-channel prototype implementation and testing with a DM breadboard prototype. The development and optimization of an amplifier capable of meeting NFIRAOS performance criteria and budgetary constraints is demonstrated.
Download or read book MEMS Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics written by Raji Krishnamoorthy Mali and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MEMS Actuated Deformable Mirror written by C. Walton and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ongoing work concerns the creation of a deformable mirror by the integration of MEMS actuators with Nanolaminate foils through metal compression boning. These mirrors will use the advantages of these disparate technologies to achieve dense actuation of a high-quality, continuous mirror surface. They will enable advanced adaptive optics systems in large terrestrial telescopes. While MEMS actuators provide very dense actuation with high precision they can not provide large forces typically necessary to deform conventional mirror surfaces. Nanolaminate foils can be fabricated with very high surface quality while their extraordinary mechanical properties enable very thin, flexible foils to survive the rigors of fabrication. Precise metal compression bonding allows the attachment of the fragile MEMS actuators to the thin nanolaminate foils without creating distortions at the bond sites. This paper will describe work in four major areas: (1) modeling and design, (2) bonding development, (3) nanolaminate foil development, (4) producing a prototype. A first-principles analytical model was created and used to determine the design parameters. A method of bonding was determined that is both strong, and minimizes the localized deformation or print through. Work has also been done to produce nanolaminate foils that are sufficiently thin, flexible and flat to be deformed by the MEMS actuators. Finally a prototype was produced by bonding thin, flexible nanolaminate foils to commercially available MEMS actuators.
Download or read book Adaptive Optics Using MEMS Deformable Mirrors written by Dhiraj Hiro Malkani and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Modeling and Characterization of Optically Flat MEMS Mirrors for Adaptive Optics written by Fawn R. Gass and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Imaging Performance of Elliptical boundary Varifocal Mirrors in Active Optical Systems written by Sarah Jane Lukes and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro-electro-mechanical systems deformable-membrane mirrors provide a means of focus control and attendant spherical aberration correction for miniaturized imaging systems. The technology has greatly advanced in the last decade, thereby extending their focal range capabilities. This dissertation describes a novel SU-8 2002 silicon-on-insulator wafer deformable mirror. A 4.000 mm x 5.657 mm mirror for 45° incident light rays achieves 22 micron stroke or 65 diopters, limited by snapdown. The mirrors show excellent optical quality while flat. Most have peak-to-valley difference of less than 150 nm and root-mean-square less than 25 nm. The process proves simple, only requiring a silicon-on-insulator wafer, SU-8 2002, and a metal layer. Xenon difluoride etches the silicon to release the mirrors. Greater than 90% of the devices survive fabrication and release. While current literature includes several aberration analyses on static mirrors, analyses that incorporate the dynamic nature of these mirrors do not exist. Optical designers may have a choice between deformable mirrors and other types of varifocal mirrors or lenses. Furthermore, a dynamic mirror at an incidence angle other than normal may be desired due to space limitations or for higher throughput (normal incidence requires a beam splitter). This dissertation presents an analysis based on the characteristic function of the system. It provides 2nd and 3rd order aberration coefficients in terms of dynamic focus range and base ray incidence angle. These afford an understanding of the significance of different types of aberrations. Root-mean-square and Strehl calculations provide insight into overall imaging performance for various conditions. I present general guidelines for maximum incidence angle and field of fiew that provide near diffraction-limited performance. Experimental verification of the MEMS mirrors at 5° and 45° incidence angles validates the analytical results. A Blu-ray optical pick-up imaging demonstration shows the utility of these mirrors for focus control and spherical aberration correction. Imaging results of the first demonstration of a deformable mirror for dynamic agile focus control and spherical aberration correction in a commercial table-top confocal microscope are also shown.
