Download or read book Impedances And Wakes In High Energy Particle Accelerators written by Semyon Kheifets and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-02-28 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern particle accelerators and storage rings, whether used for high-energy physics, synchrotron light sources, or other purposes, require particle beams with the highest possible intensity. In order to achieve this maximum performance, a good understanding of the interaction of the charged particle beams with the surrounding vacuum chamber and other accelerator components is necessary. In the frequency domain, this interaction can be described by impedances, and equivalently by wake fields in the time domain. These need to be known to estimate the thresholds of coherent instabilities, or other collective effects, which limit the achievable beam current. Such considerations have to be taken into account already during the design of such machines, as they limit the choice of materials and the shapes of components required for their operations.The book explains the basic concepts, and the methods which have been used to calculate impedances and wakes. The emphasis is on circular particle accelerators and storage rings, with which the authors are more familiar, but many of these concepts are equally useful in linear accelerators or colliders. Without any pretense of completeness, the most important accelerator components, such as vacuum chambers with bellows and pumping ports, RF and other cavities, single steps, irises and collimators, etc. are described in specialised chapters. Also limitations and restrictions of the impedance and wake field descriptions are discussed. The book is mainly written for physicists working with or on particle accelerators or storage rings, and who want to understand the methods which have been used for such calculations.

Download or read book Brilliant Light in Life and Material Sciences written by Vasili Tsakanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-18 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains an excellent overview of the status and highlights of brilliant light facilities and their applications in biology, chemistry, medicine, materials and environmental sciences. Overview papers on diverse fields of research by leading experts are accompanied by the highlights in the near and long-term perspectives of brilliant X-Ray photon beam usage for fundamental and applied research.

Download or read book Nanotechnology Research Directions IWGN Workshop Report written by R.S. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: energy production, environmental management, transportation, communication, computation, and education. As the twenty-first century unfolds, nanotechnology's impact on the health, wealth, and security of the world's people is expected to be at least as significant as the combined influences in this century of antibiotics, the integrated circuit, and human-made polymers. Dr. Neal Lane, Advisor to the President for Science and Technology and former National Science Foundation (NSF) director, stated at a Congressional hearing in April 1998, "If I were asked for an area of science and engineering that will most likely produce the breakthroughs of tomorrow, I would point to nanoscale science and engineering. " Recognizing this potential, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) have issued a joint memorandum to Federal agency heads that identifies nanotechnology as a research priority area for Federal investment in fiscal year 2001. This report charts "Nanotechnology Research Directions," as developed by the Interagency W orking Group on Nano Science, Engineering, and Technology (IWGN) of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The report incorporates the views of leading experts from government, academia, and the private sector. It reflects the consensus reached at an IWGN-sponsored workshop held on January 27-29, 1999, and detailed in contributions submitted thereafter by members of the V. S. science and engineering community. (See Appendix A for a list of contributors.

Download or read book Beam Acceleration In Crystals And Nanostructures Proceedings Of The Workshop written by Gerard Mourou and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Recent advancements in generation of intense X-ray laser ultrashort pulses open opportunities for particle acceleration in solid-state plasmas. Wakefield acceleration in crystals or carbon nanotubes shows promise of unmatched ultra-high accelerating gradients and possibility to shape the future of high energy physics colliders. This book summarizes the discussions of the "Workshop on Beam Acceleration in Crystals and Nanostructures" (Fermilab, June 24-25, 2019), presents next steps in theory and modeling and outlines major physics and technology challenges toward proof-of-principle demonstration experiments"--Publisher's website.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Beam Physics written by Jamie Rosenzweig and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents beam physics using a unified approach emphasizing basic concepts and analysis methods. Beyond single particle dynamics, the proliferation of commonly used beam descriptions are surveyed and compared. Aspects of experimental techniques are introduced.

Download or read book MRI for Radiographers written by Philip T. English and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important developments in diagnostic imaging over the last decade has been magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Its ability to differentiate between tissues and give patholog ical information about diseases has led to earlier treatment, thus increasing the likelihood of recovery. The images produced using this technique give superb anatomical detail in any plane and are obtained without the use of ionising radiation. The increased use of MRI has presented radiographers with a number of challenges, and because we are no longer dealing with ionising radiation understanding the subject can some times be confusing. We hope that this text will help radiographers and student radiographers to further their knowledge and unravel the mysteries of MRI. Philip T. English Christine Moore Contents 1 Basic Principles . . . . . . . . . 1 History ..... . 1 Atomic Theory . . 1 Magnetic Theory . 2 Resonance 4 Relaxation. . . . . 5 2 Instrumentation........ 9 The Magnet .. 9 Shim Coils ........... . 12 Gradient Coils ......... . 13 RF Transmitter/Receiver Coils. 14 The Computer . . . . . . . . . 18 3 Pulse Sequences. . . . . . . . . 19 Saturation Recovery (Partial Saturation) 19 Spin Echo (SE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Multiple Spin Echo. . . . . . . . . . . 22 Fast Spin Echo (FSE) or Turbo Spin Echo (TSE). 23 Inversion Recovery (IR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Gradient Echo .................. . 28 Magnetisation Transfer Contrast Imaging (MTC) 34 4 Image Production. . . . . . . .

Download or read book High Entropy Alloys written by Michael C. Gao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-27 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a systematic and comprehensive description of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). The authors summarize key properties of HEAs from the perspective of both fundamental understanding and applications, which are supported by in-depth analyses. The book also contains computational modeling in tackling HEAs, which help elucidate the formation mechanisms and properties of HEAs from various length and time scales.

Download or read book High Nitrogen Steels written by Valentin G. Gavriljuk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic research and new manufacturing methods have led to high nitrogen steels (HNS), a promising new group of materials for use in advanced applications in mechanical and chemical engineering. The book deals with the atomic structure, constitution, properties, manufacturing and application of martensitic, austenitic, duplex and dualphase steels of superior strength and corrosion resistance. Combining metallurgy and engineering aspects. It gives a detailed overview and presents new results on HNS. The book is intended for scientists as well as technologists, who will find stimulating information.

Download or read book Synchrotron Radiation written by Settimio Mobilio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-06 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synchrotron radiation is today extensively used for fundamental and applied research in many different fields of science. Its exceptional characteristics in terms of intensity, brilliance, spectral range, time structure and now also coherence pushed many experimental techniques to previously un-reachable limits, enabling the performance of experiments unbelievable only few years ago. The book gives an up-to-date overview of synchrotron radiation research today with a view to the future, starting from its generation and sources, its interaction with matter, illustrating the main experimental technique employed and provides an overview of the main fields of research in which new and innovative results are obtained. The book is addressed to PhD students and young researchers to provide both an introductory and a rather deep knowledge of the field. It will also be helpful to experienced researcher who want to approach the field in a professional way.

Download or read book B Decays written by Sheldon Stone and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2nd edition is an extensive update of "B Decays?. The revisions are necessary because of the extensive amount of new data and new theoretical ideas. This book reviews what is known about b-quark decays and also looks at what can be learned in the future.The importance of this research area is increasing, as evidenced by the approval of the luminosity upgrade for CESR and the asymmetric B factories at SLAC and KEK, and the possibility of experiments at hadron colliders.The key experimental observations made thus far, measurement of the lifetimes of the different B species, B0-B0 mixing, the discovery of ?Penguin? mediated decays, and the extraction of the CKM matrix elements Vub and Vcb from semileptonic decays, as well as more mundane results, are described in great detail by the experimentalists who have been closely involved with making the measurements. Theoretical progress in understanding b-quark decays using HQET and lattice gauge techniques are described by theorists who have developed and used these techniques.Synthesizing the experimental and theoretical information, several articles discuss the implications for the ?Standard Model? and how further tests can be done using measurements of CP violation in the B system.

Download or read book Herbal Medicine in India written by Saikat Sen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the medical importance of and increasing global interest in herbal medicines, herbal health products, herbal pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, food supplements, herbal cosmetics, etc. It also addresses various issues that are hampering the advancement of Indian herbal medicine around the globe; these include quality concerns and quality control, pharmacovigilance, scientific investigation and validation, IPR and biopiracy, and the challenge that various indigenous systems of medicine are at risk of being lost. The book also explores the role of traditional medicine in providing new functional leads and modern approaches that can offer elegant strategies for facilitating the drug discovery process. The book also provides in-depth information on various traditional medicinal systems in India and discusses their medical importance. India has a very long history of safely using many herbal drugs. Folk medicine is also a key source of medical knowledge and plays a vital role in maintaining health in rural and remote areas. Despite its importance, this form of medicine largely remains under-investigated. Out of all the traditional medicinal systems used worldwide, Indian traditional medicine holds a unique position, as it has continued to deliver healthcare throughout the Asian subcontinent since ancient times. In addition, traditional medicine has been used to derive advanced techniques and investigate many modern drugs. Given the scope of its coverage, the book offers a valuable resource for scientists and researchers exploring traditional and herbal medicine, as well as graduate students in courses on traditional medicine, herbal medicine and pharmacy.

Download or read book Synchrotron Light Sources and Free Electron Lasers written by Eberhard J. Jaeschke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.

Download or read book Biophysics written by Roland Glaser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-10-22 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biophysics is the science of physical principles underlying the "phenomenon of life" on all levels of organization. This book begins by explaining molecular and ionic interactions, movements, excitation and energy transfer, and the self-organization of supramolecular structures. Then the biological organism is introduced as a non-equilibrium system. Finally, system analyses are discussed as well as environmental biophysics, ecological interactions, growth, differentiation, and evolution. A growing number of applications in biotechnology are based on these biophysical concepts.

Download or read book Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering written by Alexander Wu Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this expanded and updated new edition of the bestselling Handbook, containing more than 100 new articles, is aimed at the design and operation of modern particle accelerators. It is intended as a vade mecum for professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects. With a collection of more than 2000 equations, 300 illustrations and 500 graphs and tables, here one will find, in addition to the common formulae of previous compilations, hard-to-find, specialized formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime experience of many of the world''s most able practitioners of the art and science of accelerators.The eight chapters include both theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic and nuclear interactions deal with linear and nonlinear single particle and collective effects including spin motion, beam-environment, beam-beam, beam-electron, beam-ion and intrabeam interactions. The impedance concept and related calculations are dealt with at length as are the instabilities associated with the various interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations includes discussions on the assessment and correction of orbit and optics errors, real-time feedbacks, generation of short photon pulses, bunch compression, tuning of normal and superconducting linacs, energy recovery linacs, free electron lasers, cooling, space-charge compensation, brightness of light sources, collider luminosity optimization and collision schemes. Chapters on mechanical and electrical considerations present material data and important aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback systems, confinement and acceleration (both normal conducting and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a subsystems chapter, beam measurement techniques and apparatus being treated therein as well. The closing chapter gives data and methods for radiation protection computations as well as much data on radiation damage to various materials and devices.A detailed name and subject index is provided together with reliable references to the literature where the most detailed information available on all subjects treated can be found.

Download or read book Advances in Fluid and Thermal Engineering written by Pankaj Saha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Future Learning Aspects of Mechanical Engineering (FLAME 2018). The book gives an overview of recent developments in the field of thermal and fluid engineering, and covers theoretical and experimental fluid dynamics, numerical methods in heat transfer and fluid mechanics, different modes of heat transfer, multiphase transport and phase change, fluid machinery, turbo machinery, and fluid power. The book is primarily intended for researchers and professionals working in the field of fluid dynamics and thermal engineering.

Download or read book Elementary Particles Accelerators and Colliders written by Ugo Amaldi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a historical consideration of the types and evolution of accelerators the physics of particle beams is provided in detail. Topics dealt with comprise linear and nonlinear beam dynamics, collective phenomena in beams, and interactions of beams with the surroundings. The design and principles of synchrotrons, circular and linear colliders, and of linear accelerators are discussed next. Also technological aspects of accelerators (magnets, RF cavities, cryogenics, power supply, vacuum, beam instrumentation, injection and extraction) are reviewed, as well as accelerator operation (parameter control, beam feedback system, orbit correction, luminosity optimization). After introducing the largest accelerators and colliders of their times the application of accelerators and storage rings in industry, medicine, basic science, and energy research is discussed, including also synchrotron radiation sources and spallation sources. Finally, cosmic accelerators and an outlook for the future are given.

Download or read book General Relativity and Gravitational Physics written by Giampiero Esposito and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-03-29 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers were peer reviewed. Research advances in gravitation and general relativity are discussed, ranging from classical to quantum theories of gravity. Relativistic theories have become the basic model for new research fields encompassing importantexperiments and observations which represent a frontier on which Einstein's theory of gravity can be tested. This will provide some new insight into the field of gravitational physics. The proceedings will be a valuable source for advanced graduate students and research workers at all levels.