Download or read book Der Munizipalsozialismus in Europa written by Uwe Kühl and published by De Gruyter Oldenbourg. This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Im ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert standen alle Städte vor dem Problem, eine rasch wachsende Bevölkerung mit öffentlichen Dienstleistungen zu versorgen. Diese Aufgabe ging weit über den bisherigen Tätigkeitsbereich der Gemeinden hinaus. In unterschiedlichem Ausmaß und Breite boten die Städte Leistungen an, die bislang als gänzlich private Angelegenheit gegolten hatten. Während einerseits "Munizipalsozialismus" eine Politik bezeichnete, die am Anfang des modernen Wohlfahrtsstaates steht, galt er andererseits als Staatsintervention, welche die Grundlagen der liberal-kapitalistischen Gesellschaft bedrohte. Die aktuellen Debatten über Deregulierung und die bereits verwirklichten Schritte in diese Richtung lassen es sinnvoll erscheinen, einen Blick darauf zu werfen, was denn "Munizipalsozialismus" in Europas zwischen 1880 und 1939 tatsächlich bedeutete. Die Beiträge über Frankreich, Spanien, Deutschland, England und die Schweiz zeigen die ganze Spannweite kommunaler Interventionspolitik auf, die sich je nach den politischen Rahmenbedingungen von purem Fiskalismus bis zu Maßnahmen erstreckte, die eindeutig sozialistischer Theorie entsprangen.
Download or read book Wohnen in der Grossstadt 1900 1939 written by Alena Janatková and published by Franz Steiner Verlag. This book was released on 2006 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Der Band fasst Beitrage zusammen, die auf der Leipziger Konferenz im Jahre 2001 vorgestellt wurde. Gemeinsames Thema ist das Wohnen in europaischen Grossstadten. Diskutiert werden die stadtischen und die staatlichen Initiativen zur Behegung der Wohnungsnot in der Zwischenkriegszeit, wobei Sozialpolitik und soziale Kontrolle, staatspolitische Rhetorik und die Realitat der Wohnungspolitik gesonderte Aspekte darstellen. Konzepte der Klein- bzw. Minimalwohnung und Modelle burgerlichen Wohnens werden im Zusammenhang von Konzeptionen der Grossstadt und deren Modernisierung bzw. Technisierung thematisiert. Mit dem Versuch, die ostmitteleuropaischen Grossstadte und deren Wohnverhaltnisse im gesamteuropaischen Kontext zu sehen, werden die Grenzen in der Geographie der aktuellen Forschung zugleich uberschritten und hinterfragt. Inhalt: Adelheid von Saldern: Wohnen in der europaischen Grossstadt 1900-1939. Eine Einfuhrung Grossstadtische Stadtviertel und Wohnmilieus: Anna Zarnowska: Veranderungen der Wohnkultur im Prozess der Adaption von Zuwanderern an das grossstadtische Leben an der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert am Beispiel von Warschau und Lodz Sabine Rutar: Wohnen in Triest um die Jahrhundertwende Agnieszka Zablocka-Kos: Wohnen in der City. Die Breslauer Altstadt im 19. Jahrhundert Uwe Schneider: Das Konzept der "Gartenkultur" und die "Entdeckung" des Siedlergartens Gerd Kuhn: "Wildes" Siedeln und "stille" Suburbanisierung. Von den Wohnlauben zu den privaten Stadtrandsiedlungen Kommunale Wohnpolitik und gemeinnutziger Wohnungsbau: Christoph Kuhn: Stadterweiterung und hygienischer Stadtebau in Leipzig. Zu den administrativen Wurzeln einer Wohnreform um 1900 Anna Bitner-Nowak: Wohnungspolitik und Wohnverhaltnisse in Posen in den Jahren 1990-1939 Hanna Kozinska-Witt: Die Krakauer kommunale Selbstverwaltung und die Frage der Kleinwohnungen 1900-1939 Ute Caumanns: Mietskasernen und "Glaserne Hauser" Soziales Wohnen in Warschau zwischen Philanthropie und Genossenschaft 1900-1939 Andreas R. Hofmann: Von der Spekulation zur Intervention. Formen des Arbeiterwohnungsbaus in Lodz und Brunn vor und nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg Modernisierung des Wohnens und soziale Disziplinierung: Dieter Schott: Wohnen im Netz. Zur Modernisierung grossstadtischen Wohnens durch technische Netzwerke 1900-1939 Anna Veronika Wendland: "Europa" zivilisiert den "Osten" Stadthygienische Interventionen, Wohnen und Konsum in Wilna und Lemberg 1900-1930 Martina Hessler: Die Vertreibung ins Paradies. Von der technisierten Wohnmaschine zur "Primitivsiedlung" Wohnreform in Frankfurt a.M. zwischen 1926 und 1939 Alena Janatkova: Die Bauaufgabe Kleinwohnung in der Tschechoslowakei der Zwischenkriegszeit Beate Stortkuhl: Wohnungsbau der Zwischenkriegszeit in Breslau im ostmitteleuropaischen Kontext. Eine Vergleichsstudie Schichtenspezifisches Wohnen: Kazimierz Karolczak: Das Palais als Wohnstatte der Aristokratie am Fallbeispiel Lemberg Hanna Grzeszczuk-Brendel: Das Villen-Mietshaus in Posen: Eine neue Vorstellung von Wohnung und Stadt Gabor Gyani: Housing patterns of Burgertum: A Budapest case study from the 1920s Iris Meder: Josef Frank und die Wiener Schule der skeptischen Moderne Hakan Forsell: "Paying the rent". A perspective on changes in an every-day pattern. Stockholm, Berlin and Vienna Susanne Schmidt: Arbeitersiedlung und Arbeiteralltag im oberschlesischen Industriegebiet Abbildungsverzeichnis - Personenregister - Ortsregister
Download or read book Private and Public Enterprise in Europe written by Robert Millward and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Cities in the Modern Era 1850 1914 written by Friedrich Lenger and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-08-17 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In European Cities in the Modern Era, 1850-1914 Friedrich Lenger analyses the demographic and economic preconditions of European urbanization, compares the extent to which Europe’s cities were characterized by heterogeneity with respect to the social, national and religious composition of its population and asks in which way differences resulting from this heterogeneity were resolved either peacefully or violently. Using this general perspective and extending the scope by including Eastern and Southern Europe the dominant view of Europe’s prewar cities as islands of modernity is challenged and the ubiquity of urban violence established as a central analytical problem.
Download or read book Who Ran the Cities written by Ralf Roth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question of who actually ran cities in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries has been increasingly debated in recent years. As well as trying to understand the distribution of political power and the rise of broad political participation, urban historians have questioned how and whether elites retained influence in municipal government. The essays in this collection provide a detailed examination of the relationship between urban elites and the exercise of 'power', bringing together economic, social and cultural history with the political history of power resources and decision-making. The volume challenges common perceptions of a monolithic urban elite by looking at specific case studies. Collectively these essays provide a more sophisticated view of the exercise of urban power as the negotiation of various elite groups defined by their economic, social, political or cultural privilege. To contribute to this complex account of the history of cities, elites, and their influence, the collection applies a range of methodological approaches to studying European and American cities, as well as the wider world.
Download or read book The State and Business in the Major Powers written by Robert Millward and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the state emerged as a major player in the economies of the Western World. This important new volume provides an economic history for the period 1815-1939 of state/business relations in the major powers: France, Germany, Japan, Russia, UK and the USA. The book challenges the traditional story that the scale of state intervention reflected the degree to which each country was ideologically committed to laissez-faire, and which also tended to assume that governments were interested in economic growth and raising average living standards. Robert Millward gives a rather different perspective, arguing that the scale of state intervention and the differences across countries were motivated more by considerations of external defence and internal unification than by any notions of promoting economic growth or adherence to laissez-faire. This book provides, for the first time, an integrated economic history of these state /business relations in the major powers in the period 1815-1939, and offers a completely new perspective on the links between tariff policies, state enterprise in manufacturing, the treatment of the peasantry, regulation of railways, taxation of the business sector, policies on cartels, trusts and competition.
Download or read book European Socialists and the State in the Twentieth and Twenty First Centuries written by Mathieu Fulla and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-05 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume promotes a comparative and transnational approach to the complex and ambiguous relationship between West European socialism and the contemporary state over the longue durée. It encourages a better understanding of socialism while also casting an original light on the history of the contemporary state in Europe. Socialists have been a prime political force since the late nineteenth century through to the present. Through their strength, their presence at the heart of societies, their dynamism, inventiveness, and influence, they have left their mark on the European physiognomy and helped to forge part of its identity. This is particularly true where the welfare state is concerned, and the role played by the state in constructing, embedding, and extending this social model. Surprisingly, there has been no research aiming to systematically analyse the relationship between socialism and the state. This volume fills a gap in knowledge by rejecting the media simplification and political polemic maintained by opponents of socialism – and sometimes by socialists themselves – which systematically links socialism with “statism”. It focuses on numerous case studies involving France, Italy, Spain, Greece, Austria, Germany, Belgium, the United Kingdom and Scandinavia, and highlights the diversity of organisations within European socialism. Ultimately, this book demonstrates that the fate of this political culture depends on the socialist parties themselves but also on any new configurations that states may assume. Conversely, the future of states will also depend partly on the choices made by socialists, if they still exist and still have the means to shape decisions and make their voices heard.
Download or read book A Modern History of European Cities written by Rosemary Wakeman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-23 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rosemary Wakeman's original survey text comprehensively explores modern European urban history from 1815 to the present day. It provides a journey to cities and towns across the continent, in search of the patterns of development that have shaped the urban landscape as indelibly European. The focus is on the built environment, the social and cultural transformations that mark the patterns of continuity and change, and the transition to modern urban society. Including over 60 images that serve to illuminate the analysis, the book examines whether there is a European city, and if so, what are its characteristics? Wakeman offers an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates concepts from cultural and postcolonial studies, as well as urban geography, and provides full coverage of urban society not only in western Europe, but also in eastern and southern Europe, using various cities and city types to inform the discussion. The book provides detailed coverage of the often-neglected urbanization post-1945 which allows us to more clearly understand the modernizing arc Europe has followed over the last two centuries.
Download or read book The Basic Environmental History written by Mauro Agnoletti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introductory instrument to the main themes of environmental history, illustrating its development over time, methodological implications, results achieved and those still under discussion. But the overriding aspiration is to show that the doubts, methods and knowledge elaborated by environmental history have a heuristic value that is far from negligible precisely in its attitude to the most consolidated major historiography. For this reason, this book gives an overview of environmental history as it is an essential component of the basic knowledge of global history. At the same time, it introduces specific aspects which are useful both for anyone wanting to deepen his/her studies of environmental historiography and for those interested in one of the many disciplinary areas – from rural history to urban history, from the history of technology to the history of public health, etc. with which environmental history develops a dialogue.
Download or read book Energie und Stadt in Europa written by Dieter Schott and published by Franz Steiner Verlag. This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Dem Herausgeber ist es gelungen, hervorragende Fachleute in einem abgerundeten und, so lasst sich zusammenfassend sagen, wegweisenden Band zur Geschichte der stadtischen Energiefrage im Europa der Neuzeit zusammenzufuhren." Technikgeschichte Inhalt: Dieter Schott: Einfuhrung: Energie und Stadt in Europa. Von der vorindustriellen ,Holznotae bis zur Olkrise der 1970er Jahre Joachim Radkau: Das Ratsel der stadtischen Brennholzversorgung im "holzernen Zeitalter" Bill Luckin: Town, Country and Metropolis: The Formation of an Air Pollution Problem in London, 1800-1870 Jean Lorcin: Le "socialisme municipal" et l'electrification des villes francaises: frein ou accelerateur? Le cas de Saint-Etienne Alexandre Fernandez: La gestion des reseaux electriques par les grandes villes francaises, vers 1880 - vers 1930 Uwe Kuhl: Anfange stadtischer Elektrifizierung in Deutschland und Frankreich Gerhard Melinz: Gas und Elektrizitat als Elemente "stadtischer Leistungsverwaltung"? Kommunalisierungsprozesse und -strategien in Wien, Prag und Budapest im Kontext von politischen und okonomischen Interessen (1860-1918) Dieter Schott: Power for Industry: Electrification and its strategic use for industrial promotion. The case of Mannheim Marjolein aet Hart: Energy supply, energy saving and local government in twentieth century Netherlands. (Franz Steiner 1997)
Download or read book Public and Social Services in Europe written by Hellmut Wollmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-12 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents comparative analyses and accounts of the institutional changes that have occurred to the local level delivery of public utilities and personal social services in countries across Europe. Guided by a common conceptual frame and written by leading country experts, the book pursues a “developmental” approach to consider how the public/municipal sector-centred institutionalization of service delivery (climaxing in the 1970s) developed through its New Public Management-inspired and European Union market liberalization-driven restructuring of the 1980s and early 1990s. The book also discusses the most recent phase since the late 1990s, which has been marked by further marketization and privatization of service delivery on the one hand, and some return to public sector provision (“remunicipalization”) on the other. By comprising some 20 European countries, including Central East European “transformation” countries as well as the “sovereign debt”-stricken countries of Southern Europe, the chapters of this volume cover a much broader cross section of countries than other recent publications on the same subject.
Download or read book Cities of Power written by G÷ran Therborn and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are cities centers of power? A sociological analysis of urban politics In this brilliant, very original survey of the politics and meanings of urban landscapes, leading sociologist Göran Therborn offers a tour of the world’s major capital cities, showing how they have been shaped by national, popular, and global forces. Their stories begin with the emergence of various kinds of nation-state, each with its own special capital city problematic. In turn, radical shifts of power have impacted on these cities’ development, in popular urban reforms or movements of protest and resistance; in the rise and fall of fascism and military dictatorships; and the coming and going of Communism. Therborn also analyzes global moments of urban formation, of historical globalized nationalism, as well as the cities of current global image capitalism and their variations of skyscraping, gating, and displays of novelty. Through a global, historical lens, and with a thematic range extending from the mutations of modernist architecture to the contemporary return of urban revolutions, Therborn questions received assumptions about the source, manifestations, and reach of urban power, combining perspectives on politics, sociology, urban planning, architecture, and urban iconography. He argues that, at a time when they seem to be moving apart, there is a strong link between the city and the nation-state, and that the current globalization of cities is largely driven by the global aspirations of politicians as well as those of national and local capital. With its unique systematic overview, from Washington, D.C. and revolutionary Paris to the flamboyant twenty- first-century capital Astana in Kazakhstan, its wealth of urban observations from all the populated continents, and its sharp and multi-faceted analyses, Cities of Power forces us to rethink our urban future, as well as our historically shaped present.
Download or read book The Gas Sector in Latin Europe s Industrial History written by Ana Cardoso de Matos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-15 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume sheds light on the technical and institutional handicaps that the gas industry had to face since the early 19th century to consolidate its position in the energy market. It traces the history of gas energy use in a European context to understand the reasons for its crucial nature in the region. Going back to the start of gas production in England and France at the turn of the 18th century, the book has a specific focus on Latin Europe: Portugal, Spain, France, and Italy. Topics discussed include, but are not limited to the evolution of gas technology and associations; capital, technical, and human transfer among countries; strategies carried out by gas companies to promote their activity; how gas companies adapted to changing markets, faced with the competition of electricity at the end of the 19th century, until late 20th century; and how war, especially the Second World War, affected gas supply in Latin Europe. Finally, the volume discusses the emerging use of natural gas by France and Italy after 1945, which meant a quantitative advantage compared to their neighbors in Latin Europe, Portugal and Spain, as well as a political advantage, in terms of energetic independence. The book will appeal to scholars, students, and researchers of economic history, business history, as well as technological history, interested in a better understanding of the evolution of gas into a major energy source, a role that it has kept until today.
Download or read book Lifelines of Our Society written by Dirk Van Laak and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive history and examination of global infrastructures and the outsized role they play in our lives. Infrastructure is essential to defining how the public functions, yet there is little public knowledge regarding why and how it became today’s strongest global force over government and individual lives. Who should build and maintain infrastructures? How are they to be protected? And why are they all in such bad shape? In Lifelines of Our Society, Dirk van Laak offers broad audiences a history of global infrastructures—focused on Western societies, over the past two hundred years—that considers all their many paradoxes. He illustrates three aspects of infrastructure: their development, their influence on nation building and colonialism, and finally, how individuals internalize infrastructure and increasingly become not only its user but regulator. Beginning with public works, infrastructure in the nineteenth century carried the hope that it would facilitate world peace. Van Laak shows how, instead, it transformed to promote consumerism’s individual freedoms and our notions of work, leisure, and fulfillment. Lifelines of Our Society reveals how today’s infrastructure is both a source and a reflection of concentrated power and economic growth, which takes the form of cities under permanent construction. Symbols of power, van Laak describes, come with vulnerability, and this book illustrates the dual nature of infrastructure’s potential to hold nostalgia and inspire fear, to ease movement and govern ideas, and to bring independence to the nuclear family and control governments of the Global South.
Download or read book Children of the Revolution written by Robert Gildea and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2008-07-31 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nineteenth-century France was one of the world's great cultural beacons, renowned for its dazzling literature, philosophy, art, poetry and technology. Yet this was also a tumultuous century of political anarchy and bloodshed, where each generation of the French Revolution's 'children' would experience their own wars, revolutions and terrors. From soldiers to priests, from peasants to Communards, from feminists to literary figures such as Victor Hugo and Honoré de Balzac, Robert Gildea's brilliant new history explores every aspect of these rapidly changing times, and the people who lived through them.
Download or read book Urbanizing Nature written by Tim Soens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-14 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do we mean when we say that cities have altered humanity’s interaction with nature? The more people are living in cities, the more nature is said to be "urbanizing": turned into a resource, mobilized over long distances, controlled, transformed and then striking back with a vengeance as "natural disaster". Confronting insights derived from Environmental History, Science and Technology Studies or Political Ecology, Urbanizing Nature aims to counter teleological perspectives on the birth of modern "urban nature" as a uniform and linear process, showing how new technological schemes, new actors and new definitions of nature emerged in cities from the sixteenth to the twentieth century.
Download or read book Urban Machinery written by Mikael Hård and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Machinery investigates the technological dimension of modern European cities, vividly describing the most dramatic changes in the urban environment over the last century and a half. Written by leading scholars from the history of technology, urban history, sociology and science, technology, and society, the book views the European city as a complex construct entangled with technology. The chapters examine the increasing similarity of modern cities and their technical infrastructures (including communication, energy, industrial, and transportation systems) and the resulting tension between homogenization and cultural differentiation. The contributors emphasize the concept of circulation--the process by which architectural ideas, urban planning principles, engineering concepts, and societal models spread across Europe as well as from the United States to Europe. They also examine the parallel process of appropriation--how these systems and practices have been adapted to prevailing institutional structures and cultural preferences. Urban Machinery, with contributions by scholars from eight countries, and more than thirty illustrations (many of them rare photographs never published before), includes studies from northern and southern and from eastern and western Europe, and also discusses how European cities were viewed from the periphery (modernizing Turkey) and from the United States.ContributorsHans Buiter, Paolo Capuzzo, Noyan Din�kal, Cornelis Disco, P�l Germuska, Mikael H�rd, Martina He�ler, Dagmara Jajesniak-Quast, Andrew Jamison, Per Lundin, Thomas J. Misa, Dieter Schott, Marcus StippakMikael H�rd is Professor of History at Darmstadt University of Technology. His books include The Intellectual Appropriation of Technology: Discourses on Modernity, 1900-1939 (coedited with Andrew Jamison; MIT Press, 1998). Thomas J. Misa is ERA-Land Grant Professor of the History of Technology at the University of Minnesota, where he directs the Charles Babbage Institute. His books include Modernity and Technology (coedited with Philip Brey and Andrew Feenberg; MIT Press, 2003).
