Download or read book Degradation of Toxaphene in the Presence of Zero valent Iron written by Seethu Mariam Babu and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Removal of contaminants by pump and treat technology has been found to be an inefficient process. Little investigation about the treatment of the effluent produced by the pump and treat technology has been conducted. Dechlorination of chlorinated compounds to reduce its toxicity is a significant priority in the environmental field. Additionally, the dechlorination in the presence of metallic compounds has been successfully tested. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of zero-valent iron (Fe0) in treating toxaphene in aqueous solution. The disappearance rate of toxaphene showed a linear logarithmic trend. Toxaphene dechlorination adsorption displayed first order kinetics following the Freundlich Isotherm. The highest disappearance rate for the batch study was found to be 0.226 h-1 for 5 ppm. The Kd value was found to be 0.817 mL/g. The disappearance rates increased with the increase in the concentration of toxaphene. It was seen that with the increase of concentration of toxaphene, the amount of adsorption on the iron surface also increased. Therefore, this provided as an effective way of reducing toxaphene in hazardous sites.

Download or read book Degradation of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants by Zero Valent Iron written by Deepak Babu Malla and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Degradation of Energetic Compounds by Zero Valent Iron written by Pischa Wanaratna and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords - energetic compounds, RDX, TNT, HMX, pinkwater, zero valent iron, reduction, kinetics, reaction by-products.

Download or read book The Potential Reduction of Combined Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Zero Valent Iron written by Leslie Michele Pipkin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The research is focused on the degradation of two endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in zero-valent iron. The endocrine disrupting compounds bisphenol A (BPA) and 17b-estradiol (E2) are chemical compounds that have an adverse effect on the environment, humans, and wildlife. These two chemical constituents are being examined in this research because they are still being used today and continue to impact their surrounding environment. These chemicals are considered persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to the environment. The research explores the technological use of zero-valent iron to degrade the chemical constituents in aqueous form. The study conducted laboratory batch experiments to compare the efficiency of using zero-valent iron in a reducing environment to remediate endocrine disrupting compounds in groundwater. The experimentations looked at varying ratios of volume of solution to mass of zero-valent iron. Furthermore, this study compared the reactions of the chemical constituent in question by varying the aqueous solution to entail the combined constituents (BPA and E2) to separate solutions to determine the chemical degradation model and rates over a period of a week. During the experiments held out with the combined concentration of BPA and E2, both BPA and E2 followed a power-law model. Degradation rates increased as the varying volume to mass ratio decreased. The higher degradation rates were found with a volume to mass solution at 2-1 which gave the chemicals the shortest half-lives. BPA's lowest calculated half-life was approximately 12 days. E2's lowest calculated half-life was approximately 1 day. The degradation rates varied for each EDC when the compounds were treated separately in an aqueous solution over a 24-hour period. The set of experimentations showed that the higher degradation rates occurred with a volume to mass ratio of 2-1. BPA followed the first-order degradation model and showed a reduction of approximately 93% with a calculated half-life of 24 days. E2 followed a pseudo first-order degradation model and showed a reduction of approximately 92% during a 24-hour period with a calculated half-life of 2.655 hours. The research shows that the chemicals are competing for the surface area of the iron when in combined solutions. The experimentations in separate solutions show that E2 is a limiting factor in the ZVI. The research determined that degradation of bisphenol A and 17b-estradiol will occur in an aqueous solution in zero-valent iron.

Download or read book Degradation of 1 2 Dichloroethane with Nano scale Zero Valent Iron Particles written by Ambareen Atisha and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Degradation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds Using Zero valent Metals written by Punam Patel and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pesticides in Soil and Water written by W. D. Guenzi and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide-clay-water interactions; Pesticide organic matter interactions; Movement of pesticides in soil; Movement of pesticides in surface water; Volatilization of pesticides; nonbiological degradation of pesticides; Degradation of pesticides by soil microorganisms; Persistence of pesticides in soil; Effects of soil on the biological activity of pesticides; Plant uptake of insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants from soils; Effects of pesticides on microorganisms in soil and water; Effects of pesticides on nontarget invertebrates in freshwater and soil; Prevention and detoxification of pesticide residues in soil; Removal of organic pesticides from water to improve quality; Extraction and analytical techniques for pesticides in soil, sediment, and water.

Download or read book Agrochemicals Detection Treatment and Remediation written by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agrochemicals Detection, Treatment and Remediation focuses on the latest research surrounding the detection and remediation of a new generation of agrochemical contaminants. The book defines the occurrence, sources, types and effects of agrochemicals, including herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and soil fumigants in the environment. The book covers both advanced physical and chemical methods for the abatement of these emerging contaminants in environmental media. Environmental Engineers and Researchers will find this to be a valuable reference on advanced processes for resource recovery, including nanotechnology for the recovery of phosphate from fertilizer industry wastewater. Provides the latest physical and chemical methods used for the abatement of chemical fertilizers and pesticides Covers genetically engineered microbes for the remediation of a wide range of agrochemicals Presents methods for determining the occurrence, sources, types and effects of agrochemical on environmental media Includes unique case studies from across the globe

Download or read book Chemical Oxidation Applications for Industrial Wastewaters written by Olcay Tunay and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent scientific and technological developments (state-of-the-art) in the field of chemical oxidation processes applicable for the efficient treatment of biologically-difficult-to-degrade, toxic and/or recalcitrant effluents originating from different manufacturing processes. It is a comprehensive review of process and pollution profiles as well as conventional, advanced and emerging treatment processes & technologies developed for the most relevant and pollution (wet processing)-intensive industrial sectors. It addresses chemical/photochemical oxidative treatment processes, case-specific treatability problems of major industrial sectors, emerging (novel) as well as pilot/full-scale applications, process integration, treatment system design & sizing criteria (figure-of-merits), cost evaluation and success stories in the application of chemical oxidative treatment processes. Chemical Oxidation Applications for Industrial Wastewaters is an essential reference for lecturers, researchers, industrial and environmental engineers and practitioners working in the field of environmental science and engineering. Visit the IWA WaterWiki to read and share material related to this title: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/CHEMICALOXIDATIONAPPLICATIONSFORINDUSTRIALWASTEWATERS Authors: Professor Olcay Tünay, Professor Isik Kabdasli, Associate Professor Idil Arslan-Alaton and Assistant Professor Tugba Ölmez-Hanci, Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey.

Download or read book Nano and Bio Based Technologies for Wastewater Treatment written by Elvis Fosso-Kankeu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents recent challenges related to new forms of pollution from industries and discusses adequate state-of-the-art technologies capable to remediate such forms of pollution. Over the past few decades the boom in the industrial sector has contributed to the release in the environment of pollutants that have no regulatory status and which may have significant impact on the health of humans and animals. These pollutants also referred to as "emerging pollutants", are mostly aromatic compounds which derive from excretion of pharmaceutical, industrial effluents and municipal discharge. It is recurrent these days to find water treatment plants which no longer produce water that fits the purpose of domestic consumption based on newly established guidelines. This situation has prompted water authorities and researchers to develop tools for proper prediction and control of the dispersion of pollutants in the environment to ensure that appropriate measures are taken to prevent the occurrence of outbreaks due to sudden load of these pollutants in the water system. The chapters in this book cover a wide range of nano and bio-based techniques that have been designed for the real time detection of emerging contaminants in environmental water sources, geochemical models that are continuously improved for the prediction of inorganic contaminants migration from the mine solid wastes into ground and surface waters. Remediation strategies are also discussed and include effective techniques based on nanotechnology, advanced membrane filtration, oxidative and bio-degradation processes using various types of nanocatalysts, biocatalysts or supporting polymer matrices which are under advanced investigations for their implementation at large scale for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants from polluted water. Nano and Bio-Based Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: Prediction and Control Tools for the Dispersion of Pollutants in the Environment is divided is two sections. The first section covers the occurrence of emerging pollutants in environmental water while the second section covers state-of-the-art research on the removal of emerging pollutants from water using sustainable technologies. A total of 13 chapters addressing various topics related to the two sections are essentially based on recent developments in the respective field which could have a significant impact on the enhancement of the performance of wastewater treatment plants around the world, and especially in developing countries where access to clean and safe water remains a daily challenge.

Download or read book Solar Detoxification written by Julián Blanco Gálvez and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2003 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar detoxification, an innovative process of water treatment using solar technology, is ready for practical application after a decade of research and development. This is of great significance as 70 per cent of the world's population currently lives within the 'sun belt', where sustainable solar technologies are feasible--a proportion due to increase in the future. Divided into two parts, the first part addresses the theory and fundamentals of water decontamination using solar energy. This prepares .the reader for the second part of the book, which addresses practical applications and engineering processes. Although the book targets university students and post graduates it can also be read by any professional or technician as all subjects are treated in depth, with scientific rigor, but are also attractively presented with a profusion of pictures and graphics. No specific previous knowledge is necessary.

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aquananotechnology written by Kamel A Abd-Elsalam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquananotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials for Water Purification focuses on the impacts of, and opportunities for, the application of nanotechnology to enhance water quality and the societal concerns surrounding the widespread use of nanotechnology in the water arena. Sections cover the use of nano-sensors for the detection of water pollutants, the control of waterborne pathogens, and the use of nano-biochar coal fly composites for phytoremdtions wastewater pollutants. In addition, the book explores the uses of nanoadsorbents for heavy metals, dyes, Arsenic, pesticides, and water/wastewater remediation and decontamination of water from xenobiotics, bionanocomposites, metal oxides, silver, zinc nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials for wastewater treatment. In addition, the book covers the use of zerovalent iron nanomaterials and nanostructured mesoporous silica for water purification, along with nano-hydrogels to increase water efficiency and conservation. Finally, the socioeconomic impacts and risks of aquananotechnology in ecosystems are discussed. This book provides a detailed description of the ecological applications of nanomaterials in aquatic environments, offering a cogent analysis of both major applications and challenges. - Shows how a range of nanomaterial types are being used for ecological applications in aquatic environments - Explores the effects different types of nanomaterials have on a variety of ecosystems - Assesses the major challenges of using nanotechnology to improve water quality on a mass scale

Download or read book Environmental Soil Remediation and Rehabilitation written by Eric D. van Hullebusch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of innovative remediation techniques and strategies for soils contaminated by heavy metals or organic compounds (e.g. petroleum hydrocarbons, NAPLs and chlorinated organic compounds). It discusses various novel chemical remediation approaches (in-situ and ex-situ) used alone and in combination with physical and/or thermal treatment. Further, it addresses the recovery of NAPLs, reuse of leaching solutions, and in-situ chemical reduction and oxidation, and explores the chemical enhancement of physical NAPLs recovery from both practical and theoretical perspectives. Also presenting the state-of-the-art in waste-assisted bioremediation to improve soil quality and the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, the book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and R&D professionals in industry engaged in the treatment of contaminated soils.

Download or read book Physical and Chemical Processes in the Aquatic Environment written by Erik R. Christensen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-15 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is need in environmental research for a book on fresh waters including rivers and lakes. Compared with other books on the topic, this book has a unique outline in that it follows pollution from sources to impact. Included in the text is the treatment of various tracers, ranging from pathogens to stable isotopes of elements and providing a comprehensive discussion which is lacking in many other books on pollution control of natural waters. Geophysical processes are discussed emphasizing mixing of water, interaction between water and the atmosphere, and sedimentation processes. Important geochemistry processes occurring in natural waters are described as are the processes specific to nutrients, organic pollutants, metals, and pathogens in subsequent chapters. Each of these chapters includes an introduction on the selected groups, followed by the physicochemical properties which are the most relevant to their behavior in natural waters, and the theories and models to describe their speciation, transport and transformation. The book also includes the most up to date information including a discussion on emerging pollutants such as brominated and phosphate flame retardants, perflurochemicals, and pharmaceutical and personal care products. Due to its importance an ecotoxicology chapter has been included featuring molecular biological methods, nanoparticles, and comparison of the basis of biotic ligand model with the Weibull dose-response model. Finally, the last chapter briefly summarizes the regulations on ambient water quality.

Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 48 written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews advanced techniques for the determination of pesticide residues, with focus on extraction, detectors and cleaning protocols. Chapters also discuss pesticide occurrence, toxicity and remediation.

Download or read book Sediment Dredging at Superfund Megasites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-30 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some of the nation's estuaries, lakes and other water bodies contain contaminated sediments that can adversely affect fish and wildlife and may then find their way into people's diets. Dredging is one of the few options available for attempting to clean up contaminated sediments, but it can uncover and re-suspend buried contaminants, creating additional exposures for wildlife and people. At the request of Congress, EPA asked the National Research Council (NRC) to evaluate dredging as a cleanup technique. The book finds that, based on a review of available evidence, dredging's ability to decrease environmental and health risks is still an open question. Analysis of pre-dredging and post-dredging at about 20 sites found a wide range of outcomes in terms of surface sediment concentrations of contaminants: some sites showed increases, some no change, and some decreases in concentrations. Evaluating the potential long-term benefits of dredging will require that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency step up monitoring activities before, during and after individual cleanups to determine whether it is working there and what combinations of techniques are most effective.