Download or read book Degradation of Elastomers in Practice Experiments and Modeling written by Gert Heinrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-14 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes new insights into the main aspects of rubber degradation by material’s fatigue, wear and aging evolution, as well as their impact on mechanical rubber properties. It provides a thorough state-of-art explanation of the essential chemical, physical and mechanical principles as well as practices of material characterization for wear prediction, and to convey or define novel strategies and procedures of planning effective wear test programs. The initiating factors of abrasion, the development of surface abrasion on sharp and blunt tracks (so called cutting and chipping) and the influence of smear and lubricants is also summarized. The volume is of interest to research scientists in related fields from academia and industry.
Download or read book Constitutive Models for Rubber IX written by Bohdana Marvalova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unique properties of rubber make it ideal for use in a wide variety of engineering applications such as tyres, engine mounts, shock absorbers, flexible joints and seals. Developing diverse elastomeric elements for various structures involves numerical simulations of their performance, which are based on reliable constitutive models of the mater
Download or read book Degradation of Elastomers written by Joey Lou Mead and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Service Life Prediction of Polymers and Plastics Exposed to Outdoor Weathering written by Christopher White and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Service Life Prediction of Polymers and Plastics Exposed to Outdoor Weathering discusses plastics and polymers and their unique applications, from sealants used in construction, to polymer composites used in planes. While these materials are important enablers for advanced technologies, exposure to weather changes the very properties of plastics that make them so useful. This book reviews current research needs and provides a consensus roadmap of the scientific barriers to validated predictive models for the response of polymers and plastics to outdoor exposure. Despite extensive efforts over the past 20-30 years, testing of polymeric materials in accelerated or natural weathering conditions and the interpretation of the weathering results still require substantial improvements. This book represents the state-of-the-art in the prediction techniques available and in development. Engineers and materials scientists working in this field will be able to use the content of this book to assess the strengths and challenges of a range of different methods and approaches. Enables engineers and scientists in a range of industries to more successfully predict the durability of polymers, paints and coatings when exposed to weather Provides the latest information to help determine the sustainability of polymeric materials Reviews the current state-of-the-art in this area and identifies research needs that are followed by more detailed discussions of specific polymers and applications
Download or read book Advances in Polymer Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis Characterisation and Thermal Degradation Studies of Carborane Containing Siloxane Elastomers written by Alistair Apedaile and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation of model siloxane then subsequent m-carborane, 1,7- bis(dimethylmethoxysilyl)-m-carborane-carborane and 1,7-diallyl-m-carborane filled siloxane elastomer systems was undertaken. Thermal degradation studies showed little difference in the degradation profile of all carborane containing elastomers compared to the model system. The major degradation products of these materials are siloxane ring structures. Use of different cross-linkers also showed little difference in the thermal degradation properties of both materials. Investigation of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymerised by Lewis acid condensation catalysts to obtain a replacement catalyst for FeCl3 has been undertaken. Both FeCl3 and GaCl3 give rise to vulcanized material in which the catalyst is trapped in the matrix. AlCl3 and ZnCl2 give high molecular mass material determined by both GPC and NMR spectroscopy. Kinetic studies have been undertaken to determine the activation energy for the FeCl3 catalysed reaction. Carborane-siloxane network polymers have been produced using FeCl3 as the catalyst. These materials display unusually high thermal stability and have been shown to be crystalline in nature by DSC analysis. Thermal volatilisation studies show carborane dehydrogenates during thermal decomposition. Hydrosilylation has been employed to produce novel network carborane-siloxane materials. Samples have been produced where the molar ratio of carborane to PMDS has been varied from 1:1 to 6:1. Higher carborane containing materials have problems with volatile loss of unbound monomer. The materials have been studied using thermal volatilisation analysis and their degradation has changed remarkably from what was observed previously for carborane-siloxane elastomers. The majority of the degradation products observed are low molecular mass silanes. These form in part by the demethylation of the siloxane polymer promoted by platinum catalyst residues in the material The investigation of model siloxane then subsequent m-carborane, 1,7- bis(dimethylmethoxysilyl)-m-carborane-carborane and 1,7-diallyl-m-carborane filled siloxane elastomer systems was undertaken. Thermal degradation studies showed little difference in the degradation profile of all carborane containing elastomers compared to the model system. The major degradation products of these materials are siloxane ring structures. Use of different cross-linkers also showed little difference in the thermal degradation properties of both materials. Investigation of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymerised by Lewis acid condensation catalysts to obtain a replacement catalyst for FeCl3 has been undertaken. Both FeCl3 and GaCl3 give rise to vulcanized material in which the catalyst is trapped in the matrix. AlCl3 and ZnCl2 give high molecular mass material determined by both GPC and NMR spectroscopy. Kinetic studies have been undertaken to determine the activation energy for the FeCl3 catalysed reaction. Carborane-siloxane network polymers have been produced using FeCl3 as the catalyst. These materials display unusually high thermal stability and have been shown to be crystalline in nature by DSC analysis. Thermal volatilisation studies show carborane dehydrogenates during thermal decomposition. Hydrosilylation has been employed to produce novel network carborane-siloxane materials. Samples have been produced where the molar ratio of carborane to PMDS has been varied from 1:1 to 6:1. Higher carborane containing materials have problems with volatile loss of unbound monomer. The materials have been studied using thermal volatilisation analysis and their degradation has changed remarkably from what was observed previously for carborane-siloxane elastomers. The majority of the degradation products observed are low molecular mass silanes. These form in part by the demethylation of the siloxane polymer promoted by platinum catalyst residues in the material.
Download or read book Degradation and Protection of Elastomers written by Donald A. Lederer and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials written by Myer Kutz and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials, Third Edition, explains how to measure, analyze and control environmental degradation for a wide range of industrial materials, including metals, polymers, ceramics, concrete, wood and textiles exposed to environmental factors, such as weather, seawater, and fire. This updated edition divides the material into four new sections, Analysis and Testing, Types of Degradation, Protective Measures and Surface Engineering, then concluding with Case Studies. New chapters include topics on Hydrogen Permeation and Hydrogen Induced Cracking, Weathering of Plastics, the Environmental Degradation of Ceramics and Advanced Materials, Antimicrobial Layers, Coatings, and the Corrosion of Pipes in Drinking Water Systems. Expert contributors to this book provide a wealth of insider knowledge and engineering expertise that complements their explanations and advice. Case Studies from areas such as pipelines, tankers, packaging and chemical processing equipment ensure that the reader understands the practical measures that can be put in place to save money, lives and the environment. Introduces the reader to the effects of environmental degradation on a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, concrete, wood and textiles Describes the kind of degradation that effects each material and how best to protect it Includes case studies that show how organizations, from small consulting firms, to corporate giants design and manufacture products that are more resistant to environmental effects
Download or read book Polymer Synthesis Theory and Practice written by Dietrich Braun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasis is on a broad description of the general methods and processes for the synthesis, modification and characterization of macromolecules. These more fundamental chapters will be supplemented by selected and detailed experiments. In addition to the preparative aspects, the book also gives the reader an impression on the relation of chemical constitution and morphology of Polymers to their properties, as well as on their application areas. Thus, an additional textbook will not be needed in order to understand the experiments. The 5th edition contains numerous changes: In recent years, so-called functional polymers which have special electrical, electronic, optical and biological properties, have gained more and more in interest. This textbook was therefore supplemented by recipes which describe the synthesis of these materials in a new chapter "Functional polymers". Together with new experiments in chapter 3,4 and 5 the book now contains more than 120 recipes that describe a wide range of macromolecules. From the reviews of recent editions: "This is an excellent book for all polymer chemists engaged in synthesis research studies and education. It is educationally sound and has excellent laboratory synthetic examples. The fundamentals are well done for the teaching of students and references are resonably up-to-date. As in previous issues, there are sections dealing with an introduction; structure and nomenclature; methods and techniques for synthesis, characterization, processing and modification of polymers. ....The authors have noted the following changes from previous editions- a new section on correlations of structure, morphology and properties; revision and enlargement of other property and characterization procedures; additional new experiments such as controlled radical polymerization; enzymatic polymerizations; microelmulsions; and electrical conducting polymers. This is a high quality textbook at a reasonable price and should be considered as a suitable reference for all engaged in synthetic areas of polymer research." (Eli M. Pearce, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY, USA)
Download or read book The Variational Approach to Fracture written by Blaise Bourdin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-19 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting original results from both theoretical and numerical viewpoints, this text offers a detailed discussion of the variational approach to brittle fracture. This approach views crack growth as the result of a competition between bulk and surface energy, treating crack evolution from its initiation all the way to the failure of a sample. The authors model crack initiation, crack path, and crack extension for arbitrary geometries and loads.
Download or read book Fatigue Crack Growth in Rubber Materials written by Gert Heinrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes recent international research and experimental developments regarding fatigue crack growth investigations of rubber materials. It shows the progress in fundamental as well as advanced research of fracture investigation of rubber material under fatigue loading conditions, especially from the experimental point of view. However, some chapters will describe the progress in numerical modeling and physical description of fracture mechanics and cavitation phenomena in rubbers. Initiation and propagation of cracks in rubber materials are dominant phenomena which determine the lifetime of these soft rubber materials and, as a consequence, the lifetime of the corresponding final rubber parts in various fields of application. Recently, these phenomena became of great scientific interest due to the development of new experimental methods, concepts and models. Furthermore, crack phenomena have an extraordinary impact on rubber wear and abrasion of automotive tires; and understanding of crack initiation and growth in rubbers will help to support the growthing number of activities and worldwide efforts of reduction of tire wear losses and abrasion based emissions.
Download or read book Liquid Crystal Elastomers written by Mark Warner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a primer for liquid crystals, polymers, rubber and elasticity. It is directed at physicists, chemists, material scientists, engineers and applied mathematicians at the graduate student level and beyond.
Download or read book Russian Chemical Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Download or read book Industrial Applications of Poly lactic acid written by Maria Laura Di Lorenzo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students.
Download or read book Science and Technology of Rubber written by James E. Mark and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science and Technology of Rubber, Third Edition provides a broad survey of elastomers with special emphasis on materials with a rubber-like elasticity. As in the 2nd edition, the emphasis remains on a unified treatment of the material; exploring topics from the chemical aspects such as elastomer synthesis and curing, through recent theoretical developments and characterization of equilibrium and dynamic properties, to the final applications of rubber, including tire engineering and manufacturing. Many advances have been made in polymer and elastomers research over the past ten years since the 2nd edition was published. Updated material stresses the continuous relationship between the ongoing research in synthesis, physics, structure and mechanics of rubber technology and industrial applications. Special attention is paid to recent advances in rubber-like elasticity theory and new processing techniques for elastomers. This new edition is comprised of 20% new material, including a new chapter on environmental issues and tire recycling.
Download or read book Natural Rubber Science and Technology written by A. D. Roberts and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1988 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary of the current position in the study of rubber, its fundamental properties and the uses to which it is put, from everyday to extraordinary applications, with pointers to the future.