Download or read book Defects and Defect Clusters in B c c Metals and Their Alloys written by R. J. Arsenault and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book SCR written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Solid State NMR written by Jerry C. C. Chan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dipolar Recoupling, by Niels Chr. Nielsen, Lasse A. Strassø and Anders B. Nielsen.- Solid-State NMR Techniques for the Structural Determination of Amyloid Fibrils, by Jerry C. C. Chan.- Solid-State 19F-NMR of Peptides in Native Membranes, by Katja Koch, Sergii Afonin, Marco Ieronimo, Marina Berditsch and Anne S. Ulrich.- Probing Quadrupolar Nuclei by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Recent Advances, by Christian Fernandez and Marek Pruski.- Solid State NMR of Porous Materials Zeolites and Related Materials, by Hubert Koller and Mark Weiß.- Solid-State NMR of Inorganic Semiconductors, by James P. Yesinowski.-

Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Information Technology Research and Application 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 5246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Information Technology Research and Application / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Information Technology. The editors have built Advances in Information Technology Research and Application / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Information Technology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Information Technology Research and Application / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Probabilistic Mechanics of Quasibrittle Structures written by Zdenek P. Bazant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quasibrittle (or brittle heterogeneous) materials are becoming increasingly important for modern engineering. They include concretes, rocks, fiber composites, tough ceramics, sea ice, bone, wood, stiff soils, rigid foams, glass, dental and biomaterials, as well as all brittle materials on the micro or nano scale. Their salient feature is that the fracture process zone size is non-negligible compared to the structural dimensions. This causes intricate energetic and statistical size effects and leads to size-dependent probability distribution of strength, transitional between Gaussian and Weibullian. The ensuing difficult challenges for safe design are vanquished in this book, which features a rigorous theory with detailed derivations yet no superfluous mathematical sophistication; extensive experimental verifications; and realistic approximations for design. A wide range of subjects is covered, including probabilistic fracture kinetics at nanoscale, multiscale transition, statistics of structural strength and lifetime, size effect, reliability indices, safety factors, and ramification to gate dielectrics breakdown.

Download or read book Silicon Chemical Etching written by J. Grabmaier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first contribution to this volume we read that the world-wide production of single crystal silicon amounts to some 2000 metric tons per year. Given the size of present-day silicon-crystals, this number is equivalent to 100000 silicon-crystals grown every year by either the Czochralski (80%) or the floating-zone (20%) technique. But, to the best of my knowledge, no coherent and comprehensive article has been written that deals with "the art and science", as well as the practical and technical aspects of growing silicon crystals by the Czochralski technique. The same could be said about the floating-zone technique were it not for the review article by W. Dietze, W. Keller and A. Miihlbauer which was published in the preceding Volume 5 ("Silicon") of this series (and for a monograph by two of the above authors published about the same time). As editor of this volume I am very glad to have succeeded in persuading two scien tists, W. Zulehner and D. Huber, of Wacker-Chemitronic GmbH - the world's largest producer of silicon-crystals - to write a comprehensive article about the practical and scientific aspects of growing silicon-crystals by the Czochralski method and about silicon wafer manufacture. I am sure that many scientists or engineers who work with silicon crystals -be it in the laboratory or in a production environment - will profit from the first article in this volume.

Download or read book Semiconductor Radiation Detectors written by Gerhard Lutz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from basic principles, this book describes the rapidly growing field of modern semiconductor detectors used for energy and position measurement radiation. The author, whose own contributions to these developments have been significant, explains the working principles of semiconductor radiation detectors in an intuitive way. Broad coverage is also given to electronic signal readout and to the subject of radiation damage.

Download or read book Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects written by Adrian P. Sutton and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-21 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Properties of crystalline materials are almost always governed by the defects within them. The ability to shape metals and alloys into girders, furniture, automobiles and medical prostheses stems from the generation, motion and interaction of these defects. Crystal defects are also the agents of chemical changes within crystals, enabling mass transport by diffusion and changes of phase. The distortion of the crystal created by a defect enables it to interact with other defects over distances much greater than the atomic scale. The theory of elasticity is used to describe these interactions. Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects, 2nd Edition is an introduction to the theory of elasticity and its application to point defects, dislocations, grain boundaries, inclusions, and cracks. A unique feature of the book is the treatment of the relationship between the atomic structures of defects and their elastic fields. Another unique feature is the last chapter which describes five technologically important areas requiring further fundamental research, with suggestions for possible PhD projects. There are exercises for the student to check their understanding as they work through each chapter with detailed solutions. There are problems set at the end of each chapter, also with detailed solutions. In this second edition the treatment of the Eshelby inclusion has been expanded into a chapter of its own, with complete self-contained derivations of the elastic fields inside and outside the inclusion. This is a textbook for postgraduate students in physics, engineering and materials science. Even students and professionals with some knowledge of elasticity and defects will almost certainly find much that is new to them in this book.

Download or read book Ceramic Materials written by C. Barry Carter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-04 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering is an up-to-date treatment of ceramic science, engineering, and applications in a single, integrated text. Building on a foundation of crystal structures, phase equilibria, defects and the mechanical properties of ceramic materials, students are shown how these materials are processed for a broad diversity of applications in today's society. Concepts such as how and why ions move, how ceramics interact with light and magnetic fields, and how they respond to temperature changes are discussed in the context of their applications. References to the art and history of ceramics are included throughout the text. The text concludes with discussions of ceramics in biology and medicine, ceramics as gemstones and the role of ceramics in the interplay between industry and the environment. Extensively illustrated, the text also includes questions for the student and recommendations for additional reading. KEY FEATURES: Combines the treatment of bioceramics, furnaces, glass, optics, pores, gemstones, and point defects in a single text Provides abundant examples and illustrations relating theory to practical applications Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate teaching and as a reference for researchers in materials science Written by established and successful teachers and authors with experience in both research and industry

Download or read book Irradiation Effects on the Microstructure on Properties of Metals written by ASTM International Symposium on Effects of Radiation on Structural Materials and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1976 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Materials Issues for Generation IV Systems written by Véronique Ghetta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-23 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming, shortage of low-cost oil resources and the increasing demand for energy are currently controlling the world's economic expansion while often opposing desires for sustainable and peaceful development. In this context, atomic energy satisfactorily fulfills the criteria of low carbon gas production and high overall yield. However, in the absence of industrial fast-breeders the use of nuclear fuel is not optimal, and the production of high activity waste materials is at a maximum. These are the principal reasons for the development of a new, fourth generation of nuclear reactors, minimizing the undesirable side-effects of current nuclear energy production technology while increasing yields by increasing operation temperatures and opening the way for the industrial production of hydrogen through the decomposition of water. The construction and use of such reactors is hindered by several factors, including performance limitations of known structural materials, particularly if the life of the projected systems had to extend over the periods necessary to achieve low costs (at least 60 years). This book collects lectures and seminars presented at the homonymous NATO ASI held in autumn 2007 at the Institut d’Etudes Scientifiques in Cargèse, France. The adopted approach aims at improving and coordinating basic knowledge in materials science and engineering with specific areas of condensed matter physics, the physics of particle/matter interaction and of radiation damage. It is our belief that this methodology is crucially conditioning the development and the industrial production of new structural materials capable of coping with the requirements of these future reactors.

Download or read book Defects in Semiconductors ICDS 19 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Defect Levels in Neutron irradiated GaAs Schottky Diodes and Laser Diode Degradation written by Jacques E. Ludman and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GaAs Schottky and laser diodes are irradiated with high energy neutrons and the resultant trap and defect structure analyzed. The Schottky diodes are irradiated with a clean high-energy neutron beam from a Van de Graaff accelerator, and the laser irradiation is done in a nuclear reactor. The defect structure is shown to consist of energetically discrete trap levels, but the levels are found not to operate independently. A new defect model is proposed based on coupled defect levels and is shown to be in good agreement with the observations. On the basis of this model, values for the discrete trap levels are determined. Experimentally, Schottky diodes are cooled to temperatures in the region 78K, to 178K, the back bias is turned off and on again, and the capacitance versus time (capacitance decay) is monitored. These measurements are used to derive the activation energies of the trap levels. Trap levels are found at 175, 220, 325, 380 and 460 mV below the conduction band. Several general numerical techniques are developed for the purpose of fitting experimental data to both the independent-level and coupled-level decay models. (Author).

Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by GARY S. WAS and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this established text offers readers a significantly expanded introduction to the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. It describes the various processes that occur when energetic particles strike a solid, inducing changes to the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Specifically it covers particle interaction with the metals and alloys used in nuclear reactor cores and hence subject to intense radiation fields. It describes the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys. Updated throughout, some major enhancements for the new edition include improved treatment of low- and intermediate-energy elastic collisions and stopping power, expanded sections on molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte Carlo methodologies describing collision cascade evolution, new treatment of the multi-frequency model of diffusion, numerous examples of RIS in austenitic and ferritic-martensitic alloys, expanded treatment of in-cascade defect clustering, cluster evolution, and cluster mobility, new discussion of void behavior near grain boundaries, a new section on ion beam assisted deposition, and reorganization of hardening, creep and fracture of irradiated materials (Chaps 12-14) to provide a smoother and more integrated transition between the topics. The book also contains two new chapters. Chapter 15 focuses on the fundamentals of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, covering forms of corrosion, corrosion thermodynamics, corrosion kinetics, polarization theory, passivity, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Chapter 16 extends this treatment and considers the effects of irradiation on corrosion and environmentally assisted corrosion, including the effects of irradiation on water chemistry and the mechanisms of irradiation-induced stress corrosion cracking. The book maintains the previous style, concepts are developed systematically and quantitatively, supported by worked examples, references for further reading and end-of-chapter problem sets. Aimed primarily at students of materials sciences and nuclear engineering, the book will also provide a valuable resource for academic and industrial research professionals. Reviews of the first edition: "...nomenclature, problems and separate bibliography at the end of each chapter allow to the reader to reach a straightforward understanding of the subject, part by part. ... this book is very pleasant to read, well documented and can be seen as a very good introduction to the effects of irradiation on matter, or as a good references compilation for experimented readers." - Pauly Nicolas, Physicalia Magazine, Vol. 30 (1), 2008 “The text provides enough fundamental material to explain the science and theory behind radiation effects in solids, but is also written at a high enough level to be useful for professional scientists. Its organization suits a graduate level materials or nuclear science course... the text was written by a noted expert and active researcher in the field of radiation effects in metals, the selection and organization of the material is excellent... may well become a necessary reference for graduate students and researchers in radiation materials science.” - L.M. Dougherty, 07/11/2008, JOM, the Member Journal of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.

Download or read book Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X Ray Methods written by B.K. Tanner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled "Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X-ray Methods' held in the University of Durham, England from 29th August to 10th September 1979. The current interest in electronic materials, in particular silicon, gallium aluminium arsenide, and quartz, and the recent availability of synchrotron radiation for X-ray diffraction studies made this Advanced Study Institute particularly timely. Two main themes ran through the course: 1. A survey of the various types of defect occurring in crystal growth, the mechanism of their different methods of generation and their influence on the properties of relativelY perfect crystals. 2. A detailed and advanced course on the observation and characterization of such defects by X-ray methods. The main emphasis was on X-ray topographic techniques but a substantial amount of time was spent on goniometric techniques such as double crystal diffractometry and gamma ray diffraction. The presentation of material in this book reflects these twin themes. Section A is concerned with defects, Section C with techniques and in linking them. Section B provides a concise account of the basic theory necessary for the interpretation of X-ray topographs and diffractometric data. Although the sequence follows roughly the order of presentation at the Advanced Study Institute certain major changes have been made in order to improve the pedagogy. In particular, the first two chapters provide a vital, and seldom articulated, case for the need for characterization for crystals used in device technologies.

Download or read book Advanced Concepts in Photovoltaics written by Arthur J. Nozik and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic systems enable the sun’s energy to be converted directly into electricity using semiconductor solar cells. The ultimate goal of photovoltaic research and development is to reduce the cost of solar power to reach or even become lower than the cost of electricity generated from fossil and nuclear fuels. The power conversion efficiency and the cost per unit area of the phototvoltaic system are critical factors that determine the cost of photovoltaic electricity. Until recently, the power conversion efficiency of single-junction photovoltaic cells has been limited to approximately 33% - the so-called Shockley-Queisser limit. This book presents the latest developments in photovoltaics which seek to either reach or surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit, and to lower the cell cost per unit area. Progress toward this ultimate goal is presented for the three generations of photovoltaic cells: the 1st generation based on crystalline silicon semiconductors; the 2nd generation based on thin film silicon, compound semiconductors, amorphous silicon, and various mesoscopic structures; and the 3rd generation based on the unique properties of nanoscale materials, new inorganic and organic photoconversion materials, highly efficient multi-junction cells with low cost solar concentration, and novel photovoltaic processes. The extent to which photovoltaic materials and processes can meet the expectations of efficient and cost effective solar energy conversion to electricity is discussed. Written by an international team of expert contributors, and with researchers in academia, national research laboratories, and industry in mind, this book is a comprehensive guide to recent progress in photovoltaics and essential for any library or laboratory in the field.