Download or read book Decontamination Techniques for Buildings Structures and Equipment written by and published by Noyes Publications. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes extensive studies on decontamination techniques for buildings, structures and equipment for hazardous materials sites.
Download or read book Guide for Decontaminating Buildings Structures and Equipment at Superfund Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide for Decontaminating Buildings Structures and Equipment at Superfund Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide for Decontaminating Buildings Structures and Equipment at Superfund Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Decontamination of Buildings Used for Processing Alpha Emitters written by Paul B. Klevin and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Decontamination of Explosive Contaminated Structures and Equipment written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of past operations, the U.S. Amy has numerous buildings and large quantities of process equipment that are contaminated with explosives. Recent changes in laws also require all detonation scrap to be free of explosive residue prior to recycle. Before these materials can be recycled or disposed of, the residual explosives must be removed. Removal of residual explosives is necessary to avoid creating safety and environmental hazards. If the process equipment is to be land filled, residual explosives may migrate into the soil and ultimately contaminate groundwater. Building structures that have been used for explosives manufacture are usually slated for demolition and disposal of the rubble. Demolition of a building that has residual explosives can be dangerous. Disposal of contaminated rubble may contribute to soil and groundwater contamination. Probably the two most common methods in present use for decontamination are steam cleaning and decontamination by fire (burn it to the ground). Steam cleaning is in most cases effective but provides only surface decontamination and is not effective on hard to access areas. It is difficult to completely decontaminate concrete with steam. Steam cleaning of complex items such as motors cannot assure that interior areas are cleaned. Burning of structures contaminated with explosives is no longer an environmentally acceptable method of decontamination. In 1982, USATHAMA began a project aimed at developing new, improved procedures for decontaminating structures and equipment contaminated with explosives. The goal of this on-going project is to develop a method which will be safe, produce little or no waste, and will assure a high degree of decontamination. The process would have to be effective at removing contaminants from metal, wood, painted concrete, and bare concrete. The first phase of this project is a review of existing techniques and the consideration of novel techniques.
Download or read book Guidelines for Decontaminating Buildings Structures and Equipment at Superfund Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies of Decontamination Effectiveness written by Joseph T. Ryan and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines, by theory and by analysis of real structures, the reductions in intensity inside and outside NFSS buildings that can be brought about by decontaminating the accessible surfaces on and around the buildings. Specifically the report presents the theory and applies the theory to nine different NFSS buildings in order to: Determine the intensity reductions that can be achieved by decontamination methods applied to practical situations involving real physical structures. Determine the intensity reductions that can be achieved when the detector is located inside a structure and when the detector is located outside the structure. Determine the decontamination costs (equipment, water expended, radiation dose received by the decontamination crews) in achieving the intensity reductions. Determine the sensitivity of the achieved intensity reduction to the cleaning efficiency of the decontamination operation (and, therefore, to the type of decontamination method). Determine the relative importance of the various surfaces (roofs, paved roads, parking lots, etc.) that can be decontaminated to the intensity reduction that can be achieved. - p.ii.
Download or read book Development of Novel Decontamination Techniques for Explosive Contaminated Facilities written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the United States Army Toxic and Hazardous Materials Agency's mandates is to restore contaminated Army facilities which have been used for manufacturing, loading, packing and storing explosives so that these facilities can be removed or reclaimed for alternate use. Explosive contaminants of concern include TNT, 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, HMX, RDX, Tetryl and other explosives manufactured and used by the Army. Facilities to be addressed include the building production equipment, above and underground storage tanks, wastewater/ sludge sumps ventilation ducts, conduits and related explosive/munition production. The decontamination involves the removal of explosives from exposed surfaces of the materials as well as explosives that have penetrated porous media, cracks, and expansion joints. Site inspections have been performed and the contaminated structures include a wide range of concrete and wood frame structures.
Download or read book Skin Decontamination written by Hanjiang Zhu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The skin is the first line of defense against chemical warfare agents including nerve agents and toxic industrial chemicals, providing a possible barrier or delay to systemic distribution. However, some chemicals act directly on the skin including vesicants sulfur mustard and corrosive compounds such as strong acids or bases, and do not have to gain access to systemic circulation to cause extensive skin damage. Early and rapid skin decontamination is extremely important following exposure to chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals because it decreases serious skin damage to the patient and, potentially, their doctor. This multi-authored international text pulls together a century of decontamination research and helps the reader expedite solutions that will decrease morbidity and mortality. Complete with dozens of hiqh quality photographs and illustrations, Skin Decontamination aids industrial hygiene, dermatology, occupational physicians and those involved in the public health arena.
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Decontamination in Healthcare written by Gerald E. McDonnell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-23 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevention is the first line of defence in the fight against infection. As antibiotics and other antimicrobials encounter increasing reports of microbial resistance, the field of decontamination science is undergoing a major revival. A Practical Guide to Decontamination in Healthcare is a comprehensive training manual, providing practical guidance on all aspects of decontamination including: microbiology and infection control; regulations and standards; containment, transportation, handling, cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of patient used devices; surgical instrumentation; endoscopes; and quality management systems. Written by highly experienced professionals, A Practical Guide to Decontaminationin Healthcare comprises a systematic review of decontamination methods, with uses and advantages outlined for each. Up-to-date regulations, standards and guidelines are incorporated throughout, to better equip healthcare professionals with the information they need to meet the technical and operational challenges of medical decontamination. A Practical Guide to Decontaminationin Healthcare is an important new volume on state-of-the-art decontamination processes and a key reference source for all healthcare professionals working in infectious diseases, infection control/prevention and decontamination services.
Download or read book Chemical and Biological Terrorism written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-12 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers.
Download or read book Reopening Public Facilities After a Biological Attack written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-08-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax attacks in fall 2001 spurred an extensive and costly decontamination effort where many decisions had to be made about which sites required cleanup, what method to use, how to determine the effectiveness of the cleanup, and how "clean" the building had to be for reoccupation. As part of a project funded by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and managed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Research Council was asked to consider the criteria that must be met for a cleanup to be declared successful, allowing the reoccupation of a facility. The report finds that efficiently sampling and characterizing a pathogen is critical for choosing the best remediation strategy. However, there should be no universal standard for deciding when a building is safe to re-enter because varying pathogen amounts and characteristics could require different strategies. The report offers a flowchart for decision-makers that includes questions about the characteristics of the pathogen; how far it has spread; whether it is transmissible between humans; and how long it will survive to pose a threat. The report also recommends that a risk-assessment approach be adopted as part of a strategy for achieving a "socially acceptable" standard for cleanup.
Download or read book Remedial Action Treatment and Disposal of Hazardous Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Decontamination of Chemical Agent Contaminated Structures and Equipment written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operations involving chemical agents such as manufacture, loading, storage, and demilitarization have resulted in the contamination of buildings and a wide variety of processing equipment. The contamination has been caused by a number of chemical agents with the most persistent being mustard agents. Materials that are contaminated include concrete (in floors and walls), metals (in piping and process equipment), and wood. All of these materials exist in both painted and unpainted forms. Many of the contaminated facilities have potential reuses or monetary value as excess property if they can be properly decontaminated. Much of the contaminated process equipment also has monetary value as scrap material if properly decontaminated. Currently this value cannot be realized since the only acceptable decontamination method involves destruction and incineration of the contaminated material. Past efforts at resolving this situation have identified some 56 concepts that could be utilized, with 5 having been evaluated under laboratory conditions. These concepts include thermal, abrasive, chemical, and extractive removal schemes. Each of these technologies was evaluated based on destruction efficiency, mass transfer, safety, damage to existing materials, penetration depth, applicability to complex surfaces, cost, and waste management. Based on these comparisons, hot gas technology was identified as the most suitable methodology. Currently, a full-scale demonstration is in the design phase for implementation at Rocky Mountain Arsenal. The chosen site was originally contaminated with mustard and mustard degradation by-products from past demilitarization activities. The building contains concrete approximately 18 inches thick, large metal storage tanks, process piping, motors, and pumps.
Download or read book Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare written by James T. Walker and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decontamination in Hospitals and Healthcare, Second Edition, enables users to obtain detailed knowledge of decontamination practices in healthcare settings, including surfaces, devices, clothing and people, with a specific focus on hospitals and dental clinics. - Offers in-depth coverage of all aspects of decontamination in healthcare - Examines the decontamination of surgical equipment and endoscopes - Expanded to include new information on behavioral principles in decontamination, control of microbiological problems, waterborne microorganisms, pseudomonas and the decontamination of laundry
Download or read book Handbook of Radioactive Contamination and Decontamination written by J. Severa and published by Newnes. This book was released on 1991-12-04 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to present a comprehensive picture, first of the fundamentals of general contamination of solid surfaces and water, and in the second part, to review the main practical procedures and means of applied decontamination used in the fields of activity. The most emphasis on radioactive contamination deals with decontamination of the operational facilities in nuclear power plants. Other special decontamination branches of current interest are also dealt with briefly.The art of decontamination is being enriched by the progress achieved in relevant scientific disciplines and employs these relative advances. The current volume discusses in detail the following trends in decontamination: Firstly, the development and use of new decontamination methods that are highly efficient, non-agressive to decontaminated materials, and economically feasible; secondly, the utilization of progressive elements of automation and robotics; thirdly, the development and use of such decontamination formulations that would minimize the volume of wastes and would produce wastes in a form in which they could be either easily further treated or safely disposed of without risk to human health or the environment; finally, the choice of suitable materials used both for the structural and the technological parts of nuclear installations with regard to their minimal contaminability and ease of decontamination.
