Download or read book Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia written by Charles River Editors and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-05-10 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading On New Year's Day 1993, Czechoslovakia broke into two separate countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Thus ended one of the creations brought about by the Treaty of Versailles after World War I, and as a country that had existed for just under 75 years, Czechoslovakia spent most of its time under the tyranny of fascism or communism. Of course, the country's origins go back far longer than the 1910s, and they were complex and convoluted. The very geography of central Europe meant this territory had been conquered and occupied many times over the course of history, and for much of the modern era, the area belonged to much larger empires, including the Holy Roman Empire, the Austrian Habsburg Empire, and finally the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Nevertheless, two distinct ethnicities had come to make up the bulk of the territory's inhabitants: the Czechs, predominantly in the areas of Bohemia and Moravia, and the Slovaks, in Slovakia. Both peoples had their own Slavic-based languages, but the languages were similar enough to be mutually intelligible. Czechoslovakia's split was mostly peaceful, which stands in stark contrast to that of Yugoslavia, arguably one of the most unusual geopolitical creations of the 20th century. The Yugoslav state had never existed in any historical sense, and the ties that bound together its constituent peoples were tenuous at best. Although nominally all "Slavs," the country was an amalgamation of languages, alphabets, cultures, religions and traditions, which ensured its short existence was littered with splits, conflicts, and shocking violence. In a sense, it's somewhat surprising that it lasted as long as it did. In the wake of World War I, as the political boundaries of Europe and the Middle East were redrawn, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, initially known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, came into existence with a monarch as its head of state. Confirmed at the 1919 Versailles Conference, the "first" Yugoslavia was a particularly fragile enterprise, and there was almost constant tension between the majority Serbs and the other Yugoslav nationalities, especially the Croats. As a result, the Kingdom was a land of political assassinations, underground terrorist organizations, and ethnic animosities. In 1929, King Alexander I suspended democracy and ruled as a dictator until he himself was assassinated in 1934. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was particularly vulnerable to the forces that engulfed the rest of Europe at the end of the 1930s, including fascism and communism. When the Axis forces attacked in 1941, the country quickly capitulated and was dismembered by the Nazis and their allies. A separate Croatian state was formed, led by Ante Pavelic, who committed some of the worst crimes and human rights abuses of the war. The Balkan region was virtually emptied of its Jewish population, victims of the Nazi Holocaust. During his reign, Tito managed to quash the intense national feelings of the diverse groups making up the Yugoslavian population, and he did so through several methods. He managed to successfully play the two superpower rivals, the United States and Soviet Union, off against each other during the Cold War, and in doing so, he maintained a considerable amount of independence from both, even as he additionally received foreign aid to keep his regime afloat. All the while he remained defiant, once penning a legendary letter to Joseph Stalin warning the Soviet dictator, "To Joseph Stalin: Stop sending people to kill me! We've already captured five of them, one of them with a bomb and another with a rifle... If you don't stop sending killers, I'll send a very fast working one to Moscow and I certainly won't have to send another."
Download or read book Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia written by Andrew C. Janos and published by University of California International &. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Breaking Down Bipolarity written by Martin Previšić and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed at presenting fresh views, interpretations, and reinterpretations of some already researched issues relating to the Yugoslav foreign policy and international relations up to year 1991. Yugoslavia positioned itself as a communist state that was not under the heel of the Soviet diplomacy and policy and as such was perceived by the West as an acceptable partner and useful tool in counteracting the Soviet influence.
Download or read book Ethnicity Regime Transition and Violence written by Bojan M. Petrovic and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report of the Parliamentary Delegation to Yugoslavia Czechoslovakia and Hungary written by Australia. Parliament. Delegation to Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Hungary, 1989 and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book History of Czech Republic Yugoslavia written by History Forever and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2022-06-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ★ Do you want to discover the History of Czech Republic & Yugoslavia? ★ If your answer is yes, get this book now! This book focuses on the history of Czechia, formerly known as Bohemia, Czechoslovaka and Czech the Republic Czech as well the breakup of Yugoslavia. First you will learn about the History of Bohemia, including who were the founders and the rulers of the country up until the 20th Century. Next, you will discover how Czechoslovakia has been formed as well as the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia and finally the Breakup of Czechoslovakia. Here you will specifically learn about the Velvet Revolution, and the relationship between Romania & Czechoslovakia in 1968. After that, you will discover the real reason behind the Breakup of Yugoslavia and it's been divided into individual countries. If you are ready to take on this journey, let's first cover the History of Bohemia. ★ BUY THIS BOOK NOW AND DISCOVER MORE ABUOT Czech Republic & Yugoslavia TODAY! ★ In this book you will discover; History of Bohemia Forming Czechoslovakia The Soviet Invasion Of Czechoslovakia The Breakup of Czechoslovakia The Velvet Revolution Romania & Czechoslovakia in 1968 The Breakup of Yugoslavia Surprising Facts Of Czech Republic ★ BUY THIS BOOK NOW AND DISCOVER MORE ABUOT Czech Republic & Yugoslavia TODAY! ★
Download or read book The Unity and Division of Three European Countries written by William Sotirovich and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-04-02 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "UNITY and DIVISION" is written to celebrate one hundred years of history (1918-2018) in World Affairs and the activities of three European countries during that Century. Part ONE - UNITY starts from the period following the end of World War I. In 1918 Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia encouraged by the USA entered into a globally unifying treaty known as "The Little Entente" which was to last until 1938. In Part Two - DIVISION, these three countries underwent catastrophic changes when attacked by Germany and Italy in World War II. After a determined fight to regain their freedom and liberty, Nazism and Fascism were destroyed. However the Globally unifying balance of power previously present in the era of The Little Entente was broken up due to the control over them by the Soviet Union. The three original countries broke into nine separate Nation States. The Century experienced Multi-polar, Bi-Polar and with the entrance of China into the world arena Tri-Polar Balances of Power.
Download or read book The Czech and Slovak Republics written by M. Mark Stolarik and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in the book compare the Czech Republic and Slovakia since the breakup of Czechoslovakia in 1993. The papers deal with the causes of the divorce and discuss the political, economic and social developments in the new countries. This is the only English-language volume that presents the synoptic findings of leading Czech, Slovak, and North American scholars in the field.The authors include two former Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, eight leading scholars (four Czechs and four Slovaks), and eight knowledgeable commentators from North America. The most significant new insight is that in spite of predictions by various pundits in the Western World that Czechia would flourish after the breakup and Slovakia would languish, the opposite has happened. While the Czech Republic did well in its early years, it is now languishing while Slovakia, which had a rough start, is now doing very well. Anyone interested in the history of the Czech and Slovak Republics over the last twenty years will find gratification in reading this book.
Download or read book Yugoslavia 1969 written by Dennison I. Rusinow and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Czechoslovakia Austria Hungary Yugoslavia Bulgaria Rumania Italy Greece Turkey written by Frank George Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of Yugoslavia written by Marie-Janine Calic and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did Yugoslavia fall apart? Was its violent demise inevitable? Did its population simply fall victim to the lure of nationalism? How did this multinational state survive for so long, and where do we situate the short life of Yugoslavia in the long history of Europe in the twentieth century? A History of Yugoslavia provides a concise, accessible, comprehensive synthesis of the political, cultural, social, and economic life of Yugoslavia—from its nineteenth-century South Slavic origins to the bloody demise of the multinational state of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Calic takes a fresh and innovative look at the colorful, multifaceted, and complex history of Yugoslavia, emphasizing major social, economic, and intellectual changes from the turn of the twentieth century and the transition to modern industrialized mass society. She traces the origins of ethnic, religious, and cultural divisions, applying the latest social science approaches, and drawing on the breadth of recent state-of-the-art literature, to present a balanced interpretation of events that takes into account the differing perceptions and interests of the actors involved. Uniquely, Calic frames the history of Yugoslavia for readers as an essentially open-ended process, undertaken from a variety of different regional perspectives with varied composite agenda. She shuns traditional, deterministic explanations that notorious Balkan hatreds or any other kind of exceptionalism are to blame for Yugoslavia’s demise, and along the way she highlights the agency of twentieth-century modern mass society in the politicization of differences. While analyzing nuanced political and social-economic processes, Calic describes the experiences and emotions of ordinary people in a vivid way. As a result, her groundbreaking work provides scholars and learned readers alike with an accessible, trenchant, and authoritative introduction to Yugoslavia's complex history.
Download or read book Exile in London written by Vít Smetana and published by Charles University in Prague, Karolinum Press. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During World War II, London experienced not just the Blitz and the arrival of continental refugees, but also an influx of displaced foreign governments. Drawing together renowned historians from nine countries—the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Poland, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia—this book explores life in exile as experienced by the governments of Czechoslovakia and other occupied nations who found refuge in the British capital. Through new archival research and fresh historical interpretations, chapters delve into common characteristics and differences in the origin and structure of the individual governments-in-exile in an attempt to explain how they dealt with pressing social and economic problems at home while abroad; how they were able to influence crucial allied diplomatic negotiations; the relative importance of armies, strategic commodities, and equipment that particular governments-in-exile were able to offer to the Allied war effort; important wartime propaganda; and early preparations for addressing postwar minority issues.
Download or read book The Birth and Death of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia written by Srđan Jovanović Maldoran and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A third of my adult life I have lived in what used to be known as the capital of Yugoslavia, Belgrade. The second third I have spent in what was known as Czechoslovakia, in the Moravian city of Olomouc. Yet both countries came into existence and ceased to exist within the 20th century. Many would say that similarities were aplenty. Both countries were formed in the immediate aftermath of the Great War (though Yugoslavia was initially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes), both suffered immensely during World War II, both endured almost half a century of Communist rule, both expired by the end of the century. However, the differences were far greater than the similarities, especially when it comes to the breakup of the two states, as ‘the process of that breakup was vastly different in the two states: it was virtually painless in Czechoslovakia, while it is excruciatingly painful in Yugoslavia’ (Bookman 1994, 175). Much has been written on the two topics, with the death of Yugoslavia probably receiving the most attention, due to the sheer brutality of the bloody breakup during the 1990s, yet a comparative research – to my knowledge – has seen scant attention, with a few notable exceptions (Bookman 1994, Bunce 1999).
Download or read book Irreconcilable Differences written by Michael Kraus and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2000 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume brings together a multi-disciplinary group of scholars as well as Czech and Slovak decisionmakers who were personally involved in the events leading up to the separation of Czechoslovakia.
Download or read book State Collapse in South Eastern Europe written by Lenard J. Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary approach exploring the historical antecedents and the dynamic process of Yugoslavia's violent dissolution. This volume examines issues broadening our understanding of the Yugoslav case, and also sheds light on how to deal with state fragility and failure.
Download or read book Serbian Nationalism and the Origins of the Yugoslav Crisis written by Vesna Pešić and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Political Exile of Poland Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia written by Alfred Pachner and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
