Download or read book Cyanobacterial Bloom Dynamics in the Columbia River Basin written by Vanessa Jane Rose and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Together, eukaryotic algae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria comprise a taxonomically broad group known as phytoplankton that are vital energy producers in aquatic food webs. Cyanobacteria and some algae have the potential to form harmful blooms due to high biomass or production of toxins. Phytoplankton bloom magnitude, timing, and species composition are difficult to predict across freshwater systems because such dynamics are influenced by interacting abiotic and biotic factors, and are further altered by anthropogenic stressors such as climate change and eutrophication. The intent of this research was to explore phytoplankton, and specifically cyanobacterial, bloom dynamics across freshwater systems of the Columbia River (CR) basin, with a focus on growth and assemblage changes in response to biotic and abiotic factors. Key findings included:1.Regionally, chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, modeled dissolved inorganic phosphorus yield, and the land use classes 'developed open space' and 'low intensity' were positively related to cyanobacterial blooms, while water clarity, 'evergreen forest' and 'barren land' were negatively related to blooms. These factors may be useful in predictive modeling and in screening for systems at-risk of developing future blooms.2.Spill of water over run-of-river dams likely has minimal to no effect on the abundance of phytoplankton and microzooplankton above vs. below such dams in the lower CR. 3.Examination of a 14-year dataset from the lower CR revealed three phytoplankton assemblages distinct to spring/summer, fall, and winter seasons, with notable associations between the fall cyanobacteria/chlorophyte assemblage and elevated temperature and invasive zooplanktonic taxa. 4.The addition of nutrients and zooplankton grazers to the natural phytoplankton assemblage collected from western Washington lakes affected phytoplankton net growth rates in lakes of a low, but not high, trophic state. Collectively, these results underscore the variable effects that abiotic and biotic factors may have on phytoplankton blooms. These findings further highlight the regional importance of phosphorus in the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms, the connections between invasive zooplankton taxa, warm water temperatures, and cyanobacteria-dominated assemblages in the CR, and the importance of lake trophic state in phytoplankton response to future nutrient enrichment.
Download or read book Real time Coastal Observing Systems for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms written by Babin, Marcel and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.
Download or read book Relationship Between Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms Psycho chemical Factors and Multiple Source Excreta Contamination in Affected Watershed written by Valentina Muñoz Ramos and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Missisquoi Bay (MB) is a temperate eutrophic freshwater ecosystem located in an agricultural watershed and it frequently experiences toxic Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms. Cyanobacterial population dynamics are influenced by a plethora of factors that may differ from system to system, requiring a site-specific assessment of bloom-promoting factors to design more effective bloom prevention or remediation strategies. This is the first biomonitoring study that combined data from high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, qPCR and environmental parameters from temporal and spatial samples to identify the main bloom-promoting factors. In addition, high-throughput amplicon sequencing of mitochondrial DNA genes was performed to qualitatively identify potential external sources of nutrients originating from animal excreta. Particular emphasis was placed on 1) determining whether there was a link between nutrients from external sources and cyanobacterial blooms and 2) analyzing in situ the effect of environmental factors (particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations) on the dynamics of cyanobacterial community composition, abundance and toxicity.The concentrations of total P (TP) and total N (TN) in MB in 2009 correlated significantly with the abundance of total cyanobacterial cells, the Microcystis 16S rRNA and mcyD genes and intracellular microcystin. The results suggest that external sources of nutrients, such as surface runoff and animal excreta, played a significant role in the load of nutrients into the bay and thus in the proliferation of toxic cyanobacterial blooms. This was indicated by the detection of non-aquatic mitochondrial DNA hosts in the bay and the relationships between the pattern of surface runoff, nutrient concentrations, E. coli counts and total cyanobacterial abundance. Potential sources of nutrients from non-aquatic animal excreta in the system comprised rodents, birds, cattle and humans, indicating that efforts are required to control pollution from animal excreta in MB. During the growing season, the major cyanobacterial taxa were members of the orders Chroococcales and Nostocales. The genus Microcystis was identified as the main mcyD-carrier and main microcystin producer, hence the most problematic taxon in the cyanobacterial bloom. The correlations observed with environmental parameters suggest that increasing nutrient concentrations and TN:TP (mass) ratios approaching 11:1, coupled with an increase in temperature, promoted Microcystis-dominated toxic cyanobacterial blooms. Although the importance of nutrient ratios and absolute concentrations on cyanobacterial and Microcystis dynamics has been documented, this is the first time that an optimum TN:TP ratio for Microcystis dominance has been observed in the field. This observation provides further support to the theory that nutrient supply ratios are an important determinant of species composition in natural phytoplankton assemblages. Although the validity and prediction potential of this optimum ratio for Microcystis dominance has yet to be verified through longer-term studies, it may provide practical guidelines for nutrient management strategies to avoid the proliferation of this toxin producing cyanobacterial genus in MB. " --
Download or read book Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms State of the Science and Research Needs written by H. Kenneth Hudnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever-increasing incidence of harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms, this monograph has added urgency and will be essential reading for all sorts of researchers, from neuroscientists to cancer research specialists. The volume contains the proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms, and has been edited by H. Kenneth Hudnell, of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It contains much of the most recent research into the subject.
Download or read book Dynamics of the Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms in the Baltic Sea written by Kaisa Kononen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estuarine Indicators written by Stephen A. Bortone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-12-28 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acknowledging the present inability to determine objectively the status and trends among estuarine ecosystems, the environmental research community has recently stepped up efforts to develop and evaluate meaningful estuarine indicators. This goal requires the effort of researchers from a broad spectrum of disciplines. In order to expedite this init
Download or read book Life in a River written by Valerie Rapp and published by Twenty-First Century Books. This book was released on 2002-01-09 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the Columbian River Basin as an example, explores the ecosystems of rivers of all sizes in mountains and valleys, and discusses the impact of human interaction.
Download or read book Effects of Lake Warming on Cyanobacterial and Algal Bloom Dynamics written by Yana Yankova and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Cyanobacteria and Microcystins in Freshwater Systems written by Som Cit Si Nang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Excessive growth of cyanobacteria, commonly known as cyanobacterial blooms, appear to be increasing in magnitude and frequency worldwide, thus posing a serious threat to the safety and security of water resources. With the increasing global water stress, there is a need for effective management of cyanobacterial blooms in water bodies. So far, it has been a great challenge to mitigate and assess public health risks associated with cyanobacterial blooms due to difficulty in predicting the level of cyanobacterial biomass and microcystin concentrations in water bodies. Moreover, the effectiveness of the current bloom prevention and risk assessment strategies depend upon the understanding of the dynamics of cyanobacteria and microcystin under natural conditions. Thus, this research aims to: i) assess the variability of the relationship between cyanobacterial biomass and microcystin concentration, which is currently used to assess the risk to human and ecosystems health; ii) determine the environmental drivers of the dynamics of cyanobacterial dominance and microcystin concentration and assess site specificity of the environmental drivers; and iii) investigate how changes in the structure of phytoplankton community and cyanobacterial composition in response to nutrient concentration affect the dynamics of microcystin concentration. The results contained in this thesis revealed that the biomass-toxin relationship is a function of spatiotemporal patterns that affect cyanobacterial and microcystin dynamics. The correlation between the biomass and toxin is weak and site-specific, and large changes in total microcystin concentrations occur even at stable cyanobacterial biomass concentrations. This could pose a significant threat to the risk assessment associated with microcystin contamination in water bodies...
Download or read book Harmful Cyanobacteria written by Jef Huisman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-15 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This outstanding volume provides an up-to-date overview of the advances in our knowledge of harmful cyanobacteria. An essential reference for all scientists and environmental professionals interested in cyanobacterial ecology and water management.
Download or read book Life Cycles Dynamics and Toxicity of the Cyanobacterial Bloom in the Gulf of Finland written by Kaisa Kononen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Dynamics of Community Gene Expression In a Freshwater Cyanobacterial Bloom Over a Day night Cycle written by Jia Wang (S.M.) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of community gene expression, or metatranscriptomics, provide a powerful approach for quantifying changes in both the taxonomic composition (structure) and activity (function) of complex microbial systems in response to dynamic environmental conditions. We have used next-generation Illumina sequencing to characterize the metatranscriptome of a tropical eutrophic drinking water reservoir dominated by the toxigenic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa over a day-night cycle. Cyanobacterial blooms are a major problem in eutrophic lakes and reservoirs, negatively impacting the ecology of the water body through oxygen depletion upon bloom decay and in some cases through production of toxins. Waterborne Cyanobacterial toxins pose a public health risk through drinking and recreational exposure. The frequency of harmful Cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) is predicted to increase due to warming regional climates and increases in non-point source pollution due to urban expansion. CyanoHABs represent complex consortia of Cyanobacteria that live in association with diverse assemblages of heterotrophic and anoxygenic- photosynthetic bacteria, archaea, microbial Eukaryotes (algae, protozoa, and fungi) as well as viruses and zooplanktonic grazers. Water sampling was carried out at six time points over a 24 hour period to capture variability associated with changes in the balance between phototrophic and heterotrophic activity. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to ribosomal depletion followed by cDNA synthesis, sequencing, and quality control, generating 493,468 to 678,064 95-101 bp reads per sample. Hierarchical clustering of transcription profiles supported sorting of samples into two clusters corresponding to "day" and "night" collection times. Annotation of reads through the MGRAST pipeline (Metagenomics- Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology) revealed that the community taxonomic composition was relatively constant throughout the day-night cycle and was dominated by transcripts with highest identity to members of the phyla Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes (in decreasing order) where Microcystis transcripts represented 15.3 to 25.6% of the total Bacterial transcriptomes (Eave=10~). Community transcripts were enriched with genes from the Cyanobacterial photosynthetic KEGG pathway during the day (p=0.004). In contrast, Proteobacterial transcripts were enriched at night (20.4% of the total Bacterial transcriptome compared to 14.3% in the day, p=0.039). Metatranscriptomic quantification of microbial community gene expression in a Cyanobacterial bloom dominated by M. aeruginosa contributes to a fundamental understanding of nutrient and energy cycling over a day-night cycle. A better understanding of the structure, function, and interaction between members of the complex communities that support the proliferation of toxigenic Cyanobacteria will improve our ability to prevent and control CyanoHABs.
Download or read book Climatology of the Interior Columbia River Basin written by Sue A. Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Dynamics of the Columbia River Estuarine Ecosystem written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water written by Ingrid Chorus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacteria and their toxins are an increasing global public health menace. Most recently, problems have been experienced in Australia, the United States and, due to drought and increasing water scarcity, pose a severe threat in the U.K. With an international range of contributors, all leading experts in their fields, Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water examines the increasing need to protect drinking water and water resources from the hazards of Cyanobacteria and their impact on health. Written and edited by a World Health Organization working group, Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water is an operational handbook in a practical, assessible style. Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water will be invaluable to environmental health officers, professionals in the fields of water supply, public health, fresh water ecology and education, national and international organizations, special interest groups, post-graduate students and utilities responsible for managing drinking water supplies.
Download or read book Highlighted Scientific Findings of the Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project written by Thomas Milton Quigley and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for Canadian Recreational Water Quality written by Federal-Provincial Working Group on Recreational Water Quality (Canada) and published by Health and Welfare Canada. This book was released on 1983 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indentifies, for recreational water use, risks from exposure to fecal streptococci and other micro-organisms. Deals also with pH, nuisance organisms, temperature, aesthetics, and turbidity. Includes a section on sampling and enumeration of indicators of recreational water quality.
