Download or read book Cryptography and the Intelligence Community The Future of Encryption written by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2023-06-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encryption is a process for making information unreadable by an adversary who does not possess a specific key that is required to make the encrypted information readable. The inverse process, making information that has been encrypted readable, is referred to as decryption. Cryptography has become widespread and is used by private as well as governmental actors. It also enables authentication and underlies the safe use of the Internet and computer systems by individuals and organizations worldwide. Emerging cryptographic technologies offer capabilities such as the ability to process encrypted information without first decrypting it. At the request of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, this report identifies potential scenarios that would describe the balance between encryption and decryption over the next 10 to 20 years and assesses the national security and intelligence implications of each scenario. For each of these scenarios, Cryptography and the Intelligence Community identifies risks, opportunities, and actions. Attention to the findings should enable the Intelligence Community to prepare for the future and to recognize emerging trends and developments and respond appropriately.

Download or read book Cryptography s Role in Securing the Information Society written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-11-29 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For every opportunity presented by the information age, there is an opening to invade the privacy and threaten the security of the nation, U.S. businesses, and citizens in their private lives. The more information that is transmitted in computer-readable form, the more vulnerable we become to automated spying. It's been estimated that some 10 billion words of computer-readable data can be searched for as little as $1. Rival companies can glean proprietary secrets . . . anti-U.S. terrorists can research targets . . . network hackers can do anything from charging purchases on someone else's credit card to accessing military installations. With patience and persistence, numerous pieces of data can be assembled into a revealing mosaic. Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society addresses the urgent need for a strong national policy on cryptography that promotes and encourages the widespread use of this powerful tool for protecting of the information interests of individuals, businesses, and the nation as a whole, while respecting legitimate national needs of law enforcement and intelligence for national security and foreign policy purposes. This book presents a comprehensive examination of cryptographyâ€"the representation of messages in codeâ€"and its transformation from a national security tool to a key component of the global information superhighway. The committee enlarges the scope of policy options and offers specific conclusions and recommendations for decision makers. Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society explores how all of us are affected by information security issues: private companies and businesses; law enforcement and other agencies; people in their private lives. This volume takes a realistic look at what cryptography can and cannot do and how its development has been shaped by the forces of supply and demand. How can a business ensure that employees use encryption to protect proprietary data but not to conceal illegal actions? Is encryption of voice traffic a serious threat to legitimate law enforcement wiretaps? What is the systemic threat to the nation's information infrastructure? These and other thought-provoking questions are explored. Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society provides a detailed review of the Escrowed Encryption Standard (known informally as the Clipper chip proposal), a federal cryptography standard for telephony promulgated in 1994 that raised nationwide controversy over its "Big Brother" implications. The committee examines the strategy of export control over cryptography: although this tool has been used for years in support of national security, it is increasingly criticized by the vendors who are subject to federal export regulation. The book also examines other less well known but nevertheless critical issues in national cryptography policy such as digital telephony and the interplay between international and national issues. The themes of Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society are illustrated throughout with many examplesâ€"some alarming and all instructiveâ€"from the worlds of government and business as well as the international network of hackers. This book will be of critical importance to everyone concerned about electronic security: policymakers, regulators, attorneys, security officials, law enforcement agents, business leaders, information managers, program developers, privacy advocates, and Internet users.

Download or read book Introduction to Modern Cryptography written by Jonathan Katz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now the most used texbook for introductory cryptography courses in both mathematics and computer science, the Third Edition builds upon previous editions by offering several new sections, topics, and exercises. The authors present the core principles of modern cryptography, with emphasis on formal definitions, rigorous proofs of security.

Download or read book The Mathematics of Secrets written by Joshua Holden and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-02 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explaining the mathematics of cryptography The Mathematics of Secrets takes readers on a fascinating tour of the mathematics behind cryptography—the science of sending secret messages. Using a wide range of historical anecdotes and real-world examples, Joshua Holden shows how mathematical principles underpin the ways that different codes and ciphers work. He focuses on both code making and code breaking and discusses most of the ancient and modern ciphers that are currently known. He begins by looking at substitution ciphers, and then discusses how to introduce flexibility and additional notation. Holden goes on to explore polyalphabetic substitution ciphers, transposition ciphers, connections between ciphers and computer encryption, stream ciphers, public-key ciphers, and ciphers involving exponentiation. He concludes by looking at the future of ciphers and where cryptography might be headed. The Mathematics of Secrets reveals the mathematics working stealthily in the science of coded messages. A blog describing new developments and historical discoveries in cryptography related to the material in this book is accessible at http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10826.html.

Download or read book Web Security Privacy Commerce written by Simson Garfinkel and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2002 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Web Security, Privacy & Commerce" cuts through the hype and the front page stories. It tells readers what the real risks are and explains how to minimize them. Whether a casual (but concerned) Web surfer or a system administrator responsible for the security of a critical Web server, this book will tells users what they need to know.

Download or read book Applied Cryptography written by Bruce Schneier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the world's most renowned security technologist, Bruce Schneier, this 20th Anniversary Edition is the most definitive reference on cryptography ever published and is the seminal work on cryptography. Cryptographic techniques have applications far beyond the obvious uses of encoding and decoding information. For developers who need to know about capabilities, such as digital signatures, that depend on cryptographic techniques, there's no better overview than Applied Cryptography, the definitive book on the subject. Bruce Schneier covers general classes of cryptographic protocols and then specific techniques, detailing the inner workings of real-world cryptographic algorithms including the Data Encryption Standard and RSA public-key cryptosystems. The book includes source-code listings and extensive advice on the practical aspects of cryptography implementation, such as the importance of generating truly random numbers and of keeping keys secure. ". . .the best introduction to cryptography I've ever seen. . . .The book the National Security Agency wanted never to be published. . . ." -Wired Magazine ". . .monumental . . . fascinating . . . comprehensive . . . the definitive work on cryptography for computer programmers . . ." -Dr. Dobb's Journal ". . .easily ranks as one of the most authoritative in its field." -PC Magazine The book details how programmers and electronic communications professionals can use cryptography-the technique of enciphering and deciphering messages-to maintain the privacy of computer data. It describes dozens of cryptography algorithms, gives practical advice on how to implement them into cryptographic software, and shows how they can be used to solve security problems. The book shows programmers who design computer applications, networks, and storage systems how they can build security into their software and systems. With a new Introduction by the author, this premium edition will be a keepsake for all those committed to computer and cyber security.

Download or read book Battlefield Cyber written by William J Holstein and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-08-15 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is being bombarded with cyber-attacks. From the surge in ransomware groups targeting critical infrastructure to nation states compromising the software supply chain and corporate email servers, malicious cyber activities have reached an all-time high. Russia attracts the most attention, but China is vastly more sophisticated. They have a common interest in exploiting the openness of the Internet and social media—and our democracy—to erode confidence in our institutions and to exacerbate our societal rifts to prevent us from mounting an effective response. Halting this digital aggression will require Americans to undertake sweeping changes in how we educate, organize and protect ourselves and to ask difficult questions about how vulnerable our largest technology giants are. If we are waiting for a “Cyber 9/11” or a “Cyber Pearl Harbor,” we are misunderstanding how our adversaries wage cyber warfare. This is a timely and critically important book. No other book has analyzed the threat of cyber warfare with the depth and knowledge brought to the subject by the authors. It has now become a cliché to argue that a “whole of government” or “whole of society” response is necessary to respond to this crisis, but that concept has never been more important. It will take many years and billions of dollars to even begin to secure our IT systems and prevent the slow rot that is destroying America. Using language that the layman can understand, we wish to educate Americans about what has happened and inspire them to seek solutions.

Download or read book Integration Challenges for Analytics Business Intelligence and Data Mining written by Azevedo, Ana and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As technology continues to advance, it is critical for businesses to implement systems that can support the transformation of data into information that is crucial for the success of the company. Without the integration of data (both structured and unstructured) mining in business intelligence systems, invaluable knowledge is lost. However, there are currently many different models and approaches that must be explored to determine the best method of integration. Integration Challenges for Analytics, Business Intelligence, and Data Mining is a relevant academic book that provides empirical research findings on increasing the understanding of using data mining in the context of business intelligence and analytics systems. Covering topics that include big data, artificial intelligence, and decision making, this book is an ideal reference source for professionals working in the areas of data mining, business intelligence, and analytics; data scientists; IT specialists; managers; researchers; academicians; practitioners; and graduate students.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence written by David R. Martinez and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-06-11 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first text to take a systems engineering approach to artificial intelligence (AI), from architecture principles to the development and deployment of AI capabilities. Most books on artificial intelligence (AI) focus on a single functional building block, such as machine learning or human-machine teaming. Artificial Intelligence takes a more holistic approach, addressing AI from the view of systems engineering. The book centers on the people-process-technology triad that is critical to successful development of AI products and services. Development starts with an AI design, based on the AI system architecture, and culminates with successful deployment of the AI capabilities. Directed toward AI developers and operational users, this accessibly written volume of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Series can also serve as a text for undergraduate seniors and graduate-level students and as a reference book. Key features: In-depth look at modern computing technologies Systems engineering description and means to successfully undertake an AI product or service development through deployment Existing methods for applying machine learning operations (MLOps) AI system architecture including a description of each of the AI pipeline building blocks Challenges and approaches to attend to responsible AI in practice Tools to develop a strategic roadmap and techniques to foster an innovative team environment Multiple use cases that stem from the authors’ MIT classes, as well as from AI practitioners, AI project managers, early-career AI team leaders, technical executives, and entrepreneurs Exercises and Jupyter notebook examples

Download or read book Government Response to Disruptive Innovation Perspectives and Examinations written by Edwards, III, Sam B. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-05-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increasing pace of disruptive innovation, the world in general and governments in particular are experiencing challenges in adapting their systems to these new technologies. While the focus is on disruptive industries, these innovations also disrupt how governments regulate industries and technologies. The regulatory and policy choices governments and other regulatory bodies make have a profound impact on the industry by decreasing or magnifying uncertainty. Many of these disruptive technologies offer opportunities and challenges to the way governments interact in their communities. Government Response to Disruptive Innovation: Perspectives and Examinations presents research and case studies on government responses to disruptive innovations from a wide array of countries. It addresses the effects on the development of these innovations as a result of responses governments make. Covering topics such as citizen partnerships, communication technology development, and government action, this premier reference source is a dynamic resource for legal professionals, activists, government officials, sociologists, business leaders and executives, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Download or read book Cryptography The Key to Digital Security How It Works and Why It Matters written by Keith Martin and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2020-05-19 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “must-read” (Vincent Rijmen) nuts-and-bolts explanation of cryptography from a leading expert in information security. Despite its reputation as a language only of spies and hackers, cryptography plays a critical role in our everyday lives. Though often invisible, it underpins the security of our mobile phone calls, credit card payments, web searches, internet messaging, and cryptocurrencies—in short, everything we do online. Increasingly, it also runs in the background of our smart refrigerators, thermostats, electronic car keys, and even the cars themselves. As our daily devices get smarter, cyberspace—home to all the networks that connect them—grows. Broadly defined as a set of tools for establishing security in this expanding cyberspace, cryptography enables us to protect and share our information. Understanding the basics of cryptography is the key to recognizing the significance of the security technologies we encounter every day, which will then help us respond to them. What are the implications of connecting to an unprotected Wi-Fi network? Is it really so important to have different passwords for different accounts? Is it safe to submit sensitive personal information to a given app, or to convert money to bitcoin? In clear, concise writing, information security expert Keith Martin answers all these questions and more, revealing the many crucial ways we all depend on cryptographic technology. He demystifies its controversial applications and the nuances behind alarming headlines about data breaches at banks, credit bureaus, and online retailers. We learn, for example, how encryption can hamper criminal investigations and obstruct national security efforts, and how increasingly frequent ransomware attacks put personal information at risk. Yet we also learn why responding to these threats by restricting the use of cryptography can itself be problematic. Essential reading for anyone with a password, Cryptography offers a profound perspective on personal security, online and off.

Download or read book Big Data written by Fei Hu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-27 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there are already some books published on Big Data, most of them only cover basic concepts and society impacts and ignore the internal implementation details-making them unsuitable to R&D people. To fill such a need, Big Data: Storage, Sharing, and Security examines Big Data management from an R&D perspective. It covers the 3S desi

Download or read book The New Era Of Exponential Encryption written by Mele Gasakis and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their book "Era of Exponential Encryption - Beyond Cryptographic Routing" the authors provide a vision that can demonstrate an increasing multiplication of options for encryption and decryption processes: Similar to a grain of rice that doubles exponentially in every field of a chessboard, more and more newer concepts and programming in the area of cryptography increase these manifolds: both, encryption and decryption, require more session-related and multiple keys, so that numerous options even exist for configuring hybrid encryption: with different keys and algorithms, symmetric and asymmetrical methods, or even modern multiple encryption, with that ciphertext is converted again and again to ciphertext. It will be analyzed how a handful of newer applications like e.g. Spot-On and GoldBug E-Mail Client & Crypto Chat Messenger and other open source software programming implement these encryption mechanisms. Renewing a key several times - within the dedicated session with "cryptographic calling" - has forwarded the term of "perfect forward secrecy" to "instant perfect forward secrecy" (IPFS). But even more: if in advance a bunch of keys is sent, a decoding of a message has to consider not only one present session key, but over dozens of keys are sent - prior before the message arrives. The new paradigm of IPFS has already turned into the newer concept of these Fiasco Keys. Fiasco Keys are keys, which provide over a dozen possible ephemeral keys within one session and define Fiasco Forwarding, the approach which complements and follows IPFS. And further: by adding routing- and graph-theory to the encryption process, which is a constant part of the so called Echo Protocol, an encrypted packet might take different graphs and routes within the network. This shifts the current status to a new age: The Era of Exponential Encryption, so the vision and description of the authors. If routing does not require destination information but is replaced by cryptographic insights, then it is "beyond cryptographic routing". "Cryptographic Discovery" means: If the cryptographic token is matching, the message belongs to me. The Echo Protocol is in this regard an initial welcome within the Era of Exponential Encryption. The authors identify also four arms within the Era of Exponential Encryption and derive from these developments social, legal, political and economic recommendations.

Download or read book Hack to The Future written by Emily Crose and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-10-25 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand the history of hacking culture and the genesis of a powerful modern subculture In Hack to the Future: How World Governments Relentlessly Pursue and Domesticate Hackers, veteran information security professional Emily Crose delivers a deep dive into the history of the United States government's nuanced relationship with hacker culture and the role the latter has played in the former's domestic policy and geopolitics. In the book, you'll learn about significant events that have changed the way the hacking community has been perceived by the public, the state, and other hackers. The author explains how the US government managed to weaponize a subculture widely seen as misanthropic and awkward into a lever of geopolitical power. You'll also discover how: The release of the Morris worm and the Melissa virus changed the way hackers were seen and treated in the United States Different government agencies, including the National Security Agency and NASA treated – and were treated by – domestic hackers Hacking went from being an exclusive hobby for socially awkward nerds to a substantial lever of geopolitical power in just a few decades Perfect for anyone with an interest in hacking, tech, infosec, and geopolitics, Hack to the Future is a must-read for those who seek to better their understanding of the history of hacking culture and how we got to where we are today.

Download or read book Blown to Bits written by Harold Abelson and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2008 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Blown to Bits' is about how the digital explosion is changing everything. The text explains the technology, why it creates so many surprises and why things often don't work the way we expect them to. It is also about things the information explosion is destroying: old assumptions about who is really in control of our lives.

Download or read book The Condor Years written by John Dinges and published by New Press, The. This book was released on 2012-03-13 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “compelling and shocking account” of a brutal campaign of repression in Latin America, based on interviews and previously secret documents (The Miami Herald). Throughout the 1970s, six Latin American governments, led by Chile, formed a military alliance called Operation Condor to carry out kidnappings, torture, and political assassinations across three continents. It was an early “war on terror” initially encouraged by the CIA—which later backfired on the United States. Hailed by Foreign Affairs as “remarkable” and “a major contribution to the historical record,” The Condor Years uncovers the unsettling facts about the secret US relationship with the dictators who created this terrorist organization. Written by award-winning journalist John Dinges and updated to include later developments in the prosecution of Pinochet, the book is a chilling yet dispassionately told history of one of Latin America’s darkest eras. Dinges, himself interrogated in a Chilean torture camp, interviewed participants on both sides and examined thousands of previously secret documents to take the reader inside this underground world of military operatives and diplomats, right-wing spies and left-wing revolutionaries. “Scrupulous, well-documented.” —The Washington Post “Nobody knows what went wrong inside Chile like John Dinges.” —Seymour Hersh

Download or read book Practical Cryptography in Python written by Seth James Nielson and published by Apress. This book was released on 2019-09-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develop a greater intuition for the proper use of cryptography. This book teaches the basics of writing cryptographic algorithms in Python, demystifies cryptographic internals, and demonstrates common ways cryptography is used incorrectly. Cryptography is the lifeblood of the digital world’s security infrastructure. From governments around the world to the average consumer, most communications are protected in some form or another by cryptography. These days, even Google searches are encrypted. Despite its ubiquity, cryptography is easy to misconfigure, misuse, and misunderstand. Developers building cryptographic operations into their applications are not typically experts in the subject, and may not fully grasp the implication of different algorithms, modes, and other parameters. The concepts in this book are largely taught by example, including incorrect uses of cryptography and how "bad" cryptography can be broken. By digging into the guts of cryptography, you can experience what works, what doesn't, and why. What You’ll Learn Understand where cryptography is used, why, and how it gets misused Know what secure hashing is used for and its basic propertiesGet up to speed on algorithms and modes for block ciphers such as AES, and see how bad configurations breakUse message integrity and/or digital signatures to protect messagesUtilize modern symmetric ciphers such as AES-GCM and CHACHAPractice the basics of public key cryptography, including ECDSA signaturesDiscover how RSA encryption can be broken if insecure padding is usedEmploy TLS connections for secure communicationsFind out how certificates work and modern improvements such as certificate pinning and certificate transparency (CT) logs Who This Book Is For IT administrators and software developers familiar with Python. Although readers may have some knowledge of cryptography, the book assumes that the reader is starting from scratch.