Download or read book The Last Crusade written by Mark Caldwell and published by Atheneum Books. This book was released on 1988 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prohibition written by W. J. Rorabaugh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans have always been a hard-drinking people, but from 1920 to 1933 the country went dry. After decades of pressure from rural Protestants such as the hatchet-wielding Carry A. Nation and organizations such as the Women's Christian Temperance Union and Anti-Saloon League, the states ratified the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Bolstered by the Volstead Act, this amendment made Prohibition law: alcohol could no longer be produced, imported, transported, or sold. This bizarre episode is often humorously recalled, frequently satirized, and usually condemned. The more interesting questions, however, are how and why Prohibition came about, how Prohibition worked (and failed to work), and how Prohibition gave way to strict governmental regulation of alcohol. This book answers these questions, presenting a brief and elegant overview of the Prohibition era and its legacy. During the 1920s alcohol prices rose, quality declined, and consumption dropped. The black market thrived, filling the pockets of mobsters and bootleggers. Since beer was too bulky to hide and largely disappeared, drinkers sipped cocktails made with moonshine or poor-grade imported liquor. The all-male saloon gave way to the speakeasy, where together men and women drank, smoked, and danced to jazz. After the onset of the Great Depression, support for Prohibition collapsed because of the rise in gangster violence and the need for revenue at local, state, and federal levels. As public opinion turned, Franklin Delano Roosevelt promised to repeal Prohibition in 1932. The legalization of beer came in April 1933, followed by the Twenty-first Amendment's repeal of the Eighteenth that December. State alcohol control boards soon adopted strong regulations, and their legacies continue to influence American drinking habits. Soon after, Bill Wilson and Dr. Bob Smith founded Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). The alcohol problem had shifted from being a moral issue during the nineteenth century to a social, cultural, and political one during the campaign for Prohibition, and finally, to a therapeutic one involving individuals. As drinking returned to pre-Prohibition levels, a Neo-Prohibition emerged, led by groups such as Mothers against Drunk Driving, and ultimately resulted in a higher legal drinking age and other legislative measures. With his unparalleled expertise regarding American drinking patterns, W. J. Rorabaugh provides an accessible synthesis of one of the most important topics in US history, a topic that remains relevant today amidst rising concerns over binge-drinking and alcohol culture on college campuses.

Download or read book A Twentieth Century Crusade written by Giuliana Chamedes and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-17 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive history of the Vatican’s agenda to defeat the forces of secular liberalism and communism through international law, cultural diplomacy, and a marriage of convenience with authoritarian and right-wing rulers. After the United States entered World War I and the Russian Revolution exploded, the Vatican felt threatened by forces eager to reorganize the European international order and cast the Church out of the public sphere. In response, the papacy partnered with fascist and right-wing states as part of a broader crusade that made use of international law and cultural diplomacy to protect European countries from both liberal and socialist taint. A Twentieth-Century Crusade reveals that papal officials opposed Woodrow Wilson’s international liberal agenda by pressing governments to sign concordats assuring state protection of the Church in exchange for support from the masses of Catholic citizens. These agreements were implemented in Mussolini’s Italy and Hitler’s Germany, as well as in countries like Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. In tandem, the papacy forged a Catholic International—a political and diplomatic foil to the Communist International—which spread a militant anticommunist message through grassroots organizations and new media outlets. It also suppressed Catholic antifascist tendencies, even within the Holy See itself. Following World War II, the Church attempted to mute its role in strengthening fascist states, as it worked to advance its agenda in partnership with Christian Democratic parties and a generation of Cold War warriors. The papal mission came under fire after Vatican II, as Church-state ties weakened and antiliberalism and anticommunism lost their appeal. But—as Giuliana Chamedes shows in her groundbreaking exploration—by this point, the Vatican had already made a lasting mark on Eastern and Western European law, culture, and society.

Download or read book Readers Guide to Periodical Literature written by Anna Lorraine Guthrie and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 1260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Crusade written by Rick Atkinson and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 1993 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating interviews with individuals ranging from senior policymakers to frontline soldiers, a look at the Persian Gulf War shows how the conflict transformed modern warfare.

Download or read book The Crusader of the Wisconsin Anti Tuberculosis Association written by and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The World is Fat written by Barry M. Popkin and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2009 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the history of human obesity worldwide, and examines how trends in technology, globalization, government policies, and the food industry affect all physical aspects of human life.

Download or read book Crusaders Against Opium written by Kathleen L. Lodwick and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opium addiction in China during the closing decades of the Ch'ing dynasty afflicted all segments of society. From government officials to farmers, the population fell prey to the effects of the drug. Some provinces reported addiction rates as high as eighty percent. With the birth of Chinese nationalism, reformers—missionaries who had witnessed the effects of opium on Chinese society, students who had studied abroad and returned to their native land with broader perspectives, families who had lost all through the addiction of a loved one, doctors who had firsthand knowledge that opium use led only to death—cried out against the drug. Even though many were convinced that opium use had sapped the strength of China, ending the use of the drug was a complicated problem. Opium trade financed the colonial government of India, and imports amounted to many tons annually. Domestic poppies were also cultivated as source of income. Kathleen Lodwick examines the intersecting efforts of Protestant missionaries, particularly medical doctors, who had long denounced opium use, the British Royal Commission on Opium, which was decidedly pro-opium, the U.S. Philippine Commission, which denounced not only the trade but the Chinese people, and the British officials who finally undertook the task of ending the importation of opium to China. China kept few records on the amount of drug use or its effects. Missionary medical doctors conducted the first scientific survey on the effects of the drug, and their findings provided clear evidence of its perniciousness. Such evidence could not be ignored, whatever the fortunes involved, and missionaries conducted a campaign of education and awareness in China and abroad. As a result of their efforts, China and Britain entered into a treaty that called for all opium trade to cease by 1917, and both governments as well as the missionaries become immediately active toward that end. The suppression campaign was among the most successful of the late Ch'ing reforms. Lodwick tells a fascinating story of imperial exploitation and of a strain of honest crusaders who sought to right some of the wrongs their own nation was perpetrating. This book represents a strong argument against legalization of addictive drugs, a topic being discussed today in the United States as a solution to the societal problems our own drug use has caused.

Download or read book Nostrums and Quackery written by American Medical Association and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Druggists Circular written by and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transactions of the Sixth International Congress on Tuberculosis v 5 written by and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Dublin Journal of Medical Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transactions of the Sixth International Congress on Tuberculosis Washington September 28 to October 5 1908 pt 1 Proceedings of Section VI State and municipal control of tuberculosis written by and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transactions of the Sixth International Congress on Tuberculosis Washington September 28 to October 5 1908 pt 2 Proceedings of Section VII Tuberculosis in animals and its relations to man written by and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book British Journal of Tuberculosis and Diseases of the Chest written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Health written by and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the transactions of the Society of Medical Officers of Health.

Download or read book Medical News written by and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: