Download or read book Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Population Decline and Recovery written by Brian T. G. Carter and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federal Actions Associated with Management and Recovery of Cook Inlet Beluga Whales written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Species in the Spotlight written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The endangered Cook Inlet beluga whale was chosen as one of the eight most at-risk species because this declining population of small whales shares Cook Inlet with Alaska's human population center, transportation hub, and largest concentration of industrial activity. The population has declined by nearly 75% since 1979, from about 1,300 whales to an estimated 340 whales in 2014. The rapid decline and dire status of the Cook Inlet beluga whale population makes it a priority for NMFS and our partners to prevent extinction and promote recovery of this iconic species"--page 2, paragraph 1.

Download or read book Recovery Plan for the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Delphinapterus Leucas written by United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office. Protected Resources Division and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The goal of this recovery plan is to guide efforts that achieve the recovery of CI belugas to a level sufficient to warrant their removal from the federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the ESA (i.e., delist) by meeting the recovery criteria and addressing threats. The intermediate goal is to guide efforts that result in reclassification of CI belugas from endangered to threatened (i.e., downlist). The determinations regarding whether these goals are met include consideration of the population's risk of extinction and threats as identified under the ESA section 4(a)(1) factors. If a species is determined to be recovered, then the protections afforded by the ESA no longer apply, although other pertinent federal (e.g., MMPA) and state protections will still apply."--PDF page xiv-xv.

Download or read book Federal Actions Associated with Management and Recovery of Cook Inlet Beluga Whales written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sound and Human Impacts on Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Alaska written by Rachael E. Blevins and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cook Inlet beluga whales (CIBs) are a geographically and genetically isolated population residing in Cook Inlet, Alaska year round. The population declined by approximately 50% between 1994 and 1998 and was listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act in 2008. The original decline was attributed to overharvest; however, the population has failed to rebound despite the virtual absence of harvest since 1998. This suggests that other factors, such as declining prey availability, increased predation, contaminants, disease, climate change, catastrophic events, habitat loss, unauthorized take, and underwater noise pollution, may be limiting the population's recovery. The goal of this dissertation research was to study the potential impacts of underwater noise on the CIB population. The objective of Chapter 1 was to study CIB acoustic behavior to gain a greater understanding of how CIBs utilize sound. The objective of Chapter 2 was to measure underwater sound levels in Cook Inlet to understand the background noise levels with which CIBs must cope. The objective of Chapter 3 was to document reactions of CIBs to noise disturbance utilizing local ecological knowledge to allow insight into the potential impacts of noise on beluga behavior. The results of Chapter 1 showed that belugas exhibit significant seasonal and spatial variation in calling behavior which suggested differences in habitat usage or differences in the surrounding environment, including background noise levels. The results of Chapter 2 showed that root mean square sound pressure levels exhibited high variation with the highest levels recorded in the 100 Hz frequency band. The seasonal differences in sound levels observed in this study were likely due to greater small vessel traffic and oil and gas development activities in the summer than the winter. In Chapter 3, participants reported observations of CIBs exhibiting avoidance reactions to noise sources including boats, planes, explosions, pile driving, construction, and cars. The results of this chapter showed that noise is perceived to alter beluga behavior and possibly beluga distribution in Cook Inlet. This dissertation research showed that underwater noise has the potential to affect CIBs, however the cost of this impact remains unclear and warrants further study. In light of the lack of support for many of the proposed factors limiting the population and the need for further research for many of these factors, it would be valuable to consider the cumulative effects of these multiple stressors. While their potential impact may be small individually, when combined, these factors may have a synergistic and significant impact on individual whales and, in turn, on the CIB population. Management of cumulative effects may be necessary to ensure the recovery of this endangered population.

Download or read book Recovery Plan for the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Delphinapterus Leucas written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Draft Federal Actions Associated with Management and Recovery of the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale written by United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses actions taken by the National Marine Fisheries Service to manage and recover the Cook Inlet, Alaska, stock of beluga whales. The principle management action proposed is to limit Native subsistence harvest of Cook Inlet beluga whales.

Download or read book Draft Recovery Plan for the Cook Inlet Beluga Whale Delphinapterus Leucas written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report of the Marine Mammal Commission written by United States. Marine Mammal Commission and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report to Congress written by United States. Marine Mammal Commission and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Marine Fisheries Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federal Register written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fort Richardson Resumption of Year round Firing Opportunities written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cook Inlet Planning Area Oil and Gas Lease Sales 191 and 199 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Movement and Dive Behavior of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet Alaska written by Kimberly T. Goetz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limited information exists on the foraging behavior of the endangered population of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in Cook Inlet, Alaska, especially during the winter months with heavy ice-cover. We used satellite telemetry to record the movement (n = 14) and diving (n = 11) behavior of whales across 3 years (1999-2003), including the winter months. Whales remained in Cook Inlet the entire time they were tracked. Mean dive depths across the entire tracking period ranged from 1.6 (SD ± 2.1) to 6.7 (SD ± 10.4) m and mean dive duration ranged from 1.1 (SD ± 1.3) to 6.9 (SD ± 9.5) minutes. Overall, dives were significantly shorter in the near-shore areas of Chickaloon Bay, Susitna Delta, Knik Arm, Turnagain Arm, and Trading Bay. This type of dive behavior, in combination with significantly slower transit rates suggests that whales are likely foraging in these areas. While belugas tended to prefer shallow inshore waters throughout the year, the presence of sea ice between December and May may prevent access to coastal areas. Preference for pack ice, despite the large proportions of Cook Inlet remaining ice-free, may be an indication of belugas attempting to access coastal areas despite increased ice concentration. With the declining abundance of Cook Inlet belugas, identifying potential foraging areas during ice-covered and ice-free periods is critical to the recovery of this endangered population.

Download or read book Cook Inlet Planning Area Oil and Gas Lease Sales 191 and 199 written by United States. Minerals Management Service. Alaska OCS Region and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: