Download or read book Controlling Tissue Matrix Assembly of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Toward Engineering Native like Bone Cartilage and Osteochondral Grafts written by Sarindr Bhumiratana and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tissue engineering approaches developed in this dissertation form a basis for promising therapeutic approaches for treating bone, cartilage, and osteochondral defects.
Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Skeletal Regeneration written by Peter Giannoudis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Skeletal Regeneration covers our current understanding of the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and other mesenchymal progenitors in skeletal regeneration, encompassing bone, cartilage and whole joint regeneration. The expansion reflects developments in the field to include data on the use of MSCs in drug development, growth factors, scaffolds and biomechanical manipulations for skeletal trauma and diseases, including osteoporosis and arthritis. Written for an audience of clinicians and young researchers who are exposed to MSCs in their work, this work summarizes recent findings pertaining to the definition and characterization of MSCs in skeletal tissues and discusses the mechanisms of their actions in regeneration of bone in vivo. The authors describe recent findings pertaining to the efficacy of MSC therapies in animal models and in human clinical trials and bring together literature showing that the ways MSCs are extracted, expanded and implanted can considerably affect bone formation outcomes. Finally, it presents the latest knowledge on the nature of native MSCs in skeletal tissues, which provide a platform for novel in situ tissue regeneration approaches for systemic bone disease such as osteoporosis. Focuses specifically on the use of stem cells in skeletal tissue generation for a broad audience of stem cell, cancer, and bone biologists, orthopedists, oncologists, and regenerative medicine specialists Provides a short historical ‘detour’ and foundational information on founding concepts, discoveries and personalities in MSC research Assists a new generation of scientists and clinicians in digesting the multitude of journal articles on the topic by providing easily-absorbed and condensed foundational context
Download or read book Tissue and Organ Regeneration written by Lijie Grace Zhang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-05-15 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue engineering aims to develop biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve damaged tissue and organ functionality. To date, numerous stem cells and biomaterials have been explored for a variety of tissue and organ regeneration. The challenge for existing stem cell–based techniques is that current therapies lack controlled environments that are crucial for regulating stem cell engraftment and differentiation in vivo, because stem cells are rather sensitive to even minute changes in their environment. Micro- and nanotechnology hold great potential to fabricate biomimetic spatiotemporally controlled scaffolds as well as control stem cell behavior and fate by micro- and nanoscale cues. This book presents the latest micro- and nanotechnologies used to manipulate stem cell behaviors, which is a critical area for regenerative medicine. Moreover, it covers and details cutting-edge research in nano- and microfabrication techniques and biomaterials for the regeneration of various tissues and organs, such as bone, cartilage, craniofacial, osteochondral, muscle, bladder, cardiac, and vascular tissues.
Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy written by Lucas G. Chase and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop stem cell-based therapies for difficult to treat diseases. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), appear to hold great promise in regards to a regenerative cell-based therapy for the treatment of these diseases. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are underway worldwide exploring the use of MSCs for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including bone, cartilage and tendon damage, myocardial infarction, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, critical limb ischemia and many others. MSCs were first identified by Friendenstein and colleagues as an adherent stromal cell population within the bone marrow with the ability to form clonogenic colonies in vitro. In regards to the basic biology associated with MSCs, there has been tremendous progress towards understanding this cell population’s phenotype and function from a range of tissue sources. Despite enormous progress and an overall increased understanding of MSCs at the molecular and cellular level, several critical questions remain to be answered in regards to the use of these cells in therapeutic applications. Clinically, both autologous and allogenic approaches for the transplantation of MSCs are being explored. Several of the processing steps needed for the clinical application of MSCs, including isolation from various tissues, scalable in vitro expansion, cell banking, dose preparation, quality control parameters, delivery methods and numerous others are being extensively studied. Despite a significant number of ongoing clinical trials, none of the current therapeutic approaches have, at this point, become a standard of care treatment. Although exceptionally promising, the clinical translation of MSC-based therapies is still a work in progress. The extensive number of ongoing clinical trials is expected to provide a clearer path forward for the realization and implementation of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Towards this end, reviews of current clinical trial results and discussions of relevant topics association with the clinical application of MSCs are compiled in this book from some of the leading researchers in this exciting and rapidly advancing field. Although not absolutely all-inclusive, we hope the chapters within this book can promote and enable a better understanding of the translation of MSCs from bench-to-bedside and inspire researchers to further explore this promising and quickly evolving field.
Download or read book Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering written by Krishna Pramanik and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-03-29 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers conventional clinical treatment methods for handling bone, cartilage, and related disorders along with their limitations and highlights the current state of the art of tissue engineering as an alternative for regenerating such defective tissue. Potential biomimetic scaffolding materials and their development, desired properties, modifications, and optimizations are described. The design and advancement in fabrication, characterization, properties, and biological functions of scaffolds, their integration with stem cells, and various bioreactor systems for tissue regeneration are presented. It further reviews in vitro and in vivo (pre-clinical) assessments of tissue constructs, involved translational challenges, and strategies in various stages of neo-tissue production. Features: Discusses the key aspects of generating engineered bone, cartilage, and associated tissues through tissue engineering approach Describes multiple engineering principles, and processes involved in the various stages of developing biomaterials and scaffolds Covers integration of stem cells with scaffolds, including assessment of tissue grafts, and translational strategy Explores key factors influencing tissue graft generation in bioreactors and challenges involved in various stages Includes several exercises including review questions and numerical problems for better understanding of the subject This book is aimed at researchers, students, and professionals in biomedical engineering, tissue engineering, stem cells, biomaterials, and orthopaedics.
Download or read book A Tissue Regeneration Approach to Bone and Cartilage Repair written by Hala Zreiqat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviewing exhaustively the current state of the art of tissue engineering strategies for regenerating bones and joints through the use of biomaterials, growth factors and stem cells, along with an investigation of the interactions between biomaterials, bone cells, growth factors and added stem cells and how together skeletal tissues can be optimised, this book serves to highlight the importance of biomaterials composition, surface topography, architectural and mechanical properties in providing support for tissue regeneration. Maximizing reader insights into the importance of the interplay of these attributes with bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts) and cartilage cells (chondrocytes), this book also provides a detailed reference as to how key signalling pathways are activated. The contribution of growth factors to drive tissue regeneration and stem cell recruitment is discussed along with a review the potential and challenges of adult or embryonic mesenchymal stem cells to further enhance the formation of new bone and cartilage tissues. This book serves to demonstrate the interconnectedness of biomaterials, bone/cartilage cells, growth factors and stem cells in determining the regenerative process and thus the clinical outcome.
Download or read book Bone Tissue Engineering written by Jeffrey O. Hollinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-14 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on bone biology, Bone Tissue Engineering integrates basic sciences with tissue engineering. It includes contributions from world-renowned researchers and clinicians who discuss key topics such as different models and approaches to bone tissue engineering, as well as exciting clinical applications for patients. Divided into four sections, t
Download or read book Genetic Engineering of Mesenchymal Stem Cells written by Jan A. Nolta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-29 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MSC (mesenchymal stem cells) have been reported to initiate revascularization after injury, to facilitate engraftment of blood-forming stem cells, and to reduce the incidence of graft-vs. host disease through their immune-suppressive qualities. Finally, bone marrow-derived MSC have been reported to home to areas of solid tumor revascularization, and thus may be used as delivery vehicles to target ablative agents into dividing tumor cells. Recently the characteristics of human MSC from adipose (fat) tissue have also been identified. The possibility of repairing tissues, speeding stem cell engraftment, and targeting solid tumors for specific killing, using MSC easily harvested from bone marrow, or better yet, from unwanted fat tissue, holds broad appeal, and is an intriguing possibility that could have dramatic effect on health care. This book has information on how to isolate, grow, and characterize MSC from marrow and fat, and gives important insight into how these cells may be used for gene delivery and cellular therapies in the future. Updates on emerging clinical trials are given.
Download or read book Development of Osteochondral Tissue Constructs Using a Gradient Generating Bioreactor written by Alexander Lee Rivera and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue engineering is viewed as a promising method for repair of articular cartilage injuries. While mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based tissue engineering strategies have produced tissue constructs that display extracellular matrix similarities to articular cartilage, including glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II synthesis, these constructs have failed to provide a clinical solution. One primary limitation is the lack of integration between the engineered construct and the native cartilage. Integration is very difficult to achieve due to the avascular nature of articular cartilage. The use of osteochondral constructs can allow for enhanced integration since the construct is anchored with the subchondral bone, a highly vascularized tissue that displays an intrinsic remodeling capability. We developed a gradient generating bioreactor for biphasic tissue fabrication and investigated the fabrication of osteochondral tissue constructs. We hypothesized that exposure of MSC-scaffold constructs to osteochondral gradients would allow for the production of an osteochondral tissue construct that transitions from a cartilage-like region to a bone-like mineralized region. The bioreactor developed within this dissertation utilizes two flow inlet streams of different compositions, which combine into a single flow channel to form a biomolecular gradient across three-dimensional cell-scaffold constructs. The bioreactor was characterized via COMSOL Multiphysics simulations and fluorescent/dye molecule tracer experiments and was then fabricated from Delrin. Osteochondral gradients were generated across human MSCs seeded within collagen-GAG scaffolds. The developed tissue constructs displayed two distinct regions: a cartilage-like region and a mineralized region. Mineralization was observed via von Kossa staining and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Production of collagen type II was visualized via immunohistochemistry and was highest in regions of the tissue construct exposed to higher concentrations of chondrogenic medium. GAG production was observed throughout the construct using Safranin O staining and a quantitative GAG/DNA assay. Via mechanical characterization, the osteogenic regions of these samples displayed higher aggregate modulus values compared to the chondrogenic regions. These results indicate the osteochondral tissue constructs displayed both biochemical properties and mechanical properties unique to each tissue region. The novel gradient generating bioreactor developed here to investigate osteochondral tissue construct fabrication serves as promising tool to study the engineering of biphasic tissues.
Download or read book Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine written by Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-05 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the potential therapeutic and reproductive applications of mesenchymal stem cells in veterinary regenerative and reproductive medicine. The systemic approach focuses on musculoskeletal structures like cartilage, bone, muscle, tendon, ligaments and nervous tissues. It also focuses on other body systems like gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, urogenital, respiratory and integumentary system. Besides, the special glands or organs like endocrine glands and eye and its adnexa are also focused. The book chapters discusses the problems and the need for regenerative medicine employing MSCs. It provides an ex vivo basis of MSCs therapeutics and reproductive potential followed by their in vivo applications. The book further provides an understanding on the behavior and mechanisms of action of mesenchymal stem cells. The book also abridges challenges and provides future prospects of mesenchymal stem cells in clinical and reproductive applications. As such, the book offers a valuable resource for students, veterinarians, and scientists working in the regenerative and reproductive sciences in human and veterinary medicine.
Download or read book Gene Therapy for Cartilage and Bone Tissue Engineering written by Yu-Chen Hu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-26 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Gene Therapy for Cartilage and Bone Tissue Engineering" outlines the tissue engineering and possible applications of gene therapy in the field of biomedical engineering as well as basic principles of gene therapy, vectors and gene delivery, specifically for cartilage and bone engineering. It is intended for tissue engineers, cell therapists, regenerative medicine scientists and engineers, gene therapist and virologists. Dr. Yu-Chen Hu is a Distinguished Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University and has received the Outstanding Research Award (National Science Council), Asia Research Award (Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan) and Professor Tsai-Teh Lai Award (Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers). He is also a fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) and a member of the Tissue Engineering International & Regenerative Medicine Society (TERMIS)-Asia Pacific Council.
Download or read book Engineering Stem Cells For Tissue Regeneration written by Ngan Huang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue engineering integrates knowledge and tools from biological sciences and engineering for tissue regeneration. A challenge for tissue engineering is to identify appropriate cell sources. The recent advancement of stem cell biology provides enormous opportunities to engineer stem cells for tissue engineering. The impact of stem cell technology on tissue engineering will be revolutionary.This book covers state-of-the-art knowledge on the potential of stem cells for the regeneration of a wide range of tissues and organs, including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, neurological and skin tissues. The technology platforms for studying and engineering stem cells, such as hydrogel and biomaterials development, microfluidics system and microscale patterning, are also illustrated. Regulatory challenges and quality control for clinical translation are also detailed. This book provides an comprehensive update on the advancement in the field of stem cells and regenerative medicine, and serves as a valuable resource for both researchers and students.
Download or read book Mesenchymal Stem Cells Basics and Clinical Application II written by Birgit Weyand and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineered MSCs from Patient-Specific iPS Cells, by Irina Eberle, Mohsen Moslem, Reinhard Henschler, Tobias Cantz Fate of Intravenously Injected Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Significance for Clinical Application, by Beate Wagner, Reinhard Henschler The Implications of Stem Cell Applications for Diseases of the Respiratory System, by Mei Ling Lim, Philipp Jungebluth, Paolo Macchiarini Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Applications in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, by Birgit Weyand, Peter M. Vogt General Principles for the Regeneration of Bone and Cartilage, by Michael Jagodzinski, C. Haasper Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Explored in the Dental Field, by K. M. Fawzy El-Sayed, C. Dörfer, F. Fändrich, F. Gieseler, M. H. Moustafa, H. Ungefroren Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy and Lung Diseases, by Khondoker M. Akram, Sohel Samad, Monica Spiteri, Nicholas R. Forsyth Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Cellular Immunotherapeutics in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, by Claudia Papewalis, Daniela Topolar, Barbara Götz, Stefan Schönberger, Dagmar Dilloo New Cell-Based Therapy Paradigm: Induction of Bone Marrow-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells into Pro-Inflammatory MSC1 and Anti-inflammatory MSC2 Phenotypes, by Aline M. Betancourt Interactions Between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Dendritic Cells, by Grazia Maria Spaggiari, Lorenzo Moretta MSC and Tumors: Homing, Differentiation, and Secretion Influence Therapeutic Potential, by Naomi D’souza, Jorge Sans Burns, Giulia Grisendi, Olivia Candini, Elena Veronesi, Serena Piccinno, Edwin M. Horwitz, Paolo Paolucci, Pierfranco Conte, Massimo Dominici Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current and Future Clinical Use, by Michela Pozzobon, Martina Piccoli, Paolo De Coppi Role of the EU Framework in Regulation of Stem Cell-Based Products, by Giovanni Migliaccio, Cristina Pintus
Download or read book Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering written by Kyriacos A. Athanasiou and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cartilage injuries in children and adolescents are increasingly observed, with roughly 20% of knee injuries in adolescents requiring surgery. In the US alone, costs of osteoarthritis (OA) are in excess of $65 billion per year (both medical costs and lost wages). Comorbidities are common with OA and are also costly to manage. Articular cartilage's low friction and high capacity to bear load makes it critical in the movement of one bone against another, and its lack of a sustained natural healing response has necessitated a plethora of therapies. Tissue engineering is an emerging technology at the threshold of translation to clinical use. Replacement cartilage can be constructed in the laboratory to recapitulate the functional requirements of native tissues. This book outlines the biomechanical and biochemical characteristics of articular cartilage in both normal and pathological states, through development and aging. It also provides a historical perspective of past and current cartilage treatments and previous tissue engineering efforts. Methods and standards for evaluating the function of engineered tissues are discussed, and current cartilage products are presented with an analysis on the United States Food and Drug Administration regulatory pathways that products must follow to market. This book was written to serve as a reference for researchers seeking to learn about articular cartilage, for undergraduate and graduate level courses, and as a compendium of articular cartilage tissue engineering design criteria. Table of Contents: Hyaline Articular Cartilage / Cartilage Aging and Pathology / In Vitro / Bioreactors / Future Directions
Download or read book Controlled Presentation of Genetic Material Within Stem Cell Condensations for Regulation of Cell Behavior for Bone Tissue Engineering written by Alexandra McMillan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an exceedingly high demand for functional bone grafts worldwide. In the United States, more than half a million people receive treatment for bone defects annually [1]. Conventional tissue engineering approaches aim to regenerate damaged tissue by combining transplanted cells with bioactive factors and biomaterial scaffolds. Scaffold-free approaches, including self-assembled high-density cell aggregates, bypass the need for a scaffold to more closely mimic native bone development, with abundant cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Importantly, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate in these scaffold-free aggregates can be directed towards musculoskeletal lineages via presentation of bioactive factors. Gene delivery systems were developed to explore how localized and sustained delivery of genetic material from within MSC aggregates can regulate cell behavior for chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation. MSC aggregates were incorporated with mineral-coated hydroxyapatite microparticles (MCMs) loaded with Lipofectamine-pDNA nanocomplexes for sustained presentation of localized transgenes. MCM-bound pDNA encoding TGF-ß1 (pTGF-ß1) and/or BMP-2 (pBMP-2) embedded in MSC condensations produced localized growth factor capable of driving MSC differentiation, with the aim of recapitulating endochondral ossification. In addition to the presentation of pDNA for upregulation of chondrogenic and osteogenic factors, a delivery platform for short-interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA) was developed to downregulate inhibitors of differentiation. siRNA was complexed with endosmolytic micelle nanoparticles and incorporated within novel, photocrosslinkable dextran microspheres for sustained, tunable release of bioactive siRNA nanoparticles over 28 days. Effective cellular gene knockdown by microsphere-released siRNA was validated in 2D monolayer culture and 3D aggregates. Overall, this work demonstrates the capacity for localized gene therapy to guide MSC differentiation within scaffold-free constructs for application in the engineering of musculoskeletal tissue.
Download or read book Engineering Bone and Cartilage Like Tissue Using Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Protein Scaffolds written by Lorenz Meinel and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bone and Cartilage Regeneration written by Phuc Van Pham and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-09 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable resource discusses clinical applications with effects and side-effects of applications of stem cells in bone and cartilage regeneration. Each chapter is contributed by a pre-eminent scientist in the field and covers such topics as skeletal regeneration by mesenchymal stem cells, clinical improvement of mesenchymal stem cell injection in injured cartilage and osteoarthritis, Good manufacturing practice (GMP), minimal critera of stem cells for clinical applications, future directions of the discussed therapies and much more. Bone & Cartilage Regeneration and the other books in the Stem Cells in Clinical Applications series will be invaluable to scientists, researchers, advanced students and clinicians working in stem cells, regenerative medicine or tissue engineering.
