Download or read book Controlled Synthesis of Polymer Brushes Via Polymer Single Crystal Templates written by Tian Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel synthetic method of polymer brushes using polymer single crystals (PSCs) as solid-state templates is introduced in this study. PSC has a quasi-2D lamellae structure with polymer chains fold back-and-forth perpendicular to the lamellae surfaces. During crystallization, the chain ends are excluded from the unit cell onto the lamellae surfaces, which makes the material extremely versatile in its functionality. Such structure holds the unique capability to harvest nanoparticles, or being immobilized onto macroscopic flat surfaces. After dissolving PSCs in good solvent, polymer brushes are chemically tethered on either nanoparticles or flat macroscopic surfaces. Because the chain-folding structure can be conveniently tailored by changing the molecular weight of polymer and the crystallization temperature, the thickness, grafting density and morphology of resulted polymer brushes can be precisely controlled. As a model system, poly(Îæ-caprolactone) with thiol or alkoxysilane terminal groups was used, and polymer brushes were successfully prepared on both nanoparticles and glass/Au flat surfaces. The structure-property relationships of the as-prepared polymer brushes were studied in detail using multiple characterization techniques. First of all, when functionalizing nanoparticles, by engineering the chain-folding structure of the PSCs, interesting complex nanostructures can be formed by nanoparticles including Janus nanoparticles and nanoparticle dimers. These unique structures render hybrid nanoparticles very interesting responsive behavior which have been studied in detail in this dissertation. When grafted onto a flat surface on the other hand, not only the molecular weight and grafting density can be precisely controlled, the tethering points of a single polymer chain can also be conveniently tailored, resulting polymer brushes with either tail or loop structures. Such difference in brush structure can significantly alter the properties of functional surface. By using atomic force microscopy based force spectroscopy (AFM-FS) and macroscale shear adhesion measurements, it is thus demonstrated that when polymer loops are grafted, the surface could exhibit much stronger adhesion compared with regular polymer tails when free-dangling polymer chains are allowed to interact with the surface, which is believed to mimic the Velcro-like behavior where polymer loops can withhold strong entanglement with free chain ends upon breaking of the physical bonding.
Download or read book Polymer Brushes Derived from Polymer Single Crystals written by Shan Mei and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer brushes are polymer chains densely tethered to substrates or interfaces. Different from free polymer chains, these tethered brushes exhibit unique chain conformations and behaviors, and can be widely used for different applications due to their special properties. Traditional methods for polymer brush synthesis include "grafting-to" and "grafting-from", both with intrinsic limitations. In this dissertation, polymer single crystals (PSCs) were used as templates to synthesize polymer brushes. Polymer brushes can be obtained on single crystal surface by crystallization of block copolymers, or by coupling PSCs with functional chain ends onto a substrate. Due to the regular chain packing in PSCs and the programmable crystal growth, polymer brushes derived from PSCs can possess controllable grafting density, tethering points, and brush architectures. In this dissertation, a series of polymer brushes with various chain compositions/architectures were synthesized via the PSC-templating method. The first example is the synthesis of patterned poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) gradient brushes. The grafting density of PEO brushes was precisely tuned by co-crystallization of end dissimilar PEO polymers, and various gradient patterns were obtained by programming the PEO crystal growth. Block-copolymer brushes using poly(L-lactic acid)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PLLA-b-PEO) were synthesized by using PSCs of a triblock copolymer with a long tethering segment to obtain a high grafting efficiency. Binary poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) / polystyrene (PS) mixed brushes were synthesized using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) stereocomplex single crystals as the templates. Stereocomplex structure prevented the formation of macrophase separation of the two immiscible polymers, and resulted in a homogeneous mixing of two polymer brushes. The resulting mixed PEO/PS brushes exhibited the characteristic ripple and dimple phase structures in response to different solvents. Lastly, patterned poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) brushes on PEO single crystals were used to assemble gold nano particles (AuNPs) into free standing frame structure with precisely tunable sizes. The synthesized AuNP frames exhibited special optical property, which was observed only in gold nano rods but not AuNPs, indicating the importance of a controlled assembly structure in discovering new properties of NPs. Keywords: polymer, polymer brush, polymer crystallization, polymer single crystal
Download or read book Organization and Orientation of Rod type Polymer Brushes in Different Brush Architectures Under Solvent Treatments written by Hai Quang Tran and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer brushes covalently attached to surfaces have been comprehensively studied for the last two decades since they can effectively transform surface properties for a variety of applications. However, the majority of previous studies have been focused on coil-type polymer brushes, so there is a lack of understanding in the behavior and molecular organization (e.g. conformation) of the equally important rod-type brushes when subjected to external factors such as solvent conditions or temperature. In this study, we found that for polypeptide rod-type brushes the polymer tilt angle from the surface normal changed as a function of brush thickness. Moreover, the number and nature of rod assemblies decreased while the size increased with increasing brush thickness. We showed that rod organization and orientation was strongly dependent on the conditions of a quenching process, depending on factors such as solvent miscibility and extraction rate. We also demonstrated polymer rigidity was crucial to the vertical orientation of the polypeptide. Additionally, polypeptide brushes can induce a change in liquid crystal (LC) orientation through a dispersion interaction, and the LC orientation was also proportional to the tilt of the polypeptide. Moreover, in mixed rod-coil brushes, before solvent quenching, coil brushes decreased the polypeptide tilt angle from the surface normal, resulting in a higher film thickness while after solvent quenching, coil brushes increased the number, but lowered the size of rod assemblies. We also studied nanopatterned polypeptide brushes prepared with electron beam lithography. Polypeptide brushes formed well-defined nanostructures inside pattern boundaries. Both the number of rod assemblies and brush thickness increased with pattern size. When the distance between adjacent patterns was comparable to polymer length, polymer bridges formed due to the interaction between polymer chains of adjacent patterns. The polymer bridges were alleviated by the addition of coil brushes into the otherwise empty areas. Mixed rod-coil brushes of mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymer (MJLCP) and fluorinated polymer was studied. The high immiscibility between the polymers was crucial to the formation of rod assemblies whose size increased with increasing MJLCP thickness. The number of rod assemblies increased with thicker fluorinated brushes. Surface morphology can be tuned by controlling thickness of the two polymers. We also demonstrated coil brush synthesis without a typical deoxygenation step via surface initiated- single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SI-SET-LRP). Various polymers and brush architectures could be produced with this method.
Download or read book Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes written by Omar Azzaroni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serves as a guide for seasoned researchers and students alike, who wish to learn about the cross-fertilization between biology and materials that is driving this emerging area of science This book covers the most relevant topics in basic research and those having potential technological applications for the field of biopolymer brushes. This area has experienced remarkable increase in development of practical applications in nanotechnology and biotechnology over the past decade. In view of the rapidly growing activity and interest in the field, this book covers the introductory features of polymer brushes and presents a unifying and stimulating overview of the theoretical aspects and emerging applications. It immerses readers in the historical perspective and the frontiers of research where our knowledge is increasing steadily—providing them with a feeling of the enormous potential, the multiple applications, and the many up-and-coming trends behind the development of macromolecular interfaces based on the use of polymer brushes. Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes: Fundamentals and Applications in Materials offers chapters on: Functionalization of Surfaces Using Polymer Brushes; Polymer Brushes by ATRP and Surface-Mediated RAFT Polymerization for Biological Functions; Electro-Induced Copper Catalyzed Surface Modification with Monolayer and Polymer Brush; Polymer Brushes on Flat and Curved Substrates; Biomimetic Anchors for Antifouling Polymer Brush Coating; Glycopolymer Brushes Presenting Sugars in Their Natural Form; Smart Surfaces Modified with Phenylboronic Acid-Containing Polymer Brushes; DNA Brushes; Polymer Brushes as Interfacial Materials for Soft Metal Conductors and Electronics; and more. Presents a comprehensive theory/simulation section that will be valuable for all readers Includes chapters not only on the biological applications of polymer brushes but also on biological systems that resemble polymer brushes on flat surfaces Addresses applications in coatings, friction, sensors, microelectromechanical systems, and biomaterials Devotes particular attention to the functional aspects of hybrid nanomaterials employing polymer brushes as functional units Polymer and Biopolymer Brushes: Fundamentals and Applications in Materials is aimed at both graduate students and researchers new to this subject as well as scientists already engaged in the study and development of polymer brushes.
Download or read book Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis of Polymers written by Dieter A. Schlüter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-14 with total page 1229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are huge macromolecules composed of repeating structural units. While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a large class of natural and synthetic materials. Due to the extraordinary range of properties accessible, polymers have come to play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life - from plastics and elastomers on the one hand to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins on the other hand. The study of polymer science begins with understanding the methods in which these materials are synthesized. Polymer synthesis is a complex procedure and can take place in a variety of ways. This book brings together the "Who is who" of polymer science to give the readers an overview of the large field of polymer synthesis. It is a one-stop reference and a must-have for all Chemists, Polymer Chemists, Chemists in Industry, and Materials Scientists.
Download or read book Solution Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices written by Beata Luszczynska and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides first-hand insights into advanced fabrication techniques for solution processable organic electronics materials and devices The field of printable organic electronics has emerged as a technology which plays a major role in materials science research and development. Printable organic electronics soon compete with, and for specific applications can even outpace, conventional semiconductor devices in terms of performance, cost, and versatility. Printing techniques allow for large-scale fabrication of organic electronic components and functional devices for use as wearable electronics, health-care sensors, Internet of Things, monitoring of environment pollution and many others, yet-to-be-conceived applications. The first part of Solution-Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices covers the synthesis of: soluble conjugated polymers; solution-processable nanoparticles of inorganic semiconductors; high-k nanoparticles by means of controlled radical polymerization; advanced blending techniques yielding novel materials with extraordinary properties. The book also discusses photogeneration of charge carriers in nanostructured bulk heterojunctions and charge carrier transport in multicomponent materials such as composites and nanocomposites as well as photovoltaic devices modelling. The second part of the book is devoted to organic electronic devices, such as field effect transistors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaics, photodiodes and electronic memory devices which can be produced by solution-based methods, including printing and roll-to-roll manufacturing. The book provides in-depth knowledge for experienced researchers and for those entering the field. It comprises 12 chapters focused on: ? novel organic electronics components synthesis and solution-based processing techniques ? advanced analysis of mechanisms governing charge carrier generation and transport in organic semiconductors and devices ? fabrication techniques and characterization methods of organic electronic devices Providing coverage of the state of the art of organic electronics, Solution-Processable Components for Organic Electronic Devices is an excellent book for materials scientists, applied physicists, engineering scientists, and those working in the electronics industry.
Download or read book Biomineralization written by Stephen Mann and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organic Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials written by Susheel Kalia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.
Download or read book Advances in Nanomaterials and Nanostructures written by Kathy Lu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains 17 papers from the Controlled Processing of Nanoparticle-based Materials and Nanostructured Films; Nanotechnology for Energy, Healthcare, and Industry; and Nanolaminated Ternary Carbides and Nitrides (MAX Phases) symposia held during the 2010 Materials Science and Technology (MS&T'10) meeting, October 17-21, 2010, Houston, Texas. Topics include: Direct Manufacturing; Low Dimension Nanomaterials; Processing and Sintering; Thin Films; Nanolaminated Ternary Carbides and Nitrides (MAX Phases); and Novel Nanomaterial Approaches.
Download or read book Synthesis Techniques for Polymer Nanocomposites written by Vikas Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book series 'Polymer Nano-, Micro- and Macrocomposites' provides complete and comprehensive information on all important aspects of polymer composite research and development, including, but not limited to synthesis, filler modification, modeling, characterization as well as application and commercialization issues. Each book focuses on a particular topic and gives a balanced in-depth overview of the respective subfield of polymer composite science and its relation to industrial applications. With the books the readers obtain dedicated resources with information relevant to their research, thereby helping to save time and money. Summarizing all the most important synthesis techniques used in the lab as well as in industry, this book is comprehensive in its coverage from chemical, physical and mechanical viewpoints. This book helps readers to choose the correct synthesis route, such as suspension and miniemulsion polymerization, living polymerization, sonication, mechanical methods or the use of radiation, and so achieve the desired composite properties.
Download or read book Handbook of Biomineralization written by Peter Behrens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first comprehensive overview of the modern aspects of biomineralization represents life and materials science at its best: Bioinspired pathways are the hot topics in many disciplines and this holds especially true for biomineralization. Here, the editors -- well-known members of associations and prestigious institutes -- have assembled an international team of renowned authors to provide first-hand research results. This second volume deals with biometic model systems in biomineralization, including the biomineral approach to bionics, bioinspired materials synthesis and bio-supported materials chemistry, encapsulation and the imaging of internal nanostructures of biominerals. An interdisciplinary must-have account, for biochemists, bioinorganic chemists, lecturers in chemistry and biochemistry, materials scientists, biologists, and solid state physicists.
Download or read book Controlled living Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines recent progress in controlled/living radical polymerization. The volume focuses on three synthetic methods: atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization and degenerative transfer via addition fragmentation. In addition, the volume covers the preparation and characterization of many never before seen materials using ATRP, NMP and RAFT.
Download or read book Applications of Polymers written by Raymond Seymour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural polymers, such as proteins, starch, cellulose, hevea rubber, and gum which have been available for centuries, have been applied as materials for food, leather, sizings, fibers, structures, waterproofing, and coatings. During the past century, the use of both natural and syn thetic polymers has been expanded to include more intricate applications, such as membranes, foams, medicinals, conductors, insulators, fibers, films, packaging and applications requiring high modulus at elevated temperatures. The topics in this symposium which are summarized in this book are illustrative of some of the myriad applications of these ubiquitous mater ials. As stated in forecast in the last chapter in this book, it is cer tain that revolutionary applications of polymers will occur during the next decades. Hopefully, information presented in other chapters in this book will catalyze some of these anticipated applications. It is appropriate that these reports were presented at an American Chemical Society Polymer Science and Engineering Division Award Symposium honoring Dr. O.A. Battista who has gratifying to note that Phillips Pet roleum Company, which has paved the way in applications of many new poly mers, is the sponsor of this important award. We are all cheerfully expressing our thanks to this corporate spon sor and to Distinguished Professor Raymond B. Seymour of the University of Southern Mississippi who served as the organizer of this symposium and editor of this important book.
Download or read book Controlled living Radical Polymerization written by Krzysztof Matyjaszewski and published by Academic. This book was released on 2009 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent progress in the field of controlled/living radical polymerization.
Download or read book Biomimetic Polymers written by C.G. Gebelein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term biomimetic is comparatively new on the chemical scene, but the concept has been utilized by chemists for many years. Furthermore, the basic idea of making a synthetic material that can imitate the func tions of natural materials probably could be traced back into antiquity. From the dawn of creation, people have probably attempted to duplicate or modify the activities of the natural world. (One can even find allusions to these attempts in the Bible; e. g. , Genesis 30. ) The term "mimetic" means to imitate or mimic. The word "mimic" means to copy closely, or to imitate accurately. Biomimetic, which has not yet entered most dictionaries, means to imitate or mimic some specific bio logical function. Usually, the objective of biomimetics is to form some useful material without the need of utilizing living systems. In a simi lar manner, the term biomimetic polymers means creating synthetic poly mers which imitate the activity of natural bioactive polymers. This is a major advance in polymer chemistry because the natural bioactive polymers are the basis of life itself. Thus, biomimetic polymers imitate the life process in many ways. This present volume delineates some of the recent progress being made in this vast field of biomimetic polymers. Chemists have been making biomimetic polymers for more than fifty years, although this term wasn't used in the early investigations.
Download or read book Surface Initiated Polymerization I written by Rainer Jordan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 Y. Tsujii, K. Ohno, S. Yamamoto, A. Goto, T. Fukuda: Structure and Properties of High-Density Polymer Brushes Prepared by Surface-Initiated Living Radical Polymerization.- 2 D.J. Dyer: Photoinitiated Synthesis of Grafted Polymers.- 3 T. Matsuda: Photoiniferter-Driven Precision Surface Graft Microarchitectures for Biomedical Applications.- 4 R. Advincula: Polymer Brushes by Anionic and Cationic Surface Initiated Polymerization.- 5 M.R. Buchmeiser: Metathesis Polymerization From and To Surfaces.-
