Download or read book Measuring Entrepreneurial Businesses written by John Haltiwanger and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-09-21 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring Entrepreneurial Businesses: Current Knowledge and Challenges brings together and unprecedented group of economists, data providers, and data analysts to discuss research on the state of entrepreneurship and to address the challenges in understanding this dynamic part of the economy. Each chapter addresses the challenges of measuring entrepreneurship and how entrepreneurial firms contribute to economies and standards of living. The book also investigates heterogeneity in entrepreneurs, challenges experienced by entrepreneurs over time, and how much less we know than we think about entrepreneurship given data limitations. This volume will be a groundbreaking first serious look into entrepreneurship in the NBER's Income and Wealth series.
Download or read book Contribution of Information and Communication Technologies to Growth written by Christine Zhen-Wei Qiang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation 'Contribution of Information and Communication Technologies to Growth' is part of the World Bank Working Paper series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research and to stimulate public discussion. The worldwide development of information and communication technology (ICT) has accelerated dramatically over the past decade. Technological advances and increased competition have led to falling prices for ICT goods and services, which has provided a strong incentive to replace other forms of capital and labor with information technology equipment. Increased ICT production and use has the potential to create job opportunities, transfer skills, and increase efficiency and transparency in politics and business, and therefore, contribute to economic growth. This paper focuses on the linkage between ICT and output growth. It summarizes findings in the literature on the contribution of information and communication technology to economic growth arising from capital deepening and increases in total factor productivity. The paper contains: - The methodologies used to evaluate the different ways ICT influences productivity growth; - A critical assessment of the magnitude of ICT's contribution to growth in various countries; - A summary of the key factors that increase and obstruct ICT expansion; and - An outline of the challenges developing countries face in maximizing ICT's contribution to growth and policy recommendations aimed at surmounting these challenges.
Download or read book A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Development written by Klaus Gründler and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-08 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are some nations rich and others poor? What are the sources of long-run economic development and growth? How can living standards be increased? In this book, Klaus Gründler empirically analyses these central economic questions and puts a particular emphasis on the role of technology, inequality, and political institutions. To substantiate his empirical studies, he introduces a new method to compute composite measures and indices that is based on mathematical algorithms from the field of machine learning.
Download or read book The architecture of the Sudanese agricultural sector and its contribution to the economy between 1990 and 2021 written by Alhelo, Alzaki and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-06-07 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper reviews the performance of the Sudanese agricultural sector over the last three decades (1990 through 2021) and examines the drivers of that performance. Key findings show that the sector’s contribution to gross domestic product was greater during the 1990–1999 period than during the other two decades; agricultural productivity as well was higher in that decade than in the subsequent two decades. The sector has remained a major source of employment and livelihood. During the last decade reviewed (2010–2021), the sector regained its leading position as a generator of foreign currency. Public investment in agriculture and government spending allocated to the sector were lower than in other countries in the region. Political elites have generally lacked commitment to development plans in the sector. Political developments in Sudan have disrupted more recent efforts to revitalize the sector. Climate change, as manifested in rising temperature, declining rainfall, and drought, is a substantial determinant currently affecting the sector. The paper discusses some broad recommendations for improving the performance of the Sudanese agricultural sector.
Download or read book Contribution Limitations and Independent Expenditures written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on House Administration. Task Force on Elections and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright Based Industries Series no 2 written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2013-08-26 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication constitutes the second volume of the National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries, Creative Industries Series. It contains the results of five national studies representing the contribution of the creative sector - in terms of value-added, employment, and foreign trade - in the Philippines, Mexico, Jamaica, Bulgaria and Lebanon. The publication reviews the contribution of economic activities based on copyright and related rights to the creation of national value added, employment and trade in selected countries and broadens the scope of WIPO-led research on the economic aspects of copyright.
Download or read book G20 Contribution to the 2030 Agenda Progress and Way Forward written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-07 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world's premier forum for international economic co-operation, the G20 plays a critical role in helping to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Based on robust evidence and available data, this report examines how the G20's contributions to the global goals across key sectors are already making a difference, while also suggesting where it could go further in leading by example to support the global goals. Collectively, G20 members account for around 85% of global gross domestic product, 75% of world trade and 80% of global carbon dioxide emissions – to name just a few areas of the G20's influence. This report, commissioned by the Government of Japan in support of its 2019 G20 Presidency, takes stock of the G20's progress to date against its Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Download or read book National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright Based Industries Series no 8 written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2014-12-09 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 8th volume of national studies on the economic contribution of the copyright- based industries offers economic analysis on the size of the copyright industries in Argentina, Indonesia, Member States of the Organization of the East Caribbean States, Serbia and Turkey. The publication reviews the contribution of economic activities based on copyright and related rights to the creation of national value added, employment and trade in selected countries and broadens the scope of WIPO-led research on the economic aspects of copyright.
Download or read book The Contribution of Technology to Added Value written by António S.C Fernandes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a wide consensus that introduction of technology to the production process contributes to an overall economic value, however, confusion between technology, knowledge and capital often makes value calculations ambiguous and non-objective. The Contribution of Technology to Added Value addresses not only this issue of definition but also provides a production model to assess the value contribution of technology within the production process. A clarification of fundamental semantics provides a significant taxonomy for technology dependence, and allows understanding and modeling of how knowledge, technology and capital individually contribute to production and to value adding. A new technology dependence taxonomy is proposed and assessed following chapters explaining growth models, the KTC model and technology index values. Balancing theoretical knowledge with real-world data and applications The Contribution of Technology to Added Value clarifies the issue of value adding for a range of different viewpoints and purposes; from academic to industry and service across engineering, economics and management.
Download or read book Progress and Challenges of Nonfinancial Defined Contribution Pension Schemes written by Robert Holzmann and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The individual account-based but unfunded approach to mandated public pension systems is a reform benchmark for all pension schemes, promising fair and financially sustainable benefits. Nonfinancial defined contribution (NDC) pension schemes originated in Italy and Sweden in the 1990s, were then adopted by Latvia, Norway, and Poland, envisaged but not implemented in various other countries, such as Egypt and Russia, and remain under discussion in many nations around the world, such as China and France. In its complete form, the approach also comprises budget-financed basic income provisions and mandated or voluntary funded provisions. Volume 1 of this book offers an assessment of countries that were early adopters before addressing key aspects of policy implementation and design review, including how best to combine basic income provisions with an NDC scheme, how to deal with heterogeneity in longevity, and how to adjust NDC scheme design and labor market policies to deliver on reform expectations. Volume 2 addresses a second set of issues, including the gender pension gap and what family policies can do about it within the NDC framework, labor market issues and administrative challenges of NDC schemes and how countries are coping, the role of communication in these pension schemes, the complexity of cross-border pension taxation, and much more. Progress and Challenges of Nonfinancial Defined Contribution Pension Schemes is the third in a series of books analyzing the progress, challenges, and adjustment options of this reform revolution for mandated public pension systems. 'Pension reform is a major issue in many countries. The development of the nonfinancial defined contribution pension plan in the 90's was a major advance in pension design. By reporting actual country experiences and exploring properties of plan designs, this latest collection of essays is a valuable contribution, well worth reading.' Peter Diamond Professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 2010 winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 'A highly stimulating publication for policy makers and researchers alike. It pushes the analytical frontier for policy challenges that all public pension schemes are confronted with but that the nonfinancial defined contribution approach promises to handle best.' Noriyuki Takayama President, Research Institute for Policies on Pension and Aging, Tokyo, and professor emeritus, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo 'In a changing world where pensions are more than ever linked to labor markets, communication tools, and flexibility considerations, this anthology provides a unique up-to-date analysis of nonfinancial defined contribution pension schemes. By mixing international experiences and theoretical studies, it demonstrates the high adaptability of such pension schemes to changing social challenges.' Pierre Devolder Professor of Finance and Actuarial Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Development Economics written by Machiko Nissanke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-12 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook responds to the needs and aspirations of current and future generations of development economists by providing critical reference material alongside or in relation to mainstream propositions. Despite the potential of globalisation in accelerating growth and development in low and middle-income countries through the spread of technology, knowledge and information, its current practice in many parts of the world has led to processes that are socially, economically and politically and ecologically unsustainable. It is critical for development economists to engage with the pivotal question of how to change the nature and course of globalisation to make it work for inclusive and sustainable development. Applying a critical and pluralistic approach, the chapters in this Handbook examine economics of development paths under globalisation, focusing on sustainable development in social, environmental, institutional and political economy dimensions. It aims at advancing the frontier of development economics in these key aspects and generating more refined policy perspectives. It is critically reflective in examining effects of globalisation on development paths to date, and in terms of methodological and analytical approaches, as well as forward-thinking in policy perspectives with a view to laying a foundation for sustainable development.
Download or read book National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright Based Industries Series no 5 written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication constitutes the fifth volume of National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright-Based Industries, Creative Industries Series and contains the studies carried out in China, Finland, Pakistan, Panama and Slovenia. The publication reviews the contribution of economic activities based on copyright and related rights to the creation of national value added, employment and trade in selected countries and broadens the scope of WIPO-led research on the economic aspects of copyright.
Download or read book Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Past Current and Future Pathophysiologic Concepts and Their Contribution to Understanding Lung Disease written by Anne Hilgendorff and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-29 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying neonatal Chronic Lung Disease in the preterm infant, also known as Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, has led to pathophysiologic concepts which enable a more profound understanding of the disease and generate treatment strategies allowing for the improvement of structural and functional pulmonary outcome. Here, both clinical studies as well as animal models have cross-fertilized each other, translating the definition of clinical needs and the identification of important variables from bench to bedside and back. Elaborate animal models have been designed and refined following different aims reaching from the understanding of relevant pathways as well as the investigation of clinically meaningful treatment strategies. By the use of large study cohorts, significant relationships between risk factors and their confounders could be identified, impacting both research aims and clinical routine. First, following current topics in the field the research topic will enrich the knowledge and discussion concerning different pathophysiologic concepts by addressing the most important topics either by review articles or the publication of new and relevant original data. The invitation of outstanding researchers will provide a body of excellent data with respect to the endothelial, epithelial and mesenchymal cell compartment, the role of stem cells and the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, articles on long-term effects as well as the understanding of injury through hyperoxia and ventilation/stretch as well as infection and inflammation will cover the current concepts of injury imposed on the developing lung with relevance to the disease. With this overview, the current research topics in the field of BPD will be comprehensively covered. Second, in an area of expert`s opinion added to every chapter, we will follow our strong belief that our understanding of BPD pathophysiology can in the same time profit from input of other areas in lung research as well as enrich current concepts from research fields addressing further developmental as well as adult lung diseases. In order to better understand important aspects of BPD research as well as to question current concepts from a new perspective, the opening of different fields of lung research towards each other will be the second key focus of each article. In short, every chapter will i) focus on pathophysiologic models of the past, present and future that evolved to better understand BPD by the use of original data or as a review (Expert Review/Article) and ii) enlighten relevant parallels to other lung diseases by pointing out contributions where the field of BPD can contribute to the understanding of other pediatric and adult lung diseases or would benefit from the integration of concepts known in related fields of research (Expert Opinion).
Download or read book The contribution of services to development and the role of trade liberalisation and regulation written by and published by Overseas Dev't Institute. This book was released on 2008 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Studies on Assessing the Economic Contribution of the Copyright Based Industries Series no 1 written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2006 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication brings together the results of five national studies that were carried out in Canada, Hungary, Latvia, Singapore and the United States of America. The publication reviews the contribution of economic activities based on copyright and related rights to the creation of national value added, employment and trade in selected countries and broadens the scope of WIPO-led research on the economic aspects of copyright.
Download or read book Nonfinancial Defined Contribution Pension Schemes in a Changing Pension World written by Robert Holzmann and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pensions are under scrutiny worldwide in view of increasing life expectancy and adverse demographics. This volume offers an overview of unfunded individual accounts introduced in the mid-1990s in Italy, Latvia, Poland and Sweden in order to assure a successful adulthood and an even better start for the off-springs.
Download or read book Increase in Government s Contribution Under Federal Employees Health Benefits Program Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Retirement and Employee Benefits of 94 1 April 22 May 13 14 15 1975 written by United States. Congress. House. Post Office and Civil Service Committee and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
