Download or read book Contribution l tude de la distance d extinction et du coefficient d absorption des lectrons pour diff rentes orientations des cristaux written by Annie Mazel and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'interaction des électrons avec la matière cristallisée constitue un domaine de recherches très important en microscopie électronique. L'áccroissement de la tension accélératrice des électrons a permis de développer l'étude de nombreux phénomènes observés tant en microscopie qu'en diffraction électronique. [...] Notre étude porte sur le diamant et l'oxyde de magnesium. Nous utilisons pour nos expériences des cristaux en forme de coin délimité par des faces planes. Dans ce cas, les contours d'extinction correspondent à des franges d'égale épaisseur. L'analyse de la répartition d'intensité dans ces franges permet de déterminer à la fois th et [mu]o. Ce mémoire comprend sept chapitres : Nous rappelons d'abord les résultats d'une première étude de l'absorption des électrons par la matière cristallisée, effectuée pour des tensions comprises entre 50 et 1200 kV. [...] Nous consacrons le second chapitre à l'étude de la distance d'extinction en théorie dynamique à deux faisceaux et à plusieurs faisceaux. [...] Dans le 3e chapitre, nous analysons les phénomènes d'absorption des électrons dans le cas de l'approximation à deux ondes, à l'aide d'une théorie phénoménologique. [...] L'étude de l'interaction des électrons avec des cristaux de diamant pour des tensions accélératrices comprises entre 100 et 1200 kV, fait l'ojet du 4e chapitre. [...]. Nous avons remarqué au cours de nos expériences, que la présence de réflexions intenses, appelées réflexions simultanées, modifie les valeurs de la distance d'extinction et du coefficient moyen d'absorption. C'est la raison pour laquelle nous consacrons une étude particulière à ces réflexions dans le chapitre V. [...] Nous étudions, dans le 6e chapitre, la distance d'extinction et le coefficient moyen d'absorption dans le cas où la condition de Bragg n'est pas vérifiée pour la réflexion considérée. [...] Dans le 7e chapitre, figure l'étude de la variation de la distance d'extinction en fonction de la tension accélératrice pour deux orientations particulères des cristaux d'oxyde de magnésium [...]

Download or read book Contribution l tude de la distance d extinction et du coefficient d absorption des lectrons pour diff rentes orientations des cristaux written by Annie Mazel (docteur ès sciences.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contribution L tude de la Distance D extinction Et Du Co fficient D absorption Des lectrons Pour Deff rentes Orientations Des Cristaux written by Annie Mazel and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal de microscopie written by and published by . This book was released on 1970-11 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contribution l tude de l interaction des lectrons avec la mati re cirstallis e distance d extinction et coefficient d absorption written by René Ayroles and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contribution l tude de l interaction des lectrons avec la mati re cristallis e distance d extinction et co fficient d absorption tensions comprises entre 50 et 1200 kilovolts written by René Ayroles and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Exchange Reactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Morphology of Crystals written by Ichiro Sunagawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 1988-02-29 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular mechanisms underlying the fact that a crystal can take a variety of external forms is something we have come to understand only in the last few decades. This is due to recent developments in theoretical and experimental investigations of crystal growth mechanisms. Morphology of Crystals is divided into three separately available volumes. Part A contains chapters on roughening transition; equilibrium form; step pattern theory; modern PBC; and surface microtopography. This part provides essentially theoretical treatments of the problem, particularly the solid-liquid interface. Part B contains chapters on ultra-fine particles; minerals; transition from polyhedral to dendrite; theory of dendrite; and snow crystals. All chapters are written by world leaders in their respective areas, and some can be seen as representing the essence of a life's work. This is the first English-language work which covers all aspects of the morphology of crystals - a topic which has attracted top scientific minds for centuries. As such, it is indispensable for anyone seeking an answer to a question relating to this fascinating problem: mineralogists, petrologists, crystallographers, materials scientists, workers in solid-state physics and chemistry, etc. In Parts A: Fundamentals and B: Fine Particles, Minerals and Snow equilibrium and kinetic properties of crystals are generally approached from an `atomistic' point of view. In contrast, Part C: The Geometry of Crystal Growth follows the alternative and complementary `geometrical' description, where bulk phases are considered as continuous media and their interfaces as mathematical surfaces with orientation-dependent properties. Equations of motion for a crystal surface are expressed in terms of vector and tensor operators working on surface free energy and growth rate, both expressed as functions of surface orientation and driving force, or `affinity' for growth. This approach emphasizes the interrelation between equilibrium and kinetic behavior. Part 1 establishes the theoretical framework. Part 2 gives a construction toolbox for explicit (analytic) functions. An extra chapter is devoted to experimental techniques for measuring such functions: a new approach to sphere growth experiments. The emphasis throughout is on principles and new concepts. Audience: Advanced readers familiar with traditional aspects of crystal growth theory. Can be used as the basis for an advanced course, provided supplementation is provided in the areas of atomistic models of the advancing surface, diffusion fields, etc.

Download or read book Optically Anomalous Crystals written by Alexander Shtukenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book begins with an historical introduction covering the contributions of many distinguished crystallographers. From this follows a tutorial in crystal optics. Further chapters discuss the two main mechanisms of optical dissymmetry, the piezo-optic effect and the kinetic ordering of atoms. The book treats the literature comprehensively, but uses illustrations from the authors’ laboratories as the subjects of detailed analyses.

Download or read book Optical Properties Of Graphene written by Rolf Binder and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview of the optical properties of graphene. During the past decade, graphene, the most ideal and thinnest of all two-dimensional materials, has become one of the most widely studied materials. Its unique properties hold great promise to revolutionize many electronic, optical and opto-electronic devices. The book contains an introductory tutorial and 13 chapters written by experts in areas ranging from fundamental quantum mechanical properties to opto-electronic device applications of graphene.

Download or read book The Origin of Clay Minerals in Soils and Weathered Rocks written by Bruce B. Velde and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-18 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of huge relevance in a number of fields, this is a survey of the different processes of soil clay mineral formation and the consequences of these processes concerning the soil ecosystem, especially plant and mineral. Two independent systems form soil materials. The first is the interaction of rocks and water, unstable minerals adjusting to surface conditions. The second is the interaction of the biosphere with clays in the upper parts of alteration profiles.

Download or read book Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems written by H. Fröhlich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in this volume are based on papers presented at the International Symposium in Bad Neuenahr November 29 - December 1, 1982. The meeting was directed by H. Frohlich and was sponsored by IBM Deutschland through its Science and Education Programs Department. Contents Coherence in Biology H. Frohlich . Coherent Excitations and Raman Effect F. Drissler and L. Santo (With 4 Figures) 6 The Non-thermal Effect of Millimeter Wave Radiation on the Puffing of Giant Chromosomes F. Kremer, C. Koschnitzke, L. Santo, P. Quick, and A. Poglitsch (With 4 Figures) 10 Nonthermal Resonant Effects of 42 GHz Microwaves on the Growth of Yeast Cultures W. Grundler, F. Keilmann, V. Putterlik, L. Santo, D. Strube, and I. Zimmermann (With 15 Figures) 21 On the Microwave Response of the Drosophila Melanogaster G. Nimtz (With 5 Figures) 38 Effects of Low-level Millimeter Waves on Cellular and Subcellular Systems S. M. Motzkin, L. Benes, N. Block, B. Israel, N. May, J. Kuriyel, L. Birenbaum, S. Rosenthal, and Q. Han (With 12 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Millimeter-wave and Far-infrared Spec roscopy on Biological Macromolecules L. Genzel, F. Kremer, A. Poglitsch, and G. Bechtold (With 10 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Excitation of Proteins by Electric Fields J. B. Hasted, S. K. Husain, A. Y. Ko, D. Rosen, E. Nicol, and J. R. Birch (With 8 Figures) 71 Isotope Effects and Collective Excitations M. U. Palma (With 3 Figures) 84 Long-range Energy Continua in the Living Cell: Protochemical Considerations G. R. Welch and M. N. Berry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Download or read book Adhesion Between Polymers and Concrete Adh sion Entre Polym res Et B ton written by H. R. Sasse and published by Springer. This book was released on 1986 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface Adhesion is a phenomenon architects and civil engineers are not very familiar with. In other disciplines knowledge about surface properties and the background of bonding energies is also far from satisfactory; nevertheless there are many important· applications in concrete engineering, where adhesion is necessary for success and durability. These include: - coating and painting - repair of concrete surfaces - bonding of fresh to old concrete - crack injection - glueing of precast elements - glueing of steel to concrete, etc. In 1981 RILEM established the technical committee 52-RAC 'Resin Adherence to Concrete'. The main aims of the committee's work were - to collect research results and practical experiences - to initiate and coordinate research programs - to develop, on a scientific base, test methods for field and for laboratory purposes. One of the results of the committee's work is a state-of-the-art report, which will be presented orally as a General Report at the International Symposium ISAP '86, and will be printed either in the RILEM journal Materials and Structures or separately. Several test recommendations have been elaborated and will be prepared as drafts for the participants ofISAP '86. These are: - direct tensile test - pull-off test - direct shear test - slant shear test - four-point bending test - dynamic loading test - thermal compatibility test (two versions) - injectibility test.

Download or read book Theory of X Ray Diffraction in Crystals written by William H. Zachariasen and published by Dover Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic by one of the great figures in x-ray structure analysis provides a vigorous mathematical treatment of its subject. Addresses such fundamentals as crystal faces and edges, the lattice postulate, lattice rows and panes, as well as point, translation, and space groups. 1945 edition.

Download or read book Surface and Interface Chemistry of Clay Minerals written by Robert Schoonheydt and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface and Interface Chemistry of Clay Minerals, Volume 9, delivers a fundamental understanding of the surface and interface chemistry of clay minerals, thus serving as a valuable resource for researchers active in the fields of materials chemistry and sustainable chemistry. Clay minerals, with surfaces ranging from hydrophilic, to hydrophobic, are widely studied and used as adsorbents. Adsorption can occur at the edges and surfaces of clay mineral layers and particles, and in the interlayer region. This diversity in properties and the possibility to tune the surface properties of clay minerals to match the properties of adsorbed molecules is the basis for study. This book requires a fundamental understanding of the surface and interface chemistry of clay minerals, and of the interaction between adsorbate and adsorbent. It is an essential resource for clay scientists, geologists, chemists, physicists, material scientists, researchers, and students. - Presents scientists and engineers with a resource they can rely on for their own research and work involving clay minerals - Includes an in-depth look at ion exchange, adsorption of inorganic and organic molecules, including polymers and proteins, and catalysis occurring at the surfaces of clay minerals - Includes materials chemistry of clay minerals with chiral clay minerals, optical materials and functional films

Download or read book Nonlinear Electrodynamics in Biological Systems written by W. Adey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past half century has seen an extraordinary growth in the fields of cellular and molecular biology. From simple morphologi cal concepts of cells as the essential units of living matter there has been an ever-sharper focus on functional organization of living systems, with emphasis on molecular dynamics. Thus, life forms have come to be defined increasingly in terms of metabolism, growth, reproduction and responses to environmental perturbations. Since these properties occur in varying degrees in systems below the level of cellular organization, there has been a blurring of older models that restricted the concepts of life to cellular systems. At the same time, a search has begun for elemental as pects of molecular and atomic behavior that might better define properties common to all life forms. This search has led to an examination of nonlinear behavior in biological macromolecules, whether in response to electrical or chemical stimulation, for example, or as a means of signaling along a molecular chain, or as a means of energy transfer. Experimental knowledge in this area has grown rapidly in the past decade, and in some respects has outstripped theoretical models adequate to ex plain these new observations. Nevertheless, it can be claimed that there is now an impressive body of experiments implicating non linear, nonequilibrium processes as fundamental steps in sequential operations of biological systems.

Download or read book Alpha particle Calibrations written by J. M. R. Hutchinson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: