Download or read book CONTRIBUTION A LA VALORISATION CHIMIQUE DIRECTE DU GAZ NATUREL written by PATRICE.. FRANCO and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INJECTE DANS DES GAZ DE COMBUSTION CHAUDS, LE METHANE REAGIT SELON DEUX VOIES PRINCIPALES: FORMATION D'HYDROCARBURES SUPERIEURS (PRINCIPALEMENT DE L'ACETYLENE) ET REFORMAGE (FORMATION PRINCIPALEMENT D'OXYDE DE CARBONE). DES SUIES ET DES HYDROCARBURES AROMATIQUES POLYCYCLIQUES SONT EGALEMENT OBSERVES EN FAIBLES PROPORTIONS. LA MISE AU POINT D'UN MODELE DE CINETIQUE CHIMIQUE DETAILLE VIENT COMPLETER L'ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE. LE MODELE DECRIT L'OXYDATION ET LA PYROLYSE DU METHANE PAR UN ENSEMBLE DE 461 REACTIONS ELEMENTAIRES. LA FORMATION DES SUIES EST REPRESENTEE PAR UN INDICE DE SUIE EGAL A LA FRACTION DE CARBONE PRESENT SOUS FORME DE BENZENE ET DE CYCLOPENTADIENE. LA VALIDATION DU MODELE A ETE FAITE PAR COMPARAISON AVEC DES RESULTATS EXPERIMENTAUX PUBLIES. CE MODELE CONFIRME LES RESULTATS OBTENUS AU PLAN EXPERIMENTAL ET PERMET DE SIMULER DES CONFIGURATIONS IMPOSSIBLES A ATTEINDRE SUR UNE INSTALLATION DE LABORATOIRE. IL PERMET EGALEMENT DE COMPARER DIVERS MODES DE PYROLYSE ET, EN PARTICULIER, DE CONFIRMER L'INTERET DE L'INJECTION DANS DES GAZ CHAUDS PAR RAPPORT A L'ECHANGE DE CHALEUR A TRAVERS UNE PAROI POUR REALISER LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DU METHANE. LE RENDEMENT EN ACETYLENE AUGMENTE AVEC LA TENEUR EN HYDROGENE DES GAZ CHAUDS. L'INDICE DE SUIE PEUT ETRE REDUIT EN CONTROLANT LE TEMPS DE SEJOUR ET EN AUGMENTANT LA TENEUR EN HYDROGENE DES GAZ CHAUDS

Download or read book VALORISATION CHIMIQUE DU METHANE PAR OXYDATION CATALYTIQUE SELECTIVE written by Nicolas Gueritey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LA CONVERSION DU METHANE, PRINCIPAL CONSTITUTANT DU GAZ NATUREL, EN PRODUITS VALORISABLES ET FACILEMENT TRANSPORTABLES CONSTITUE UN ENJEU ECONOMIQUE IMPORTANT. LA REACTION DE COUPLAGE OXYDANT DU METHANE EST UNE DES VOIES LES PLUS ETUDIEES POUR SA TRANSFORMATION DIRECTE EN HYDROCARBURES SUPERIEURS. LE RENDEMENT OBTENU ETANT TROP FAIBLE POUR ENVISAGER UNE EXPLOITATION INDUSTRIELLE, IL EST NECESSAIRE DE MIEUX COMPRENDRE LA REACTION AFIN DE POUVOIR OPTIMISER LES PARAMETRES PHYSIQUES ET CINETIQUES. CETTE REACTION EST EN EFFET COMPLEXE CAR ELLE COMPORTE DES REACTIONS CATALYTIQUES ET DES REACTIONS RADICALAIRES EN PHASE GAZEUSE. C'EST POURQUOI NOTRE OBJECTIF ETAIT DE PROGRESSER DANS LA CONNAISSANCE DU MECANISME PAR UNE ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE METTANT EN JEU TROIS REACTEURS DIFFERENTS PERMETTANT DE FAIRE VARIER SEPAREMENT LES PARAMETRES LIES AU CATALYSEUR OU A LA PHASE GAZEUSE. NOUS AVONS PAR AILLEURS FAIT UNE ETUDE DES PHENOMENES DE DIFFUSION INTERVENANT DANS CES REACTEURS. LA COMPARAISON DES RESULTATS OBTENUS AVEC CES DIFFERENTS REACTEURS A FOURNI DES INFORMATIONS ORIGINALES. NOUS AVONS ALORS PROPOSE UN MECANISME SUSCEPTIBLE DE RENDRE COMPTE DE CETTE REACTION, CE QUI PERMET D'ADAPTER LES PARAMETRES ET LE REACTEUR A LA REACTION ET D'ENVISAGER UNE MODELISATION. NOUS AVONS AINSI MIS AU POINT UN REACTEUR CAPABLE DE DONNER DE BONS RENDEMENT EN COUPLAGE OXYDANT COMME EN GAZ DE SYNTHESE

Download or read book Valorisation chimique du gaz naturel par chloropyrolyse du chlorure de m thyle written by Christophe Lombard and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce travail concerne la valorisation chimique du méthane, principal constituant du gaz naturel. Son but est d'obtenir, à partir de ce dernier, des composés C2 comme le chlorure de vinyle, l'éthylène ou encore l'acétylène. Le méthane est d'abord transformé en un composé plus réactif, le chlorure de méthyle selon des procédés parfaitement définis et maîtrisés. Le chlorure de méthyle est ensuite pyrolysé en présence de dichlore ("chloropyrolyse ") sous la pression atmosphérique, à une température proche de 1 000ʿC, un temps de passage de l'ordre de la dizaine de millisecondes et un rapport initial [CI2]/[CH3CI] inférieur à 0,2. Le réacteur utilisé est de géométrie annulaire et est suivi d'une trempe indirecte de même géométrie. Il présente un grand rapport surface / volume favorisant les échanges de chaleur. Dans ces conditions, il est possible d'obtenir une conversion proche de 30 % accompagnée d'une sélectivité en dérivés C2 valorisables (C2H3CI + C2H4+ C2H2) de l'ordre de 40 %. Le dichlore se révèle être un inducteur efficace de la réaction et il n'ajoute pas de nouvel élément chimique au système réactionnel C/H/CI. En revanche, sa présence entraîne la formation d'un composé parasite, le chlorure de méthylène et des produits dérivés de ce dernier. A partir de l'analyse théorique de la réaction et de la revue détaillée de la littérature, un mécanisme comportant 504 processus élémentaires impliquant 99 espèces a été élaboré. Ce dernier a été confronté aux résultats , expérimentaux sur de larges domaines opératoires et validé. Les simulations nous permettent d'établir les principales voies de formation et de disparition des réactifs et des produits suivis expérimentalement

Download or read book Frontline and Factory written by Roy MacLeod and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a first considered attempt to study the factors that conditioned industrial chemistry for war in 1914-18. Taking a comparative perspective, it reflects on the experience of France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Britain, Italy and Russia, and points to significant similarities and differences. It looks at changing patterns in the organisation of industry, and at the emerging symbiosis between science, industry and the military.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Computational Terminology written by Didier Bourigault and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2001-06-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first collection of selected articles from researchers in automatic analysis, storage, and use of terminology, and specialists in applied linguistics, computational linguistics, information retrieval, and artificial intelligence offers new insights on computational terminology. The recent needs for intelligent information access, automatic query translation, cross-lingual information retrieval, knowledge management, and document handling have led practitioners and engineers to focus on automated term handling. This book offers new perspectives on their expectations. It will be of interest to terminologists, translators, language or knowledge engineers, librarians and all others dependent on the automation of terminology processing in professional practices. The articles cover themes such as automatic thesaurus construction, automatic term acquisition, automatic term translation, automatic indexing and abstracting, and computer-aided knowledge acquisition. The high academic standing of the contributors together with their experience in terminology management results in a set of contributions that tackle original and unique scientific issues in correlation with genuine applications of terminology processing.

Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.

Download or read book Advances in Solid State Fermentation written by S. Roussos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: G.HAINNAUX Departement Milieu et Activites Agricoles, Centre ORSTOM, 911 Avenue d' Agropolis, B.P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex , France. Solid state fermentation, popularly abbreviated as SSF, is currently investigated by many groups throughout the world. The study of this technique was largely neglected in the past in European and Western countries and there is now a high demand for SSF, meaning in food, environment, agricultural, phannaceutical and many other biotechnological applications. It gives me satisfaction to note that the importance of this technique was realised at my department way back in 1975 since then, our team has put concentrated efforts on developing this technique. xvii Foreword Advances in Solid State Fermentation Foreword M. PUYGRENIER Agropolis Valorisation, Avenue d' Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. On the name of the Scientific Community, I would like to express the wish that this International Symposium on SSF should be successful. Solid State Fermentation is part of biotechnology research. It consists on seeding solid culture medium with bacteria or fungi (filamentous or higher) and on producing, in this medium (solid components and exudates) metabolites and high value products. In fact, this process is very old. In older industries such the food and agricultural, this technique has been extensively used. An example of this is the production of pork sausages and Roquefort cheese. Pharmaceutical industry could make extensive use of SSF in the production of secondary metabolites of many kinds and development in this direction is soon expected.

Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Download or read book The Mediterranean region under climate change written by Collectif and published by IRD Éditions. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.

Download or read book Cropping Systems Land Tenure and Social Diversity in Wenchi Ghana written by Samuel Adjei-Nsiah and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: However, there is still considerable scope for further development of these self-organised innovations.

Download or read book Bananas and Food Security written by Claudine Picq and published by Bioversity International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Importance de la banane sur les plans economique et alimentaire; Diversite et dynamique des filieres; Organisation des marches et commercialisation; Systemes de productions/production systems.

Download or read book Scientific writing for agricultural research scientists written by Youdeowei, A. and published by CTA. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, fully revised edition aims to serve as a guide for agricultural research scientists and other practitioners in writing papers for publication. It also looks to provide a resource manual for training courses in scientific writing. There are three new chapters on reporting statistical results, communicating science to non-scientific audiences and electronic publishing. In addition, the original chapters have all been rewritten to reflect current developments and to make the content more complete and easily comprehensible.

Download or read book Water Heritage written by Willem Willems and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-15 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is vital for life, and its availability has been a concern for mankind throughout the ages. Its presence has always been ascertained in a variety of ways and the development of human society everywhere is connected with various forms of water management. Man also needed to manage water to find protection from its dangers and the need for that is increasing. In the coming decades, the impact of climate change is expected to intensify floods and droughts, affect groundwater resources, raise sea levels, increase pollution and enhance the frequency and magnitude of disasters. Societies around the world are challenged to adapt to these threats to ensure water security, economic prosperity and environmental and cultural sustainability. This book deals with the heritage of water management and the use that was made of water, as well as the impact of water management on heritage. An example of the former may be an ancient irrigation system in the Filipines or in the Middle East that still functions today, while the latter may reflect the importance of maintaining groundwater levels for the preservation of organic remains on archaeological sites or of wooden piles underneath standing buildings. In either case the papers in this book reflect the dynamic nature of water, and hence the equally dynamic relation between water management and heritage. This publication follows up on a Heritage and Water conference in Amsterdam, the first of its kind. Its main purpose is to credibly present the importance and value of heritage and historical experience for water and sustainable development, and vice versa, present the importance of water management for the protection of heritage. It presents evolving insights and concepts about Water and about Heritage from a variety of disciplines, policy and public perspectives illustrated with cases studies and aims to connect decision makers with experts such as engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, ecologist and landscape architects

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in Society written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises.

Download or read book African Herbal Pharmacopoeia written by Thomas Brendler and published by Bernan Press(PA). This book was released on 2010 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The African Herbal Pharmacopoeia (AfrHP) provides comprehensive, up to date botanical, commercial and phytochemical information on over fifty of the most important African medicinal plants. The technical data were made on plant samples sourced from across the continent. These monographs prepared by leading African scientists, have been reviewed by international experts. Additional data includes micro morphology of the plant material, distribution maps and TLC Chromatograms. These data are crucial for producers, collectors and traders in medicinal plants and extracts as well as researchers, manufacturers and practitioners. The scope, quality and standard of these herbal monographs are comparable to those prepared in Europe, North America and Asia. Whilst this is the very first edition, it is being proposed to proceed to a second edition, quickly, as more plant species will be covered.

Download or read book Women and Trade written by World Bank;World Trade Organization and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-09-04 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade can dramatically improve women’s lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women’s bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is essential to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies to ensure that trade helps to enhance opportunities for all. Research on gender equality and trade has been constrained by limited data and a lack of understanding of the connections among the economic roles that women play as workers, consumers, and decision makers. Building on new analyses and new sex-disaggregated data, Women and Trade: The Role of Trade in Promoting Gender Equality aims to advance the understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify a series of opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women.

Download or read book Traditional Forest Related Knowledge written by John A. Parrotta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring a topic of vital and ongoing importance, Traditional Forest Knowledge examines the history, current status and trends in the development and application of traditional forest knowledge by local and indigenous communities worldwide. It considers the interplay between traditional beliefs and practices and formal forest science and interrogates the often uneasy relationship between these different knowledge systems. The contents also highlight efforts to conserve and promote traditional forest management practices that balance the environmental, economic and social objectives of forest management. It places these efforts in the context of recent trends towards the devolution of forest management authority in many parts of the world. The book includes regional chapters covering North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and the Australia-Pacific region. As well as relating the general factors mentioned above to these specific areas, these chapters cover issues of special regional significance, such as the importance of traditional knowledge and practices for food security, economic development and cultural identity. Other chapters examine topics ranging from key policy issues to the significant programs of regional and international organisations, and from research ethics and best practices for scientific study of traditional knowledge to the adaptation of traditional forest knowledge to climate change and globalisation.