Download or read book Concurrent MR NIR Imaging for Breast Cancer Diagnosis written by Birsen Yazici and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this research program is to investigate concurrent near infrared (NIR) optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for breast cancer diagnosis. The NIR diffuse optical imaging offers novel criteria for cancer differentiation with the ability to measure (in vivo) oxygenation and vascularization state, the uptake and release of contrast agents and chromophore concentrations with high sensitivity. However, NIR diffuse optical tomography is inherently a low spatial resolution imaging modality due to diffuse nature of light photons. Alternatively, MRI provides high spatial resolution with excellent tissue discrimination, but has limited ability to monitor hemoglobin dynamics and other contrast mechanisms that optical imaging provides. Therefore, concurrent MRI-NIR optical imaging brings together the most advantageous aspects of the two imaging modalities for breast cancer diagnosis.

Download or read book Three Dimensonal Near infrared Optical Imaging Using Ultrasound Guidance for Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis written by Minming Huang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spectroscopic Reconstructed Near Infrared Tomographic Imaging for Breast Cancer Diagnosis written by Troy O. McBride and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optimizing Near infrared Spectral Tomography for Diagnostic Imaging and Monitoring of Breast Cancer Treatment written by Yan Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Near-infrared spectral tomography (NIRST) has been intensively investigated for clinical application in breast imaging, by providing functional information about physiologically related biomarkers such as oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin, water, lipid and scatter component. In this thesis, a series of studies on system development and reconstruction algorithm were completed to improve the imaging quality of MR-guide NIRST and to predicate breast cancer response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. To optimize image recovery which maximizes difference between malignant and benign lesions, non-linear iterative reconstructions of MR-Guided NISRT images were recovered using an L-curve based algorithm, and applied to clinical trial data. The statistical analyses have shown that the new approach dramatically improved the statistical significance for differentiating malignant from benign lesions. While MRI guide NIRST has been utilized to detect breast cancer, NIRST is also used to predicate and monitor breast tumor responses in patients with locally advanced breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant treatment. Based on an existing hybrid NIRST system developed at Dartmouth, a compact and portable NIRST system has been developed for imaging patients in the infusion unit while patients are awaiting or undergoing infusion. This system can acquire frequency-domain and continuous-wave data simultaneously at 12 wavelengths in the wavelength range of 660nm to 1064nm. Novel soft gel based homogenous and heterogamous tissue-mimicking phantoms with sphere-shape inclusions have been developed, to mimic human breasts. The phantom experiments indicate that the reconstructed optical images highly depend on the position of imaging plane, especially in the case of small inclusions. Tomographic images of breast collagen content have been recovered for the first time, and image reconstruction approaches with and without collagen content included have been validated in simulation studies, which indicate that including collagen content into the reconstruction procedure can significantly reduce the overestimation in total hemoglobin, water and lipid, and underestimates in oxygen saturation. A group of 10 normal subjects were imaged, and significantly higher (p

Download or read book Reconstructed Near Infrared Diffusion Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection written by Huabei Jiang and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Combined MRI and Near infrared Spectroscopy for Increased Specificity of Breast Cancer Imaging written by Michael A. Mastanduno and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A yearly breast contrast-MR scan is recommended to high-risk women because of MR's high sensitivity to breast tumors. However, breast contrast-MR yields a high number of false positives that lead to expensive and sometimes unnecessary biopsy procedures. Therefore, there is a growing need for superior biomarkers derived from the lesion during the scan so that MRI's high sensitivity can be matched by a high specificity. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) has been examined here to augment MR by providing information about blood content, blood oxygen saturation, water, lipid, and scatter components. This functional information is correlated with tumor malignancy; however, the low spatial resolution of NIRS imaging has limited its usefulness as a single system. An instrument that synergistically combines the strengths of MRI and NIRS into one patient exam has been developed to non-invasively image high-contrast intrinsic properties of malignant breast lesions. This work concentrates on the development of instrumentation and methods to optimize a multimodal imaging technology and describes the results of a prospective clinical trial (n=50 subjects). The hypothesis was that NIRS could increase the specificity above MRI alone, to distinguish malignant lesions from benign prior to biopsy. This increased sensitivity was achieved through a customized 9 wavelength NIRS system, developed with an optical fiber interface compatible with most clinical MR breast coils. The study was carried out at Xijing Hospital in Xi'an China. Through this partnership, we showed that MRI/NIRS characterization of MR-identified regions was correlated to the histopathological diagnosis of that same region, as assessed by pathology on the surgically removed tissues. This hybrid imaging technology could aid healthcare decisions, by adding information to clinical MRI exams, lowering the number of necessary breast biopsies preformed, and thereby improving patients' quality of life.

Download or read book Synthesis of Single modal and Dual modal Targeted Molecular Imaging Agents for MRI NIR Imaging of Breast Cancer written by Basant Kaur and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Our research is focused on the early and accurate detection of breast cancer (BrCa) by molecular imaging. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. Each year about one in eight women will be diagnosed, and over 500,000 deaths occur from breast cancer globally. To improve chances of survival, breast cancer must be diagnosed and treated at an early stage. Conventional imaging uses mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound. Limitations in these can result in false-positive results or undetected tumors. It is vital to create more sensitive imaging methods to diagnose BrCa, to reduce false-positives and to guide therapy. A new approach to targeted molecular imaging agents (TMIAs) for BrCa will be described for single-modal and dual-modal imaging by fluorescence and MRI. To target these imaging agents, we employed a new BrCa-targeting peptide called 18-4. This peptide was synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) followed by conjugation of a near infrared dye, Cy5.5-1S, utilizing a new modular method developed in our lab, to form M3, an imaging agent for BrCa. The modular method was then utilized to construct a single-modal agent containing the MRI-contrast agent metal gadolinium. Lastly, a dual modal targeted imaging agent containing both Gd and Cy5.5-1S for dual modal fluorescence-MRI of BrCa was synthesized. This is the first example of a dual-modal TMIA that is synthesized entirely by SPPS, where the imaging agents are brought in on the side chain of amino acids that coupled as part of the solid phase synthetic approach."--Abstract.

Download or read book A Multimodal Breast Cancer Imaging System Using Coregistered Dynamic Diffuse Optical Tomography and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis written by Bernhard B. Zimmermann and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is an emerging noninvasive functional imaging method for breast cancer diagnosis and neoadjuvant chemotherapy monitoring. In particular, the multimodal approach of combining DOT with x-ray digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is especially synergistic as DBT prior information can be used to enhance the DOT reconstruction. DOT, in turn, provides a functional information overlay onto the mammographic images, increasing sensitivity and specificity to cancer pathology. We describe a dynamic DOT apparatus designed for tight integration with commercial DBT scanners and providing a fast (1 Hz+) image acquisition rate to enable tracking of hemodynamic changes induced by the mammographic breast compression. The most significant advance enabling fast acquisition was the design and construction of a direct analog-to-digital conversion frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) component. It achieves simultaneous dual wavelength operation at 685 nm and 830 nm by concurrent 67.5 MHz and 75 MHz frequency modulation of each laser source, respectively, followed by digitization using a high-speed analog to digital converter and real-time hybrid FPGA-assisted demodulation by discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The overall DOT system integrates 96 CW-NIRS and 24 FD-NIRS source locations, as well as 32 CW-NIRS and 20 FD-NIRS detection locations into low-profile plates that mate to the DBT compression paddle and x-ray detector cover, respectively. The plates and the embedded optical fibers are made of plastic to minimize x-ray absorption and thus allow true simultaneous acquisition of the DBT image. We first characterize each major system component individually, and then demonstrate overall performance using static and dynamic tissue-like phantoms, as well as in vivo images acquired from the pool of patients recalled for breast biopsies at the Massachusetts General Hospital Breast Imaging Division.

Download or read book Alternative Breast Imaging written by Keith D. Paulsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical imaging has been transformed over the past 30 years by the advent of computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and various advances in x-ray and ultrasonic techniques. An enabling force behind this progress has been the (so far) exponentially increasing power of computers, which has made it practical to explore fundamentally new approaches. In particular, what our group terms "model-based" modalities-which produce tissue property images from data using nonlinear, iterative numerical modeling techniques-have become increasingly feasible. Alternative Breast Imaging: Four Model-Based Approaches explores our research on four such modalities, particularly with regard to imaging of the breast: (1) MR elastography (MRE), (2) electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), (3) microwave imaging spectroscopy (MIS), and (4) near infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIS). Chapter 1 introduces the present state of breast imaging and discusses how our alternative modalities can contribute to the field. Chapter 2 looks at the computational common ground shared by all four modalities. Chapters 2 through 10 are devoted to the four modalities, with each modality being discussed first in a theory chapter and then in an implementation-and-results chapter. The eleventh and final chapter discusses statistical methods for image analysis in the context of these four alternative imaging modalities. Imaging for the detection of breast cancer is a particularly interesting and relevant application of the four imaging modalities discussed in this book. Breast cancer is an extremely common health problem for women; the National Cancer Institute estimates that one in eight US women will develop breast cancer at least once in her lifetime. Yet the efficacy of the standard (and notoriously uncomfortable) early-detection test, the x-ray mammogram, has been disputed of late, especially for younger women. Conditions are thus ripe for the development of affordable techniques that replace or complement mammography. The breast is both anatomically accessible and small enough that the computing power required to model it, is affordable.

Download or read book Emerging Imaging Technologies in Medicine written by Mark A. Anastasio and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the discovery of x-rays in 1895 through the emergence of computed tomography (CT) in the 1970s and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the 1980s, non-invasive imaging has revolutionized the practice of medicine. While these technologies have thoroughly penetrated clinical practice, scientists continue to develop novel approaches that promise to push imaging into entirely new clinical realms, while addressing the issues of dose, sensitivity, or specificity that limit existing imaging approaches. Emerging Imaging Technologies in Medicine surveys a number of emerging technologies that have the promise to find routine clinical use in the near- (less than five years), mid- (five to ten years) and long-term (more than ten years) time frames. Each chapter provides a detailed discussion of the associated physics and technology, and addresses improvements in terms of dose, sensitivity, and specificity, which are limitations of current imaging approaches. In particular, the book focuses on modalities with clinical potential rather than those likely to have an impact mainly in preclinical animal imaging. The last ten years have been a period of fervent creativity and progress in imaging technology, with improvements in computational power, nanofabrication, and laser and detector technology leading to major new developments in phase-contrast imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and optical imaging.

Download or read book Nanomedicines for Breast Cancer Theranostics written by Nanasaheb D. Thorat and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-08 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomedicines for Breast Cancer Theranostics addresses the translational aspects and clinical perspectives of breast cancer nanomedicine from a multidisciplinary perspective. The book summarizes research efforts at the preclinical and clinical stage of nanostructures and nanomedicine for dealing with the important challenge of nanomedicine translation in breast cancer theranostics. This book is an important resource for those working in both academia and industry, focusing on hot topics in biomaterials, biomedical engineering, drug delivery and oncology. - Shows how the discovery of new nanomedicines is leading directly to an increase in the early-stage diagnosis of breast cancer - Includes coverage of breast cancer nanomedicine standardization and characterization, highlighting newly developed treatments, diagnostics and treatment monitoring tools - Explains why the design of nanobiomaterials make them effective drug carriers when treating breast cancer

Download or read book Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis written by Mahesh K Shetty and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the current trends and practices in breast imaging. Topics include mammographic interpretation; breast ultrasound; breast MRI; management of the symptomatic breast in young, pregnant and lactating women; breast intervention with imaging pathological correlation; the postoperative breast and current and emerging technologies in breast imaging. It emphasizes the importance of fostering a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases. Featuring more than 800 high-resolution images and showcasing contributions from leading authorities in the screening, diagnosis and management of the breast cancer patient, Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis is a valuable resource for radiologists, oncologists and surgeons.

Download or read book Nanooncology written by Gil Gonçalves and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a systematic overview of the most relevant nanomaterials and their respective intrinsic properties that have been highly explored by the scientific community and pharmaceutical companies in several different modalities for cancer therapy and bioimaging. The chapters explore the synergistic effects provided by the different nanostructured materials and highlight the main in vitro and in vivo therapeutic achievements on cancer. This work also provides relevant discussion about the recent progresses and future challenges that nanotechnology faces on the conception of more efficient nanoformulations against primary tumors, circulating cancer cells and metastases.

Download or read book Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems written by James C. Lin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-28 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive and topical volume presents a number of significant advances on many fronts in this area of research, particularly emphasizing current and future biomedical applications of electromagnetic fields.

Download or read book Image Guided Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer written by Anthony V. D’Amico and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-30 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prominent physicians review past, current, and future applications of the many powerful imaging techniques now used in the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and outcomes assessment of cancers of the prostate, central nervous system (CNS), and breast. Topics range from the use of screening mammography and approaches to breast cancer detection using MRI to improved visualization of the prostate gland from transrectal ultrasound and MRI, to MRI-guided resection of neoplasms.

Download or read book Comparative Diagnostic Pharmacology written by C.P. Coyne and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 935 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative Diagnostic Pharmacology: Clinical and Research Applications in Living-System Models is the first evidence-based reference text devoted exclusively to the subject of applying pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical agents as diagnostic probes in clinical medicine and investigative research.This unique and groundbreaking book is a versatile guide for clinicians and researchers interested in using pharmacologic agents to: Diagnose disease Assess physiological processes Identify the appropriateness of a therapeutic agent Determine appropriate dosing for therapeutic use. Extensively referenced and organized by major body systems, individual topics are listed in an evidence-based format according to specific disease processes or physiological processes of interest. Each entry also includes information on the mechanism of action, administration, and diagnostic interpretation. Descriptions have been provided for the application of diagnostic pharmaceuticals to assess a wide spectrum of diseases and physiological processes relevant to the fields of veterinary and human medicine. Comparative Diagnostic Pharmacology is useful not merely for pharmaceutical-oriented research investigations, but it will also prove invaluable for the monitoring and evaluation of physiological responses and disease processes in animal models.

Download or read book Functionalized Magnetic Nanosystems for Diagnostic Tools and Devices written by Kalim Deshmukh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functionalized Magnetic Nanosystems for Diagnostic Tools and Devices: Current and Emerging Research Trends explores the various aspects of functionalization of magnetic nanosystems in great detail, providing a thorough review of the associated benefits and challenges. The book begins with an overview of each key pillar for the design and application of functionalized magnetic nanosystems, from the synthesis, processing methods, and characterization techniques, to biocompatibility and toxicity considerations. Later chapters focus on specific nanomaterials and targeted biomedical applications, including point-of-care diagnosis, cancer therapy, medical imaging, biosensing and more. Importance is given to the safety considerations; environmental, legal and ethical implications, and commercial aspects of functionalized magnetic nanosystems - providing guidance relevant for advancing research into clinical practice. - Provides an overview of fundamentals in the design and application of magnetic nanosystems, from synthesis and processing to functionalization and toxicity assessment - Explores research in industry and clinical practice, providing insights into ethical, environmental, legal, and commercial aspects - Covers a wide range of diagnostic applications for functionalized magnetic nanosystems, such as in medical imaging, drug detection, tissue engineering, and more