Download or read book Computational Studies on Cultural Variation and Heredity written by Ji-Hyun Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the emerging concept of cultural DNA, considering its application across different fields and examining commonalities in approach. It approaches the subject from four different perspectives, in which the topics include theories, analysis and synthesis of cultural DNA artefacts. After an opening section which reviews theoretical work on cultural DNA research, the second section discusses analysis & synthesis of cultural DNA at the urban scale. Section three covers analysis & synthesis of cultural DNA artefacts, and the final section offers approaches to grammar-based cultural DNA research. The book places emphasis on two specific axes: one is the scale of the object under discussion, which ranges from the small (handheld artefacts) to the very large (cities); and the other is the methodology used from analysis to synthesis. This diverse approach with detailed information about grammar-based methodologies toward cultural DNA makes the book unique. This book will serve as a source of inspiration for designers and researchers trying to find the essence, archetype, and the building blocks of our environment for the incorporation of social and cultural factors into their designs.

Download or read book Computational Studies on Cultural Variation and Heredity written by Ji-Hyun Lee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the emerging concept of cultural DNA, considering its application across different fields and examining commonalities in approach. It approaches the subject from four different perspectives, in which the topics include theories, analysis and synthesis of cultural DNA artefacts. After an opening section which reviews theoretical work on cultural DNA research, the second section discusses analysis & synthesis of cultural DNA at the urban scale. Section three covers analysis & synthesis of cultural DNA artefacts, and the final section offers approaches to grammar-based cultural DNA research. The book places emphasis on two specific axes: one is the scale of the object under discussion, which ranges from the small (handheld artefacts) to the very large (cities); and the other is the methodology used from analysis to synthesis. This diverse approach with detailed information about grammar-based methodologies toward cultural DNA makes the book unique. This book will serve as a source of inspiration for designers and researchers trying to find the essence, archetype, and the building blocks of our environment for the incorporation of social and cultural factors into their designs.

Download or read book Models and Tools for Studying Genetic and Cultural Variation written by Ethan Macneil Jewett and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fundamental goal of population genetics is to understand how historical events and processes, such as speciation, migration, natural selection, and drift, have contributed to genetic variation among modern individuals. In humans, factors that contribute to genetic variation also include cultural phenomena and practices such as marriage customs and membership in cultural or linguistic groups that act as either barriers to, or catalysts for, contact and mating. Mathematical models of genetic evolution can be applied to make inferences about factors that have influenced genetic variation among populations over time. Analyses of cultural data can enhance these analyses by identifying cultural phenomena that have contributed to contact and isolation among populations and by providing an additional source of information that can be used to infer demographic histories. In this thesis, I first describe work on mathematical modeling approaches that can be used to infer the historical relationships among populations, and to model the effects of these relationships on present-day genetic diversity. Next, I describe empirical analyses of cultural variation that shed light on recent cultural, geographic, and demographic factors that have influenced both cultural and genetic diffusion among populations. The first three chapters focus on mathematical models of genetic variation. In Chapter 1, I apply a coalescent model to reduce the expected error in an existing algorithm (the GLASS method) for inferring the historical relationships among populations or species. The new method I develop provides fast and accurate estimates of the topological and temporal relationships among a set of extant populations. These estimates can be used to obtain accurate null models for downstream analyses, such as comparative genetic studies to identify signals of adaptation. In Chapter 2, I extend the model of Chapter 1 to derive expressions for the theoretical accuracy of algorithms that perform genotype imputation, a key component of many genome-wide association studies of the genetic bases of phenotypic traits. The expressions I derive can be used to guide sampling designs for collecting panels of imputation reference haplotypes, thus improving the power of genome-wide association studies to detect the genetic variants that underlie phenotypic variation. Coalescent models like those presented in chapters 1 and 2 can be computationally difficult to implement on modern genomic data sets with many sampled individuals. The complexity of these computations can be reduced by making use of an approximation to the coalescent model in which the number of ancestral alleles in a population is assumed to change deterministically as time moves backwards. In Chapter 3, I describe general procedures for applying this deterministic approximation to obtain functionally simple and computationally fast approximations to coalescent formulas that are otherwise challenging to compute on data sets with many sampled individuals. In chapters 4 and 5, I present empirical analyses designed to identify cultural factors that can affect genetic variation, as well as factors that can affect both genetic and cultural differences among populations. In Chapter 4, I present an analysis of linguistic and cultural diversity in the United States, with the goal of understanding factors that have contributed to cultural isolation and diffusion among demographic groups over time. In Chapter 5, I present a joint analysis of genetic and linguistic data in Cape Verde, an archipelago near the coast of western Africa with a long history of genetic and linguistic admixture between European and African populations. This analysis sheds light on demographic and geographical factors that affect both genetic and linguistic variation, and on the degree to which linguistic inheritance parallels genetic inheritance. The modeling approaches, theory, and analyses presented in this thesis provide a set of tools that facilitate studies of the factors that affect genetic and cultural variation within and among populations.

Download or read book A New Perspective of Cultural DNA written by Ji-Hyun Lee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-23 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected papers from the 3rd Cultural DNA Workshop. Contributed by prominent computational design experts in the fields of mechanical engineering and architectural design, they mainly focus on the design process; shape grammars as a valuable tool; and the analysis of cultural values. The book offers readers fresh viewpoints on computational design. and helps researchers in academy and practitioners in industry to learn more evolved cultural DNA knowledge which is newly interpreted and conceptually reinforced in areas of mechanical engineering and architectural engineering.

Download or read book Design Computing and Cognition 22 written by John S Gero and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-04 with total page 819 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports research and development that represent the state of the art in artificial intelligence in design, design cognition, design neurocognition, and design theories from the Tenth International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition held in Glasgow, UK, in 2022. The 48 chapters are grouped under the headings of natural language processing and design; design cognition; design neurocognition; learning and design; creative design and co-design; shape grammars; quantum computing; and human behavior. These contributions are of particular interest to design researchers and design educators, as well as to users of advanced computation and cognitive science. This book contains knowledge about the cognitive and neurocognitive behavior of designers, which is valuable to those who need to gain a better understanding of designing.

Download or read book Design Computing and Cognition 20 written by John S. Gero and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume are from the Ninth International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition (DCC’20) held virtually at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA. They represent the state-of-the-art of research and development in design computing and design cognition including the increasingly active area of design cognitive neuroscience. They are of particular interest to design researchers, developers and users of advanced computation in designing as well as to design educators. This volume contains knowledge about the cognitive behavior of designers, which is valuable for those who need to gain a better understanding of designing.

Download or read book Grammatical and Syntactical Approaches in Architecture Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Lee, Ju Hyun and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-12-20 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape grammar and space syntax have been separately developed but rarely combined in any significant way. The first of these is typically used to investigate or generate the formal or geometric properties of architecture, while the second is used to analyze the spatial, topological, or social properties of architecture. Despite the reciprocal relationship between form and space in architecture—it is difficult to conceptualize a completed building without a sense of both of these properties—the two major computational theories have been largely developed and applied in isolation from each another. Grammatical and Syntactical Approaches in Architecture: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical scholarly resource that explores the relationship between shape grammar and space syntax for urban planning and architecture and enables the creative discovery of both the formal and spatial features of an architectural style or type. This book, furthermore, presents a new method to selectively capture aspects of both the grammar and syntax of architecture. Featuring a range of topics such as mathematical analysis, spatial configuration, and domestic architecture, this book is essential for architects, policymakers, urban planners, researchers, academicians, and students.

Download or read book WWW Drawing written by Janet Abrams and published by Actar D, Inc.. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of hand drawing play for architecture in a digital age, as drawing moves off the page and onto the screen? How might computer-generated drawings emulate the ambiguities and nuances of the hand? WWW Drawing: Architectural Drawing from Pencil to Pixel documents the eponymous project conducted by Pennsylvania State University’s Department of Architecture, which explored these questions through a giant-scale hand-drawing workshop and a symposium held at the Drawing Center, New York. WWW refers in this context both to the World Wide Web, and to the “Three Ws”—architects Michael Webb, Mark West and James Wines, each renowned for their skills in hand drawing, who discuss their individual approaches and techniques. Complementing the Ws’ perspectives, artists and architects of a younger generation — Daniel Cardoso Llach, Andrew Heumann, Jürg Lehni, Jane Nisselson, Seher Shah and Ann Tarantino—address various aspects of contemporary architectural drawing, both analog and digital: the legacies of contrasting ideologies of early computer-aided design; technology as expressive vocabulary; and drawing as live performance, whether executed by hand or by robotic drawing machine. Together, the research and creative explorations presented in WWW Drawing cast architectural drawing in a fresh light. Published by Actar Publishers, Pennsylvania State University and Stuckeman School of Architecture

Download or read book Maritime Technology and Engineering 5 Volume 1 written by Carlos Guedes Soares and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-08 with total page 1616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set of two volumes comprises the collection of the papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Maritime Technology and Engineering (MARTECH 2020) that was held in Lisbon, Portugal, from 16 to 19 November 2020. The Conference has evolved from the series of biennial national conferences in Portugal, which have become an international event, and which reflect the internationalization of the maritime sector and its activities. MARTECH 2020 is the fifth of this new series of biennial conferences. The set comprises 180 contributions that were reviewed by an International Scientific Committee. Volume 1 is dedicated to maritime transportation, ports and maritime traffic, as well as maritime safety and reliability. It further comprises sections dedicated to ship design, cruise ship design, and to the structural aspects of ship design, such as ultimate strength and composites, subsea structures as pipelines, and to ship building and ship repair.

Download or read book Advanced Research and Design Tools for Architectural Heritage written by Stefania Stellacci and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-07-31 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Research and Design Tools for Architectural Heritage: Unforeseen Paths rethinks how to analyse, preserve, and adapt Architectural Heritage and its surroundings along unforeseen paths using a broad spectrum of advanced research and design tools. By delving into conceptual foundations and recent applications, it transcends disciplinary boundaries and leverages advanced design tools, such as space syntax, natural language processing, advanced photogrammetry, heritage building information modelling, and virtual reality. This book offers a comprehensive collection of collaborative research studies by a team of scholars with diverse perspectives and digital expertise from long-term projects. Encompassing case studies and recent academic experiences, the volume explores notable heritage sites in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Readers are afforded a nuanced understanding of integrated tools through a forward-looking approach. By addressing critical heritage challenges, the book contributes to reshaping architecture discourse and practice. The chapters explore the integration of advanced methodologies to address emerging societal concerns, making the book a valuable resource for architecture, archaeology, urban planning, catering to professors, trainers, and students. Additionally, its relevance extends to practitioners interested in cultural studies, urban policies, and data science, including archivists, representatives from public governmental authorities, and policy stakeholders.

Download or read book Integrating Qualitative and Social Science Factors in Archaeological Modelling written by Mehdi Saqalli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the methodological, epistemological and practical issues of integrating qualitative and socio-anthropological factors into archaeological modeling. This text fills the gap between conceptual modeling (which usually relies on narratives describing the life of a past community) and formalized/computer-based modeling which are usually environmentally-determined. Methods combining both environmental and social issues through niche and agent-based modeling are presented. These methods help to translate data from paleo-environmental and archaeological society life cycles (such as climate and landscape changes) into the local spatial scale. The epistemological discussions will appeal to readers as well as the resilience socio-anthropological factors provide facing climatic fluctuations. Integrating Qualitative and Social Science Factors in Archaeological Modelling will appeal to students and researchers in the field.

Download or read book Making Information Matter written by Mareile Kaufmann and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2023-07-20 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information matters to us. Whether recorded, recoded, or unregistered, information co-shapes our present and our becoming. This book advances new views on information and surveillance practices. Starting with a methodology for studying the liveliness of information, Kaufmann provides four empirical examples of making information matter: association, conversion, secrecy, and speculation. In so doing, she presents an original and comprehensive argument about the materiality of information and invites us to investigate, and to reflect about what matters. This is a go-to text for scholars and professionals working in the fields of surveillance, data studies, and the digitization of specific societal sectors.

Download or read book Morphological Analysis of Cultural DNA written by Ji-Hyun Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes research in computational design which implements shape grammars or space syntax for morphological analysis, applying these scientific and rule-based methodologies to cultural aspects of the field. The term ‘cultural DNA’ describes the effort to explore computational design from the perspectives of a meme, a socio-cultural analogy to genes. Based on the 1st Cultural DNA Workshop, held at KAIST, Daejeon, Korea in 2015, the book considers whether there is such a thing as a ‘cultural DNA’ common throughout various domains, and if so how computer-assisted tools and methodologies play a role in its investigation. Following an introduction covering some fundamental theories of cultural DNA research, part two of the book describes morphological analysis in architecture, with examples from Malaysia and China. Part three then moves up to morphological analysis at the urban scale, including discussion of morphological evolution in France, development of a model Korean city, and introducing a rule-based generative analysis approach for urban planning. Part four considers methods for analysing the DNA of other cultural artefacts such as online games, novels, cars, and music, and part five introduces the tools under development that aid morphological cultural DNA research including topics about shape grammar, building information modeling (BIM), cultural persona, and prototyping. The book will be of significant interest to those involved in the cultural aspects of urban and architectural design, cultural informatics and design research.

Download or read book Techno Vernacular Creativity and Innovation written by Nettrice R. Gaskins and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-08-10 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel approach to STEAM learning that engages students from historically marginalized communities in culturally relevant and inclusive maker education. The growing maker movement in education has become an integral part of both STEM and STEAM learning, tapping into the natural DIY inclinations of creative people as well as the educational power of inventing or making things. And yet African American, Latino/a American, and Indigenous people are underrepresented in maker culture and education. In this book, Nettrice Gaskins proposes a novel approach to STEAM learning that engages students from historically marginalized communities in culturally relevant and inclusive maker education. Techno-vernacular creativity (TVC) connects technical literacy, equity, and culture, encompassing creative innovations produced by ethnic groups that are often overlooked. TVC uses three main modes of activity: reappropriation, remixing, and improvisation. Gaskins looks at each of the three modes in turn, guiding readers from research into practice. Drawing on real-world examples, she shows how TVC creates dynamic learning environments where underrepresented ethnic students feel that they belong. Students who remix computationally, for instance, have larger toolkits of computational skills with which to connect cultural practices to STEAM subjects; reappropriation offers a way to navigate cultural repertoires; improvisation is firmly rooted in cultural and creative practices. Finally, Gaskins explores an equity-oriented approach that makes a distinction between conventional or dominant pedagogical approaches and culturally relevant or responsive making methods and practices. She describes TVC habits of mind and suggests methods of instructions and projects.

Download or read book Social Neuroscience written by Eddie Harmon-Jones and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Neuroscience provides an updated and critically important survey of contemporary social neuroscience research. In response to recent advances in the field, this book speaks to the various ways that basic biological functions shape and underlie social behavior. The book also shows how an understanding of neuroscience, physiology, genetics, and endocrinology can foster a fuller, more consilient understanding of social behavior and of the person. These collected chapters cover traditional and contemporary social psychology topics that have received conceptual and empirical attention from social neuroscience approaches. While the focus of the chapters is demonstrating how social neuroscience methods contribute to understanding social psychological topics, they also cover a wide range of social neuroscience methods, including hormones, functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, event-related brain potentials, cardiovascular responses, and genetics.

Download or read book Understanding Facial Expressions in Communication written by Manas K. Mandal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important volume provides a holistic understanding of the cultural, psychological, neurological and biological elements involved in human facial expressions and of computational models in the analyses of expressions. It includes methodological and technical discussions by leading scholars across the world on the subject. Automated and manual analysis of facial expressions, involving cultural, gender, age and other variables, is a growing and important area of research with important implications for cross-cultural interaction and communication of emotion, including security and clinical studies. This volume also provides a broad framework for the understanding of facial expressions of emotion with inputs drawn from the behavioural sciences, computational sciences and neurosciences.

Download or read book Computational Genetics written by Rajiv Tyagi and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2009 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: