Download or read book Compromised Perfusion written by K. Messmer and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1996 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compromised perfusion indicates the inability of the cardiovascular system to sustain the normal distribution of blood flow within the entire body and can be defined as a reduction of perfusion pressure leading to the exclusion of single capillaries or groups of capillaries. Occurring in patients subjected to shock, trauma, extensive surgery and organ transplantation, it reduces the surface area available for exchange of nutrients and metabolites with the consequence of tissue hypoxia and accumulation of waste products. To counteract compromised perfusion hypertonic/hyperoncotic saline/dextran solutions are used efficiently. This book presents an overview of the most recent findings from studies investigating compromised perfusion. The selected contributions discuss the mechanistic effects and side effects of small volume resuscitation, as well as specific effects of dextran in the field of organ conservation and post-ischemic leukocyte/endothelium interaction. Furthermore, specific aspects of the biology and pathophysiology of microvascular endothelium are considered. Providing a critical review of recent advances, this volume serves as an excellent source of information for all those interested in both clinical and experimental microcirculation research.
Download or read book Inflammation and the Microcirculation written by D. Neil Granger and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microcirculation is highly responsive to, and a vital participant in, the inflammatory response. All segments of the microvasculature (arterioles, capillaries, and venules) exhibit characteristic phenotypic changes during inflammation that appear to be directed toward enhancing the delivery of inflammatory cells to the injured/infected tissue, isolating the region from healthy tissue and the systemic circulation, and setting the stage for tissue repair and regeneration. The best characterized responses of the microcirculation to inflammation include impaired vasomotor function, reduced capillary perfusion, adhesion of leukocytes and platelets, activation of the coagulation cascade, and enhanced thrombosis, increased vascular permeability, and an increase in the rate of proliferation of blood and lymphatic vessels. A variety of cells that normally circulate in blood (leukocytes, platelets) or reside within the vessel wall (endothelial cells, pericytes) or in the perivascular space (mast cells, macrophages) are activated in response to inflammation. The activation products and chemical mediators released from these cells act through different well-characterized signaling pathways to induce the phenotypic changes in microvessel function that accompany inflammation. Drugs that target a specific microvascular response to inflammation, such as leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion or angiogenesis, have shown promise in both the preclinical and clinical studies of inflammatory disease. Future research efforts in this area will likely identify new avenues for therapeutic intervention in inflammation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Historical Perspectives / Anatomical Considerations / Impaired Vasomotor Responses / Capillary Perfusion / Angiogenesis / Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Adhesion / Platelet-Vessel Wall Interactions / Coagulation and Thrombosis / Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction / Epilogue / References
Download or read book Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow written by Michitoshi Inoue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.
Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Download or read book Cardiac Perfusion And Pumping Engineering written by Dhanjoo N Ghista and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007-07-24 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time, this invaluable book shows how cardiac perfusion and pumping can be quantified and correlated. Self-contained and unified in presentation, the explanations in the compendium are detailed enough to capture the reader's curiosity and complete enough to provide the background material to explore further into the subject.Mathematically rigorous and clinically oriented, the book is a major resource for biomedical engineers, cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and clinicians. For students, it is an ideal textbook for senior-level courses in cardiovascular engineering.
Download or read book ABC of Hypertension written by D. Gareth Beevers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-07-15 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension is a condition which affects millions of peopleworldwide and its treatment greatly reduces the risk of strokes andheart attacks. This fully revised and updated edition of the ABCof Hypertension is an established guide providing all thenon-specialist needs to know about the measurement of bloodpressure and the investigation and management of hypertensivepatients. This new edition provides comprehensively updated andrevised information on how and whom to treat. The ABC of Hypertension will prove invaluable to generalpractitioners who may be screening large numbers of patients forhypertension, as well as nurse practitioners, midwives and otherhealthcare professionals.
Download or read book Vascular Biology of the Placenta written by Yuping Wang and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, thereby allowing nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply. Proper vascular development in the placenta is fundamental to ensuring a healthy fetus and successful pregnancy. This book provides an up-to-date summary and synthesis of knowledge regarding placental vascular biology and discusses the relevance of this vascular bed to the functions of the human placenta.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia written by Vicki Clark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an up-to-date summary of the scientific basis, assessment for and provision of anaesthesia throughout pregnancy and labour. It is divided into nine sections including physiology, assessment, complications and systemic disease.
Download or read book Paramedic Principles and Practice in the UK E Book written by Aidan Ward and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 1113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paramedic Principles and Practice in the UK is a key textbook designed to support paramedicine students in this country throughout their studies. The volume takes a practical approach, with case histories covering a broad range of clinical presentations and treatments, all incorporating a patient-centric perspective that acknowledges the longer patient journey. This must-have textbook will not only arm readers with technical knowledge and expertise, but also with the non-technical principles of the profession, developing future paramedics who are able to provide a safe and effective management plan in the out-of-hospital environment. - Aligned to UK paramedicine curricula - More than 40 detailed case studies covering essential pathologies most commonly seen by UK paramedics, as well as less typical scenarios - Evidence-based clinical decision-making models to support paramedics in practice - Essential physiological concepts to help readers bridge the gap from principles to practice - Focus on the wellbeing of both the patient and the paramedic - Useful appendices including medications commonly encountered in paramedic settings
Download or read book The Multiple Inert Gas Elimination Technique MIGET written by Susan R. Hopkins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multiple Inert Gas Elimination Technique (MIGET) is a complex methodology involving specialized gas chromatography and sophisticated mathematics developed in the early 1970’s. Essentially, nobody possesses knowledge of all its elements except for its original developers, and while some practical and theoretical aspects have been published over the years, none have included the level of detail that would be necessary for a potential user to adopt and understand the technique easily. This book is unique in providing a highly detailed, comprehensive technical description of the theory and practice underlying the MIGET to help potential users set up the method and solve problems they may encounter. But it is much more than a reference manual – it is a substantial physiological and mathematical treatise in its own right. It also has a wide applicability – there is extensive discussion of the common biological problem of quantitative inference. The authors took measured whole-lung gas exchange variables, and used mathematical procedures to infer the distribution of ventilation and blood flow from this data. In so doing, they developed novel approaches to answer the question: What are the limits to what can be concluded when inferring the inner workings from the “black box” behavior of a system? The book details the approaches developed, which can be generalized to other similar distributed functions within tissues and organs. They involve engineering approaches such as linear and quadratic programming, and uniquely use mathematical tools with biological constraints to obtain as much information as possible about a “black box” system. Lastly, the book summarizes the hundreds of research papers published by a number of groups over the decades in a way never before attempted in order to marshal the world’s literature on the topic and to provide in one place the wealth of important discoveries, both physiological a nd clinical, enabled by the technique.
Download or read book Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured Advantage Package written by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2021-02-12 with total page 1668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1971, Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured has advanced how EMS education is delivered to help train exceptional EMS professionals around the globe.
Download or read book ABC of Arterial and Venous Disease written by Richard Donnelly and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-08 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural and functional abnormalities of arteries and veinsmanifest clinically in a broad spectrum of disorders, includinganeurysmal disease, atherosclerosis, vasculitis, venousinsufficiency, microvascular complications, thrombo-embolism andlower limb ulceration. Many of these are common and/orchronic conditions which present for initial assessment by primaryhealth care workers. This new edition is a practical guide to the most commonlypresenting disorders, and provides a structured approach toclinical assessment, investigations and management. The lastfew years have seen major changes in the use of non-invasive orminimally-invasive techniques, e.g wider use of CT and MRangiography, and increasing use of percutaneous interventions forcarotid, lower limb and reno-vascular disease. The ABC of Arterial and Venous Disease (Second Edition)explains the underlying technology and the applications of newminimally-invasive methods, especially CT and MRI, and provides anup-dated, evidence-based guide to the modern day management ofpatients with common, life-threatening diseases involving differentparts of the circulation. This authoritative, full-colour, illustrated ABC is anideal reference for the primary care, non-specialist practitionerto base effective management and prevention programmes.
Download or read book Hybrid PET MR Neuroimaging written by Ana M. Franceschi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a reference and comprehensive guide for PET/MR neuroimaging. The field of PET/MR is rapidly evolving, however, there is no standard resource summarizing the vast information and its potential applications. This book will guide neurological molecular imaging applications in both clinical practice and the research setting. Experts from multiple disciplines, including radiologists, researchers, and physicists, have collaborated to bring their knowledge and expertise together. Sections begin by covering general considerations, including public health and economic implications, the physics of PET/MR systems, an overview of hot lab and cyclotron, and radiotracers used in neurologic PET/MRI. There is then coverage of each major disease/systemic category, including dementia and neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy localization, brain tumors, inflammatory and infectious CNS disorders, head and neck imaging, as well as vascular hybrid imaging. Together, we have created a thorough, concise and up-to-date textbook in a unique, user-friendly format. This is an ideal guide for neuroradiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, medical physicists, clinical trainees and researchers.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cardiovascular Research and Medicine written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 2854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Cardiovascular Research and Medicine, Four Volume Set offers researchers over 200 articles covering every aspect of cardiovascular research and medicine, including fully annotated figures, abundant color illustrations and links to supplementary datasets and references. With contributions from top experts in the field, this book is the most reputable and easily searchable resource of cardiovascular-focused basic and translational content for students, researchers, clinicians and teaching faculty across the biomedical and medical sciences. The panel of authors chosen from an international board of leading scholars renders the text trustworthy, contemporary and representative of the global scientific expertise in these domains. The book's thematic structuring of sections and in-depth breakdown of topics encourages user-friendly, easily searchable chapters. Cross-references to related articles and links to further reading and references will further guide readers to a full understanding of the topics under discussion. Readers will find an unparalleled, one-stop resource exploring all major aspects of cardiovascular research and medicine. Presents comprehensive coverage of every aspect of cardiovascular medicine and research Offers readers a broad, interdisciplinary overview of the concepts in cardiovascular research and medicine with applications across biomedical research Includes reputable, foundational content on genetics, cancer, immunology, cell biology and molecular biology Provides a multi-media enriched color-illustrated text with high quality images, graphs and tables.
Download or read book Cuspid Volume 1 written by John Laszlo and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CUSPID - Clinically Useful Safety Procedures in Dentistry: Volume 1 and Volume 2. This clinically oriented and illustrated textbook of over 1,600 pages published on the 1st August 2018 to coincide with the General Dental Council's introduction of Enhanced CPD for all dental registrants; now provides every member of the dental team with the means to easily undertake and complete ECPD in line with the GDC's requirements for outcome C: Developing and maintaining knowledge and skills in dental practise. In the two volumes of CUSPID: Five safety critical subject areas are systematically presented: CUSPID Volume 1: Chapter 1: Medical Emergencies. Chapter 2: Medicine and Drug Safety. CUSPID Volume 2: Chapter 3: Infection Control. Chapter 4: Radiation Safety. Chapter 5: Oral Cancer. All GDC registrants from the vocational trainee, to the experienced practice principal leading a clinical team can use the 2 volumes of CUSPID to complete their ECPD. Furthermore, the essential roles of all dental care professionals are comprehensively recognized in this textbook. Dental colleagues who are certainly well-experienced but at times under-appreciated and often over-worked; nurses, technicians, therapists and hygienists can use CUSPID to achieve their ECPD goals. By answering the 650 multiple choice questions and participating in Peer Review, some 80 hours of ECPD can be claimed and verified by completing the certificates and log sheets at the end of each of the 5 chapters. For dentists, this forms the core of the ECPD required by the GDC: 80 hours out of the 100 hours required in the 5 year ECPD cycle. For other dental registrants, by using CUSPID; the ECPD achieved can significantly exceed the 75 hours required for clinical technicians, hygienists and therapists, or the 50 hours required for technicians and nurses to complete their respective 5 year ECPD cycles, securing their registration with the GDC. Carrying out the reflective reviews at the end of each chapter forms the foundation upon which a Professional Development Portfolio can be based, adding further to the ECPD totals which can be gained from CUSPID. In addition to ECPD, learning from CUSPID provides an opportunity to achieve a solid working knowledge of the safety critical disciplines required for safe clinical practise. Using both volumes of CUSPID ensures you are not only working safely, you are doing so in accordance with the most recent evidence based clinical guidelines; in line with the GDC's requirements for ECPD for every dental professional from August 1st 2018 onwards.
Download or read book Compartment Syndrome written by Cyril Mauffrey and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-02 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compartment syndrome is a complex physiologic process with significant potential harm, and though an important clinical problem, the basic science and research surrounding this entity remains poorly understood. This unique open access book fills the gap in the knowledge of compartment syndrome, re-evaluating the current state of the art on this condition. The current clinical diagnostic criteria are presented, as well as the multiple dilemmas facing the surgeon. Pathophysiology, ischemic thresholds and pressure management techniques and limitations are discussed in detail. The main surgical management strategy, fasciotomy, is then described for both the upper and lower extremities, along with wound care. Compartment syndrome due to patient positioning, in children and polytrauma patients, and unusual presentations are likewise covered. Novel diagnosis and prevention strategies, as well as common misconceptions and legal ramifications stemming from compartment syndrome, round out the presentation. Unique and timely, Compartment Syndrome: A Guide to Diagnosis and Management will be indispensable for orthopedic and trauma surgeons confronted with this common yet challenging medical condition.
