Download or read book Comparative Stopover Ecology of Least Calidris Minutilla and Western C Mauri Sandpipers During Southward Migration written by Rachel Jane Gardiner and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migratory birds adjust their refuelling rates at stopover sites based on habitat characteristics and physiological state. For Least (Calidris minutilla) and Western (C. mauri) Sandpipers on southward migration in British Columbia, I investigated species differences in foraging habitat, diet, and fattening rate, and long-term trends in body mass related to species, age, and site during a period of changing predation danger (1980s-2000's). Least Sandpipers disproportionately used more vegetated habitat, and foraged at a lower trophic level than Western sandpipers. Least Sandpiper fattening rate was higher than in Western Sandpipers, but did not differ with respect to covariates in either species. Western Sandpipers of both age classes were heavier at a safer site. At a more dangerous site, adult Least Sandpiper mass decreased over three decades, while juvenile mass remained consistently low. I interpret patterns of variation in stopover ecology as species-specific prioritization of danger management, feeding conditions, and migratory route.
Download or read book Comparative Feeding Ecology and Behaviour of Migrating Adult Least Calidris Minutilla Viellot and Semipalmated C Pusilla Linnaeus Sandpipers in the Southern Bight Minas Basin N S microform written by Peter Ross Norman MacDonald and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1987 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Feeding and Predation Danger Tradeoffs in Stopover Site Usage by Western Sandpipers Calidris Mauri written by Andrea Claire Pomeroy and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migrant birds face a tradeoff at stopover sites between acquiring resources to fuel migration and avoiding predators. This tradeoff is crucial because the rapid acquisition of high-energy fuel for long-distance flight requires feeding in high-resource habitats, feeding intensely, and carrying heavy loads of fat, all of which elevate predation danger. I investigated how migrant western sandpipers (Calidris mauri) trade off food and safety at both the site (within stopover) and landscape (among stopovers) scales. I studied within-site usage by sandpipers at Boundary Bay, located in the Strait of Georgia, in southwestern British Columbia. The mudflat is characterized by a strong feeding-danger gradient, with both food and danger decreasing with distance from the shoreline. I measured dropping densities on transects to evaluate how sandpipers distributed their usage across the mudflat. Dropping densities peaked at intermediate distances from shore, showing that sandpipers maximized neither energy gain (highest close to shore), nor safety (greatest far from shore). The observed pattern is that expected if these factors are traded off against each other. To test this hypothesis experimentally, I manipulating danger by adding obstructive cover to the open mudflat. As predicted, usage was lower on obstruction transects than controls; the difference in usage between control and obstruction transects was greatest near the obstruction; declined with distance from the obstruction; and was greater where food abundance was lower. Western sandpipers were also captured on noose carpets spread across these transects, which revealed that usage was mass-dependent: heavy individuals fed far from shore. A dynamic state variable model incorporating trade off assumptions predicted all of these patterns. I investigated whether similar considerations applied at the landscape scale. Of 17 potential stopover sites for sandpipers in the Strait of Georgia and Puget Sound, only 8 were used on migration. Consideration of both food and safety better predicted stopover site usage than either factor alone. Furthermore, heavy sandpipers predominated at safe stopover sites, while leaner birds used more dangerous sites. This thesis highlights the importance of the interaction between food abundance and danger from predators in studies of stopover site behaviour, usage, and site selection by migrant birds.
Download or read book Ecology of Migratory Timing by Southbound Male and Female Western Sandpipers Calidris Mauri written by Amanda Christine Niehaus and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shorebird Management Manual written by Douglas L. Helmers and published by Wetlands for the Americas. This book was released on 1992 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Current Ornithology Volume 17 written by Charles F. Thompson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-09 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Ornithology publishes authoritative, up-to-date, scholarly reviews of topics selected from the full range of current research in avian biology. Topics cover the spectrum from the molecular level of organization to population biology and community ecology. The series seeks especially to review (1) fields in which an abundant recent literature will benefit from synthesis and organization, or (2) newly emerging fields that are gaining recognition as the result of recent discoveries or shifts in perspective, or (3) fields in which students of vertebrates may benefit from comparisons of birds with other classes. All chapters are invited, and authors are chosen for their leadership in the subjects under review.
Download or read book Bird Migration across the Himalayas written by Herbert H. T. Prins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-06 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first reference to demonstrate how birds survive the high-altitude Central Asian Flyway and the threats to this unique migration.
Download or read book Hunting Tactics of Peregrines and Other Falcons written by Dick Dekker and published by Hancock House. This book was released on 2009 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the foraging habits and capture rates of four species of bird-hunting falcons; Peregrine, Merlin, Gyrfalcon, and Prairie Falcon. Eight of the nine study areas were situated in western Canada in widely different habitats, and the observation periods intermittently included all seasons over 44 years, 1965-2008.
Download or read book Physiological and Ecological Adaptations to Feeding in Vertebrates written by J. Matthias Starck and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responding to recent interest in the gastrointestinal tract as a model for studies in physiological and ecological adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions, this collection summarizes the current state of knowledge from an integrative perspective. The contributors come from the fields of comparative morphology, nutritional physiology, eco
Download or read book Arctic Shorebirds in North America written by Jonathan Robert Bart and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "/i/Arctic Shorebirds in North America//i/ represents a study that is one of the remarkable achievements of wildlife fieldcraft, like those done by Aldo Leopold in the 1930s and by the Craighead Brothers in the 1960s. To conduct a study of this scientific caliber in the great expanse and harsh climate of the Arctic makes it one of the great wildlife investigations whose value will only grow with time."--Larry Niles, Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey "It is most timely that Jonathan Bart and Victoria Johnston have gathered information on shorebirds that breed in the Arctic regions of North America. Data on these birds is generated at a wide range of locations by many different individuals and teams, and this book puts it into perspective. It is particularly valuable to have this treatise when so many shorebird species worldwide are in marked decline."--Clive Minton, Australasian Wader Studies Group "When the PRISM program for pan-Arctic shorebird monitoring was introduced, everyone agreed with its laudable aims, but it seemed impractical. How could shorebird biologists with limited time and resources acquire robust data on the size and trend of shorebird populations across the American Arctic? Now, the credibility gap has been bridged. /i/Arctic Shorebirds in North America//i/ presents the rigorous, practical methods that will be the foundation of Arctic shorebird monitoring for years to come. I look forward to Arctic PRISM becoming the keystone of shorebird conservation in the Western Hemisphere."--Humphrey Sitters, editor of /i/Wader Study Group Bulletin//i/
Download or read book Shorebirds written by Jan van de Kam and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shorebirds are the most visible inhabitants of coastal wetlands worldwide. Many undertake spectacularly long flights between their wintering and breeding grounds, embodying the miracle of long-distance migration in a profound way. In this illustrated behavioural ecology the migration, feeding and breeding of these birds are explained in a comprehensive but simple and visually stunning form. The core of the book is based on studies of shorebirds and other waterbirds (such as ducks, geese and gulls) that migrate along the East Atlantic Flyway. The emphasis is on those using the Dutch, German and Danish Wadden Sea; examples from the rest of the world are also included. The authors are experts in the fields of bird migration, shorebird behaviour and intertidal ecology, and have contributed much to our current understanding of these subjects. The 300 magnificent portraits of waterbirds in action were taken by Jan van de Kam, one of The Netherlands' foremost wildlife photographers.
Download or read book Antipredator Defenses in Birds and Mammals written by Timothy M. Caro and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2005-09 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tim Caro explores the many & varied ways in which prey species have evolved defensive characteristics and behaviour to confuse, outperform or outwit their predators, from the camoflaged coat of the giraffe to the extraordinary way in which South American sealions ward off the attacks of killer whales.
Download or read book Bird Ringing Station Manual written by Przemyslaw Busse and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-03-11 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an attempt to standardize elements of the station routine, the book describes the procedures used in passerine and wader ringing stations. It offers a comparative analysis of versatile evaluation techniques such as measurements, orientation experiments and monitoring. The authors meticulously analyze different methods used to track birds, including catching passerines with mist-nets in land and wetland habitat, as well as the use of the Heligoland trap. The monograph, as a successful bid to establish a bird station routine that is favourable to both birds and ringers, will benefit all professional and amateur ringers.
Download or read book Foraging written by David W. Stephens and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foraging is fundamental to animal survival and reproduction, yet it is much more than a simple matter of finding food; it is a biological imperative. Animals must find and consume resources to succeed, and they make extraordinary efforts to do so. For instance, pythons rarely eat, but when they do, their meals are large—as much as 60 percent larger than their own bodies. The snake’s digestive system is normally dormant, but during digestion metabolic rates can increase fortyfold. A python digesting quietly on the forest floor has the metabolic rate of thoroughbred in a dead heat. This and related foraging processes have broad applications in ecology, cognitive science, anthropology, and conservation biology—and they can be further extrapolated in economics, neurobiology, and computer science. Foraging is the first comprehensive review of the topic in more than twenty years. A monumental undertaking, this volume brings together twenty-two experts from throughout the field to offer the latest on the mechanics of foraging, modern foraging theory, and foraging ecology. The fourteen essays cover all the relevant issues, including cognition, individual behavior, caching behavior, parental behavior, antipredator behavior, social behavior, population and community ecology, herbivory, and conservation. Considering a wide range of taxa, from birds to mammals to amphibians, Foraging will be the definitive guide to the field.
Download or read book Great Salt Lake Biology written by Bonnie K. Baxter and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Great Salt Lake is an enormous terminal lake in the western United States. It is a highly productive ecosystem, which has global significance for millions of migrating birds who rely on this critical feeding station on their journey through the American west. For the human population in the adjacent metropolitan area, this body of water provides a significant economic resource as industries, such as brine shrimp harvesting and mineral extraction, generate jobs and income for the state of Utah. In addition, the lake provides the local population with ecosystem services, especially the creation of mountain snowpack that generates water supply, and the prevention of dust that may impair air quality. As a result of climate change and water diversions for consumptive uses, terminal lakes are shrinking worldwide, and this edited volume is written in this urgent context. This is the first book ever centered on Great Salt Lake biology. Current and novel data presented here paint a comprehensive picture, building on our past understanding and adding complexity. Together, the authors explore this saline lake from the microbial diversity to the invertebrates and the birds who eat them, along a dynamic salinity gradient with unique geochemistry. Some unusual perspectives are included, including the impact of tar seeps on the lake biology and why Great Salt Lake may help us search for life on Mars. Also, we consider the role of human perceptions and our effect on the biology of the lake. The editors made an effort to involve a diversity of experts on the Great Salt Lake system, but also to include unheard voices such as scientists at state agencies or non-profit advocacy organizations. This book is a timely discussion of a terminal lake that is significant, unique, and threatened.
Download or read book Infectious Diseases of Wild Birds written by Nancy J. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free-living birds encounter multiple health hazards brought on by viruses, bacteria, and fungi, some which in turn can significantly impact other animal populations and human health. Newly emerging diseases and new zoonotic forms of older diseases have brought increased global attention to the health of wild bird populations. Recognition and management of these diseases is a high priority for all those involved with wildlife. Infectious Diseases of Wild Birds provides biologists, wildlife managers, wildlife and veterinary health professionals and students with the most comprehensive reference on infectious viral, bacterial and fungal diseases affecting wild birds. Bringing together contributions from an international team of experts, the book offers the most complete information on these diseases, their history, causative agents, significance and population impact. Focusing on more than just treatment, special emphasis is given to disease processes, recognition and epidemiology.
Download or read book Shorebird Ecology Conservation and Management written by Dr. Mark A. Colwell and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010-11-16 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shorebirds are model organisms for illustrating the principles of ecology and excellent subjects for research. Their mating systems are as diverse as any avian group, their migrations push the limits of endurance, and their foraging is easily studied in the open habitats of estuaries and freshwater wetlands. This comprehensive text explores the ecology, conservation, and management of these fascinating birds. Beginning chapters examine phylogenetic relationships between shorebirds and other birds, and cover shorebird morphology, anatomy, and physiology. A section on breeding biology looks in detail at their reproductive biology. Because shorebirds spend much of their time away from breeding areas, a substantial section on non-breeding biology covers migration, foraging ecology, and social behavior. The text also covers shorebird demography, population size, and management issues related to habitat, predators, and human disturbances. Throughout, it emphasizes applying scientific knowledge to the conservation of shorebird populations, many of which are unfortunately in decline.
